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Fatima bt. Asad (a): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name = Fatima bt. Asad | | name = Fatima bt. Asad | ||
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| Death/Martyrdom= [[4]] AH/626 | | Death/Martyrdom= [[4]] AH/626 | ||
| Cause of Death/Martyrdom = | | Cause of Death/Martyrdom = | ||
| Burial Place = [[Baqi' Cemetery]], [[Medina]] | | Burial Place = [[Al-Baqi' Cemetery]], [[Medina]] | ||
| Era = Early Islam | | Era = Early Islam | ||
| Known for = Mother of Imam Ali (a) | | Known for = Mother of Imam Ali (a) | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Faṭima bt. | '''Faṭima bt. ʾAsad b. Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|فاطمة بنت أسد بن هاشم بن عبدمناف}}) (b. 55 BH/568 – d. [[4]] AH/626) was the mother of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] and the wife of [[Abu Talib]]. Her mother was Fatima bt. Heram b. Rawaha. Fatima bt. Asad was the eleventh person, and only the second woman, to become a Muslim. | ||
==Guardianship of the Prophet (s)== | ==Guardianship of the Prophet (s)== | ||
Due to the successive deaths of his father, mother, and grandfather, the guardianship of the [[Prophet of Islam (s)]] was taken over by [[Abu Talib]] (his uncle) at the age of eight. Fatima bt.Asad - being Abu Talib's wife - played a crucial role in his care. | Due to the successive deaths of his father, mother, and grandfather, the guardianship of the [[Prophet of Islam (s)]] was taken over by [[Abu Talib]] (his uncle) at the age of eight. Fatima bt.Asad - being Abu Talib's wife - played a crucial role in his care. | ||
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==After Islam== | ==After Islam== | ||
=== | ===Conversion to Islam=== | ||
She was the eleventh person and the second woman (the first being [[Khadija (a)]]) to become a Muslim. | She was the eleventh person and the second woman (the first being [[Khadija (a)]]) to become a Muslim. | ||
=== | ===Emigration to Medina=== | ||
Fatima bt. Asad accompanied [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] in the migration from Mecca to [[Medina]]. It is narrated from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that "Fatima bt. Asad, the mother of the [[Commander of the Faithful]] (a), was the first woman to migrate from [[Mecca]] to Medina on foot to join the Prophet (s). She was of the most compassionate people to the Prophet of Allah (s)".<ref>Kulayni, Vol.1, P.422</ref> | Fatima bt. Asad accompanied [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] in the migration from Mecca to [[Medina]]. It is narrated from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that "Fatima bt. Asad, the mother of the [[Commander of the Faithful]] (a), was the first woman to migrate from [[Mecca]] to Medina on foot to join the Prophet (s). She was of the most compassionate people to the Prophet of Allah (s)".<ref>Al-Kulayni, Vol.1, P.422</ref> | ||
=== | ===Allegiance to the Prophet (s)=== | ||
After the [[conquest of Mecca]], as the Prophet (s) was asking the men for their allegiance on [[Safa Mountain]], faithful women of Mecca also came to pledge their allegiance. [[Ibn Abi al-Hadid]] states that Fatima bt.Asad was the first woman who swore allegiance to the Prophet (s).<ref>Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Vol.1, P.14</ref> This is when verse 12 of [[Sura al-Mumtahana]] was revealed: | |||
:"O Prophet! If faithful women come to you to take the oath of allegiance to you, pledging that they shall not ascribe any partners to Allah, that they shall not steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor utter any slander that they may have intentionally fabricated, nor disobey you in what is right, then accept their allegiance, and plead for them to Allah for forgiveness. Indeed Allah is all-forgiving, all-merciful". | |||
[[Ibn 'Abbas]] says: "This verse was revealed regarding Fatima bt.Asad".<ref>Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Vol.1, P.14</ref> | [[Ibn 'Abbas]] says: "This verse was revealed regarding Fatima bt.Asad".<ref>Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Vol.1, P.14</ref> | ||
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==Death== | ==Death== | ||
{{Quote box | |||
|quote = <small>'''After the demise of Fatima bt.Asad, [[the Prophet (s)]] said''': "She was truly my mother, for she fed me with her children hungry, and she bathed and neatened me while her children were dusty. She was truly my mother".</small> | |||
|align = right | |||
|tstyle = text-align: left; | |||
|bgcolor = #FFEBCD | |||
|source = ''tarikh-i ya'qubi'', PP. 368-9 | |||
|qalign = left | |||
|width = 35% | |||
}} | |||
It is said that Fatima bt. Asad died in 4/626 in [[Medina]];<ref>Ibn Jawzi, Yusuf b. Hisam al-Din, ''Tadhkirat al-kawas'', Qahira: Maktaba al-Thiqafa al-Diniyya, p. 6.</ref> however, this cannot be accurate if she was the first woman who swore an allegiance to the Prophet (s) after the Conquest of Mecca in 8/630. | It is said that Fatima bt. Asad died in 4/626 in [[Medina]];<ref>Ibn Jawzi, Yusuf b. Hisam al-Din, ''Tadhkirat al-kawas'', Qahira: Maktaba al-Thiqafa al-Diniyya, p. 6.</ref> however, this cannot be accurate if she was the first woman who swore an allegiance to the Prophet (s) after the Conquest of Mecca in 8/630. | ||
After her death, the [[Prophet (s)]] shrouded her in his dress and said: "[[Gabriel]] informed me that she is of the people of heaven, and Allah commanded seventy thousand angels to say prayer on her body".<ref> | After her death, the [[Prophet (s)]] shrouded her in his dress and said: "[[Gabriel]] informed me that she is of the people of heaven, and Allah commanded seventy thousand angels to say prayer on her body".<ref>Al-Hakim al-Naysaburi,Vol.3, P.108</ref> Then he recited the [[funeral prayer]] for her and participated in her funeral until they arrived at [[al-Baqi' cemetery]]. The Prophet (s) entered her grave and lay down in it, then stood up and held her body and laid it in the grave. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
{{notes}} | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{references}} | |||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AF فاطمه بنت اسد] in Farsi Wikishia. | * The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AF فاطمه بنت اسد] in Farsi Wikishia. | ||
* Ibn Abi al-Hadid. ''Sharh nahj al-balagha''. Dar Ihya' al-Kutub al-'Arabiyya, Beirut, 1959; | |||
* | * Hakim al-Naysaburi al-. ''Al-Mustadrak 'ala l-sahihayn''. Ed. 'Abd al-Salam b. Muhammad, Dar al-Ma'rafa, Beirut; | ||
* | * Al-Kulayni. ''Al-Kafi''. Ed. 'Ali Akbar Ghaffari. Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, Tehran; | ||
* | * Al-Ya'qubi. ''Tarikh Ya'qubi''. Dar Sadir, Beirut; | ||
* | {{end}} | ||
{{Template:Ahl al-Bayt's women}} | {{Template:Ahl al-Bayt's women}} | ||
[[fa:فاطمه بنت اسد]] | [[fa:فاطمه بنت اسد]] | ||
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[[Category:Female Sahaba]] | [[Category:Female Sahaba]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Mothers of Imams (a)]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Buried in al-Baqi cemetery]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Banu Hashim]] | ||