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Al-Imtihan Verse: Difference between revisions
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Al-Imtiḥān Verse | '''Al-Imtiḥān Verse''' (Arabic: {{ia|آية الامتحان}}) or '''the Verse of Examination''', is the 10th [[verse]] of [[Sura al-Mumtahana]], concerning the examination of woman believers who went from [[Mecca]] to [[Medina]] and claimed that they had converted to [[Islam]], in order to make sure that they really believed in Islam. On [[Ibn Abbas]]'s report, women's conversion to Islam was examined by [[testimonies]] or [[swearing]]. According to the verse, if their belief in Islam was verified, then they would be permitted to stay in Medina. Otherwise, they were returned to Mecca. Some [[jurist]]s appeal to the verse to show that it is [[forbidden]] for Muslims to marry unbelievers. | ||
==Text and Teranslation== | |||
{{centered pull quote|{{arabic|يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنُوا إِذا جاءَکُمُ الْمُؤْمِناتُ مُهاجِراتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإيمانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِناتٍ فَلا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَي الْکُفَّارِ لا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ وَ آتُوهُمْ ما أَنْفَقُوا وَ لا جُناحَ عَلَيْکُمْ أَنْ تَنْکِحُوهُنَّ إِذا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَ لا تُمْسِکُوا بِعِصَمِ الْکَوافِرِ وَ سْئَلُوا ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ وَ لْيَسْئَلُوا ما أَنْفَقُوا ذلِکُمْ حُکْمُ اللَّهِ يَحْکُمُ بَيْنَکُمْ وَ اللَّهُ عَليمٌ حَکيمٌ}} | |||
<center>"O you who have faith! When faithful women come to you as immigrants, test them. Allah knows best [the state of] their faith. Then, if you ascertain them to be faithful women, do not send them back to the faithless. They are not lawful for them, nor are they lawful for them. And give them what they have spent [for them]. There is no sin upon you in marrying them when you have given them their dowries. Do not hold on to [conjugal] ties with faithless women. Ask [the infidels] for what you have spent, and let the faithless ask for what they have spent. That is the judgment of Allah; He judges between you; and Allah is all-knowing, all-wise."</center> | |||
|source=Qur'an, 60:10}} | |||
==Occasion of the Revelation== | ==Occasion of the Revelation== | ||
According to | According to [[Hudaybiyya Peace Treaty]], Muslims and polytheists agreed that if people escaped from [[Medina]] to [[Mecca]] they could live there, and if a person escaped from Mecca to Medina then they had to be returned to polytheists. After the treaty, a woman called "Subay'a" or "Umm Kulthum" converted to [[Islam]] and went from Mecca to Medina. The polytheists asked Muslims to return her to Mecca. According to exegetes, al-Imtihan Verse was [[revealed]] on this occasion and the [[Prophet (s)]] was commanded to examine the belief of women who alleged to have believed in Islam, and if their belief was assured, then they would not be returned to Mecca. | ||
According to Quranic exegetes, the refusal to return believing women to Mecca was not contrary to the letter of | According to [[Quranic exegetes]], the refusal to return believing women to Mecca was not contrary to the letter of Hudaybiyya Peace Treaty, because the treaty was silent about women. [[Allama Tabataba'i]] also believes that the treaty only referred to the return of men. | ||
==Explanation of the Verse== | ==Explanation of the Verse== | ||
The verse 10 of Sura al-Mumtahina is known as al-Imtihan Verse or the Verse of Examination. The verse is concerned with women who fled Mecca to Medina and claimed that they had converted to Islam. On this verse, such women had to be examined to make sure that they were believers in Islam. According to Ibn | The verse 10 of Sura al-Mumtahina is known as al-Imtihan Verse or the Verse of Examination. The verse is concerned with women who fled Mecca to Medina and claimed that they had converted to Islam. On this verse, such women had to be examined to make sure that they were believers in Islam. According to [[Ibn Abbas]], the belief of these women was examined by [[testimony]] or [[swearing]]. [[Al-Tabrisi]], an important Shiite exegete of the [[Qur'an]], believes that the examination was intended to show that Meccan women did not escape Mecca from the fear of their husbands or out of desires to move to a new place and that their only motivation was their conversion to Islam. | ||
According to the verse, it is forbidden for Muslim women to marry unbelievers. Thus, they stayed in Medina and the mahr they had received from their ex-husbands was returned to them. Also, if a Muslim woman escaped from Medina to Mecca, Muslims could get back the mahr they had given to her. Some | According to the verse, it is [[forbidden]] for Muslim women to marry unbelievers. Thus, they stayed in Medina and the [[mahr]] they had received from their ex-husbands was returned to them. Also, if a Muslim woman escaped from Medina to Mecca, Muslims could get back the mahr they had given to her. Some [[jurist]]s have appealed to the phrase, "hold not to marriage bonds with disbelieving women", to show that it is forbidden to [[Marriage]] unbelievers. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ref}} | |||
*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:آیه امتحان|آیه امتحان]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | *The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:آیه امتحان|آیه امتحان]]}} in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
{{end}} | |||
{{Famous Verses of Qur'an}} | |||
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