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Sura al-Ahzab: Difference between revisions
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Sura al-Ahzab is | '''Sura al-Ahzab''' is thirty third [[sura]] of the [[Qur'an]]. It is a [[Madani]] sura, located in [[juz']]s twenty first and twenty second. Since a significant part of this sura is about the [[battle of Ahzab]] (also called Khandaq), this sura is named al-Ahzab. Sura al-Ahzab is about not following disbelievers and obeying [[God]], some laws of the [[Age of Ignorance]], duties of the wives of the [[Prophet (s)]], the story of the Prophet's (s) [[marriage]] with [[Zaynab bt. Jahsh]] and the issue of [[hijab]]. | ||
Sura al-Ahzab has many famous verses, including a verse which calls the | Sura al-Ahzab has many famous verses, including a verse which calls the Prophet's (s) wives, "Ummahat al-Mu'minin", introduces the Prophet (s) as an exemplar, and the [[verse of Tathir]], the [[verse of Khatamiyyat]], the [[verse of Salawat]] and the [[verse of Amana]]. About the merits of the [[recitation]] of this sura, it is transmitted that if a person recites it, he will be safe from the [[punishment of the grave]], and that he will be with the Prophet (s) and his wives on the [[Day of Judgment]]. | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
'''Naming''' | |||
This sura is named al-Ahzab, because a significant part of it is about the battle of Ahzab (also called the battle of Khandaq). The word "al-ahzab" meaning "confederates" is mentioned twice in this sura (verses 20 and 21). | |||
Sura al-Ahzab has | |||
'''Order and Place of Revelation''' | |||
Sura al-Ahzab is a [[Madani sura]] and ninetieth sura revealed to the Prophet (s). This sura is thirty third sura in the Qur'an now, located in juz's twenty one and twenty two. | |||
'''Number of Verses and Other Features''' | |||
Sura al-Ahzab has seventy three verses, 1307 words and 5787 letters. Regarding volume, it is among Mathani suras. | |||
== Content == | == Content == | ||
Sura al-Ahzab speaks about miscellaneous issues such as ideological issues, religious rulings, stories, historical examples and especially the battle of Ahzab or Khandaq. Some of the important issues mentioned in this sura, according to Tafsir | Sura al-Ahzab speaks about miscellaneous issues such as ideological issues, religious rulings, stories, historical examples and especially the battle of Ahzab or Khandaq. Some of the important issues mentioned in this sura, according to [[Tafsir-i Nimuna]], are as follows: | ||
Obeying God and not following disbelievers | Obeying God and not following disbelievers | ||
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== Famous Verses == | == Famous Verses == | ||
=== Verse of | === Verse of Ummahat al-Mu'minin === | ||
:"The Prophet is closer to the faithful than their own souls, and his wives are their mothers." | |||
Verse six of sura al-Ahzab introduces the wives of the Prophet (s) as the mothers of believers. It is said that, by mentioning this issue, this verse intended to mention the necessity of respecting the wives of the Prophet (s) and prohibition of marriage with them. | |||
=== Verse of Uswa === | |||
=== Verse of Tathir | :"There is certainly a good exemplar for you in the Apostle of Allah" (verse twenty one) | ||
This part of verse | |||
According to [[al-Mizan]], this verse has mentioned one of the rulings of the Prophet's (s) mission. Based on this rule, Muslims should follow the Prophet (s) in speech and in action, and take example of him for struggling in the way of God. | |||
=== Verse of Tathir === | |||
{{Main|Al-Tathir Verse}} | |||
:"Indeed Allah desires to repel all impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you with a thorough purification." | |||
This part of verse thirty three is known as the verse of al-Tathir. In [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources, it is mentioned that it was revealed about the [[Companions of Kisa']]. In this verse, it is mentioned that God desires to repel all impurity from the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. To prove the [[infallibility of Imams (a)]], Shi'a scholars brought argument from this verse. | |||
=== Verse of Khatamiyya (verse 40) === | === Verse of Khatamiyya (verse 40) === | ||
This verse calls the Prophet of Islam ( | {{Main|Khatamiyya verse}} | ||
:"Muhammad is not the father of any man among you, but he is the Apostle of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets." | |||
This verse calls the Prophet of Islam (s) "Khatam al-Nabiyyin" (Seal of Prophets). They say that, the word "khatam" means "something by which they end something." Muslim scholars believe that according to this verse, the Prophet of Islam (s) is the last messenger of God and no other prophet would come after him. | |||
=== Verse of Salawat (Verse 56) === | === Verse of Salawat (Verse 56) === | ||
Reciting this verse is advised as one of the recommended practices after Maghrib prayer ( | :"Indeed Allah and His angels bless the Prophet; O you who have faith! Invoke blessings on him and invoke Peace upon him in a worthy manner." | ||
Reciting this verse is advised as one of the [[recommended]] practices after [[Maghrib prayer]] (ta'qibat). In Shi'a mosques of Iran, after each prayer, a person recites this verse loudly and people repeat [[Salawat]] after him three times in loud voice. In [[hadiths]] from Shi'a and Sunni sources, it is mentioned that upon sending Salawat to the Prophet (s), Salawat should be sent to his households too. | |||
=== Verse of Hijab (Verse 59) === | === Verse of Hijab (Verse 59) === | ||
:"O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the faithful to draw closely over themselves their chadors [when going out]. That makes it likely for them to be recognized and not be troubled, and Allah is all-forgiving, all-merciful." | |||
This verse and some other verses are known as the verses of hijab. According to exegetes, this verse orders Muslim women to observe perfect hijab and explains that this action is better for them, because doing so, they will be less harassed by men. | This verse and some other verses are known as the verses of hijab. According to exegetes, this verse orders Muslim women to observe perfect hijab and explains that this action is better for them, because doing so, they will be less harassed by men. | ||
=== Verse of Amana (verse 72) === | === Verse of Amana (verse 72) === | ||
:"Indeed We presented the Trust to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, but they refused to undertake it and were apprehensive of it; but man undertook it. Indeed he is most unjust and ignorant." | |||
About the word of “amana” in this verse, exegetes have discussed a lot and have expressed different views in this regard. In the books of tafsir, examples such as divine wilaya, intellect, free will, knowledge of God and religious duties are mentioned for the meaning of “amana”. | About the word of “amana” in this verse, exegetes have discussed a lot and have expressed different views in this regard. In the books of tafsir, examples such as divine wilaya, intellect, free will, knowledge of God and religious duties are mentioned for the meaning of “amana”. | ||
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== Merits and Benefits == | == Merits and Benefits == | ||
Based on a hadith in Majma’ al-bayan, if a person recites sura al-Ahzab and teaches it to his family, he will be safe from the punishment of the grave. It is transmitted from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that those who recite this sura a lot, will be with the Prophet (a) and his wives on the Judgment Day. | Based on a hadith in Majma’ al-bayan, if a person recites sura al-Ahzab and teaches it to his family, he will be safe from the punishment of the grave. It is transmitted from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that those who recite this sura a lot, will be with the Prophet (a) and his wives on the Judgment Day. | ||
==References== | |||
*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:سوره احزاب|سوره احزاب]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | |||
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[[fa:سوره احزاب]] | |||
[[Category:Madani Suras]] | |||
[[Category:Suras with historical stories]] | |||
[[Category:Suras with famous verses]] | |||