Anonymous user
Al-Nuzul al-Tadriji: Difference between revisions
Notes & References Done.
imported>E.amini (→References: references added) |
imported>Kadeh (Notes & References Done.) |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
==The Notion== | ==The Notion== | ||
According to Quranic exegetes, the Qur'an was revealed piecemeal, dependently on appropriate temporal and spatial circumstances, by [[Gabriel]] to the Prophet (s). In the | According to Quranic exegetes, the Qur'an was revealed piecemeal, dependently on appropriate temporal and spatial circumstances, by [[Gabriel]] to the Prophet (s). In the terminology of [[Quranic sciences]], this is known as "tadriji" (gradual) or "tafsili" (articulated) revelation,<ref>''Farhangnāma-yi ʿulūm-i Qurʾān'', p. 983.</ref> which is in contrast to "daf'i revelation" (instant revelation) of the Qur'an which took place at the Night of Qadr when the Qur'an was revealed to the Prophet (s) all at once.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Nuzūl-i daf'i-yi Qurʾān-i karīm'', p. 2226.</ref> The majority of exegetes take the gradual revelation to have taken twenty three years.<ref>Naṣiḥiyān, ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt'', p. 118.</ref> However, on other accounts, the duration of the gradual revelation was twenty years.<ref>Naṣiḥiyān, ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt'', p. 118.</ref>4 | ||
==Beginning of the Revelation== | ==Beginning of the Revelation== | ||
According to the majority of [[Shiite]] and [[Sunni]] exegetes, the revelation of the Qur'an began at the same time as the Prophet's [[bi'that]], and the first verses of Qur'an 96 were the first verses revealed. And the last [[sura]] revealed to the Prophet (s) was Qur'an 110. There are few hadiths in which [[Qur'an 1]] or [[Qur'an 93]] or [[Qur'an 53]] are cited as the first sura, and the [[Verse of Ikmal]] and [[Qur'an 5]] are said to, respectively, be the last verse and the last sura revealed to the Prophet (s). | According to the majority of [[Shiite]] and [[Sunni]] exegetes, the revelation of the Qur'an began at the same time as the Prophet's [[bi'that]], and the first verses of Qur'an 96 were the first verses revealed.<ref>Nāsiḥīyān, ''Nuzūl-i dafʿī-yi Qurʾān, shubahāt wa pāsukhhā'', p. 74.</ref> And the last [[sura]] revealed to the Prophet (s) was Qur'an 110.<ref>Naṣiḥiyān, ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt'', p. 110.</ref> There are few hadiths in which [[Qur'an 1]] or [[Qur'an 93]] or [[Qur'an 53]] are cited as the first sura, and the [[Verse of Ikmal]] and [[Qur'an 5]] are said to, respectively, be the last verse and the last sura revealed to the Prophet (s).<ref>Naṣiḥiyān, ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt'', p. 114.</ref> | ||
[[Al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], [[al-Sayyid al-Murtada]], and [[Ibn Shahrashub]] have denied the instant revelation of the Qur'an, holding that the Qur'an was only gradually revealed to the Prophet (s). In their view, verses such as "Indeed, We sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Qadr"<ref>Qur'an 97:1</ref> or "The [[month of Ramadhan]] [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an,"<ref>Qur'an 2:185</ref> are about the beginning of the gradual revelation of the Qur'an in the [[Night of Qadr]] and the Ramadan month. | [[Al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], [[al-Sayyid al-Murtada]], and [[Ibn Shahrashub]] have denied the instant revelation of the Qur'an, holding that the Qur'an was only gradually revealed to the Prophet (s).<ref>Rāmyār, ''Tārīkh-i Qur'ān'', p. 191; Naṣiḥiyān, ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt'', p. 72.</ref> In their view, verses such as "Indeed, We sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Qadr"<ref>Qur'an 97:1</ref> or "The [[month of Ramadhan]] [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an,"<ref>Qur'an 2:185</ref> are about the beginning of the gradual revelation of the Qur'an in the [[Night of Qadr]] and the Ramadan month.<ref>Rāmyār, ''Tārīkh-i Qur'ān'', p. 191.</ref> | ||
==Reasons== | ==Reasons== | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
:"'''And [it is] a Qur'an which We have separated [by intervals] that you might recite it to the people over a prolonged period.'''" | :"'''And [it is] a Qur'an which We have separated [by intervals] that you might recite it to the people over a prolonged period.'''" | ||
According to Quranic [[verse]]s and [[hadith]]s, the Qur'an was revealed piecemeal lest Muslims be faced with an abundance of rulings and decrees all at once. Thus, they were introduced to religious commands and beliefs on particular occasions. This made it easier for them to understand Quranic verses and act thereupon. Other reasons have also been cited for the gradual revelation, including: | According to Quranic [[verse]]s and [[hadith]]s, the Qur'an was revealed piecemeal lest Muslims be faced with an abundance of rulings and decrees all at once. Thus, they were introduced to religious commands and beliefs on particular occasions.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Nuzūl-i tadrījī-yi Qurʾān-i Karim'', p. 2228.</ref> This made it easier for them to understand Quranic verses and act thereupon.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Nuzūl-i tadrījī-yi Qurʾān-i Karim'', p. 2228.</ref> Other reasons have also been cited for the gradual revelation, including: | ||
* Peacefulness of the Prophet's heart | * Peacefulness of the Prophet's heart | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
* Creating enthusiasm in the Islamic community | * Creating enthusiasm in the Islamic community | ||
* Providing answers to questions by Muslims at right times. | * Providing answers to questions by Muslims at right times.<ref>Ismaʿīlīzada, ''Asrār wa ḥikmathā-yi nuzūl-i tadrījī az didgāh-i Qurʾān'', p. 72-90.</ref> | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Instant Revelation]] | * [[Instant Revelation]] | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
* Anṣārī, Masʿūd. ''Nuzūl-i daf'i-yi Qurʾān-i karīm''. Published in ''Danishnama-yi Qur'an''. Tehran: Nashr-i Dustan, 1377 Sh. | * Anṣārī, Masʿūd. ''Nuzūl-i daf'i-yi Qurʾān-i karīm''. Published in ''Danishnama-yi Qur'an''. Tehran: Nashr-i Dustan, 1377 Sh. | ||
* Anṣārī, Masʿud. ''Nuzūl-i tadrījī-yi Qurʾān-i Karim''. Published in ''Danishnama-yi Qur'an''. Tehran: Nashr-i Dustan, 1377 Sh. | * Anṣārī, Masʿud. ''Nuzūl-i tadrījī-yi Qurʾān-i Karim''. Published in ''Danishnama-yi Qur'an''. Tehran: Nashr-i Dustan, 1377 Sh. | ||
* ''Nuzūl-i dafʿī-yi Qurʾān'' in ''Farhangnāma-yi ʿulūm-i Qurʾān''. Qom: Pazhūhishgāh-i ʿUlūm wa Farhang-i Islāmī, 1394 Sh. | |||
* Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. ''Tarikh-i Qurʾāni''. Qom: Intishārāt-i Samt, 1383 Sh. | * Maʿrifat, Muḥammad Hādī. ''Tarikh-i Qurʾāni''. Qom: Intishārāt-i Samt, 1383 Sh. | ||
* Nāsiḥīyān, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''Kāwushī nuw dar chigūnigī-yi Qurʾān karīm''. Publishedin Ulum-i Qur'an wa Hadith journal, no. 5, 1376 Sj. | * Nāsiḥīyān, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''Kāwushī nuw dar chigūnigī-yi Qurʾān karīm''. Publishedin Ulum-i Qur'an wa Hadith journal, no. 5, 1376 Sj. | ||
* Nāsiḥīyān, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''Nuzūl-i dafʿī-yi Qurʾān, shubahāt wa pāsukhhā''. Published in Ilahiyat wa Huquq journal, no. 17, 1384 Sh. | * Nāsiḥīyān, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''Nuzūl-i dafʿī-yi Qurʾān, shubahāt wa pāsukhhā''. Published in Ilahiyat wa Huquq journal, no. 17, 1384 Sh. | ||
* Naṣihiyan, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt''. Mashhad: Nashr-i Dānishgāh-i ʿUlūm-i Islāmī-yi Raḍawī, 1389 Sh. | * Naṣihiyan, ʿAlī Aṣghar. ''ʿUlum-i Qurʾān dar maktab-i Ahl al-Bayt''. Mashhad: Nashr-i Dānishgāh-i ʿUlūm-i Islāmī-yi Raḍawī, 1389 Sh. | ||
* Rāmyār, Maḥmūd. Tārīkh-i | * Rāmyār, Maḥmūd. ''Tārīkh-i Qurʾān''. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Amīr Kabīr, 1369 Sh. | ||
*Ismaʿīlīzada, ʿAbbās. ''Asrār wa ḥikmathā-yi nuzūl-i tadrījī az didgāh-i Qurʾān''. Published in Ilahiyat wa Huquq journal, no. 5, 1383 Sh. | *Ismaʿīlīzada, ʿAbbās. ''Asrār wa ḥikmathā-yi nuzūl-i tadrījī az didgāh-i Qurʾān''. Published in Ilahiyat wa Huquq journal, no. 5, 1383 Sh. | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
| Line 57: | Line 58: | ||
| navbox =done | | navbox =done | ||
| redirects=done | | redirects=done | ||
| references = | | references =done | ||
| good article = | | good article = | ||
| featured article = | | featured article = | ||