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Mus'ab b. al-Zubayr: Difference between revisions
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| Religious Affiliation = [[Islam]] | | Religious Affiliation = [[Islam]] | ||
| Lineage = | | Lineage = | ||
| Wellknown Relatives = [[Zubayr]] (his father), [[Abd Allah b. Zubayr]] (his brother), [[Sukayna]] (his wife) | | Wellknown Relatives = [[َAl-Zubayr b. al-Awwam]] (his father), [[Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr]] (his brother), [[Sukayna]] (his wife) | ||
| Birth = | | Birth = | ||
| Place of Birth = | | Place of Birth = | ||
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'''Mus'ab b. Zubayr''' (Arabic: {{ia|مُصعَب بن | '''Mus'ab b. al-Zubayr''' (Arabic: {{ia|مُصعَب بن الزُبَیر}}) (d. [[72]]/691) was the commander from the al-Zubayr Family who put an end to [[al-Mukhtar's Uprising]]. Mus'ab was appointed as the ruler of [[Basra]] by his brother [[Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr]]. After killing al-Mukhtar, he also killed five thousand people to whom he had promised a safeguard. Mus'ab married [[Imam al-Husayn]]'s (a) daughter, [[Sukayna bt. al-Imam al-Husayn (a)|Sukayna]]. Mus'ab was killed in a battle with [[Abd al-Malik b. Marwan]], the [[Umayyad]] ruler, in 72/691. | ||
==Lineage and Family== | ==Lineage and Family== | ||
Mus'ab was a son of [[Zubayr b. | Mus'ab was a son of [[al-Zubayr b. al-Awwam]] and Rubab the daughter of Anif b. Ubayd, and his [[kunya]] was Abu Abd Allah. He is considered as a member of the second group of [[Tabi'un]]. He allegedly was good-looking, [[Generosity|generous]], and had many children. | ||
He transmitted [[hadith]]s from Zubayr b. | He transmitted [[hadith]]s from al-Zubayr b. al-Awwam, [[Umar b. al-Khattb]], [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]], and [[Abu Sa'id al-Khidri]]. | ||
Mus'ab once stopped at [[Imam al-Husayn's (a) grave]] in one of his trips and said, "O Abu Abd Allah! I swear to [[God]] that although your enemies took your life, they failed to take your religion away from you". | Mus'ab once stopped at [[Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)|Imam al-Husayn's (a) grave]] in one of his trips and said, "O Abu Abd Allah! I swear to [[God]] that although your enemies took your life, they failed to take your religion away from you". | ||
Two of Mus'ab's wives were well-known: Sukayna the daughter of Imam al-Husayn (a) and A'isha the daughter of [[Talha]]. | Two of Mus'ab's wives were well-known: Sukayna the daughter of Imam al-Husayn (a) and A'isha the daughter of [[Talha]]. | ||
===Marriage | ===Marriage to Sukayna the Daughter of Imam al-Husayn=== | ||
According to historical sources, Mus'ab was passionate about marrying Sukayna the daughter of Imam al-Husayn (a). He allegedly asked and [[supplication|prayed]] to God to help him marry Sukayna and become the ruler of [[Iraq]]. Sukayna married Mus'ab with a large amount of [[mahr]]. The enormous mahr led to objections to Abd Allah b. Zubayr. Thus, he temporarily removed Mus'ab from the government. Mus'ab and Sukayna had a daughter called Fatima who died when she was a child. <ref>After the death of their husbands, Imam al-Husayn's daughters were proposed for marriage by Umayyad rulers. Thus, in order to evade marriage to the Umayyads, they married other people. Ibn al-Athir, ''al-Kamil'', 1965, vol. 5, p. 113; al-Baladhuri, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', 1977, vol. 2, p. 47.</ref> | According to historical sources, Mus'ab was passionate about marrying Sukayna the daughter of Imam al-Husayn (a). He allegedly asked and [[supplication|prayed]] to God to help him marry Sukayna and become the ruler of [[Iraq]]. Sukayna married Mus'ab with a large amount of [[mahr]]. The enormous mahr led to objections to Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr. Thus, he temporarily removed Mus'ab from the government. Mus'ab and Sukayna had a daughter called Fatima who died when she was a child. <ref>After the death of their husbands, Imam al-Husayn's daughters were proposed for marriage by Umayyad rulers. Thus, in order to evade marriage to the Umayyads, they married other people. Ibn al-Athir, ''al-Kamil'', 1965, vol. 5, p. 113; al-Baladhuri, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', 1977, vol. 2, p. 47.</ref> | ||
==The Rule of Basra== | ==The Rule of Basra== | ||
In [[67]]/686, Mus'ab was appointed by his brother, Abd Allah b. Zubayr, as the ruler of [[Basra]]. Upon his arrival in Basra, he gave a speech to people of Basra and referred to himself as a "butcher". | In [[67]]/686, Mus'ab was appointed by his brother, Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr, as the ruler of [[Basra]]. Upon his arrival in Basra, he gave a speech to people of Basra and referred to himself as a "butcher". | ||
During Mus'ab's rule of Basra, he was encouraged by some noblemen of [[Kufa]], such as [[Shabath b. Rib'i]] and [[Muhammad b. Ash'ath]], to combat al-Mukhtar. | During Mus'ab's rule of Basra, he was encouraged by some noblemen of [[Kufa]], such as [[Shabath b. Rib'i]] and [[Muhammad b. Ash'ath]], to combat al-Mukhtar. | ||
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Mus'ab combated and defeated al-Mukhtar. With the remainder of his army, al-Mukhtar went inside Kufa's Dar al-Imara (House of Emirate). After forty days of siege, al-Mukhtar and a few of his forces went out of Dar al-Imara and were killed after a short battle. | Mus'ab combated and defeated al-Mukhtar. With the remainder of his army, al-Mukhtar went inside Kufa's Dar al-Imara (House of Emirate). After forty days of siege, al-Mukhtar and a few of his forces went out of Dar al-Imara and were killed after a short battle. | ||
The majority of al-Mukhtar's people, who amounted to about five thousand (or six thousand or seven thousand), asked Mus'ab to promise them a safeguard, and he gave it to them. However, when they surrendered, they all were killed at the command of Mus'ab. Because of the mass killing, Mus'ab was condemned by [[Abd Allah b. Umar]]. He told Mus'ab, "You would have [[squandered]] if you had slaughtered the same number of sheep from the Zubayr Family in one morning, let alone this number of people who were hoped to [[Repentance|repent]] to God". | The majority of al-Mukhtar's people, who amounted to about five thousand (or six thousand or seven thousand), asked Mus'ab to promise them a safeguard, and he gave it to them. However, when they surrendered, they all were killed at the command of Mus'ab. Because of the mass killing, Mus'ab was condemned by [[Abd Allah b. Umar]]. He told Mus'ab, "You would have [[squandered]] if you had slaughtered the same number of sheep from the al-Zubayr Family in one morning, let alone this number of people who were hoped to [[Repentance|repent]] to God". | ||
Mus'ab also killed Abd al-Rahman and Abd al-Rabb, the sons of [[Hujr b. Adi]]. | Mus'ab also killed Abd al-Rahman and Abd al-Rabb, the sons of [[Hujr b. Adi]]. | ||