Sura al-Jinn: Difference between revisions

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'''Sūra al-Jinn''' (Arabic: {{ia|سورة الجن}}) is the seventy second [[sura]] of the [[Qur'an]]. It is a [[Makki sura]] located in [[juz']] twenty nine. Naming this sura "al-Jinn" is due to the existence of the word "al-Jinn" in the first [[verse]] of this sura and discussions about [[jinn]]s in this sura. The Qur'an 72 mentions some superstitions people had about jinns, gives answers to them and suggests that invitation of the [[Prophet (s)]] to [[Islam]] included jinns as well as humans. Verse eighteen titled as "al-masajid li Allah" and also verses twenty six and twenty seven about the [[infallibility]] of the prophets (a) are among the famous verses of this sura.

About the merits and benefits of [[recitation|reciting]] this sura, it is mentioned that whoever recites the Qur'an 72, [[God]] will give him rewards for freeing slaves equal to the number of all jinns and devils who accepted the Prophet (s) and rejected him.  

Naming this sura as "al-Jinn" is due to the existence of the word "al-Jinn" in the first verse of this sura and discussions about jinns in this sura. In some [[hadith]]s, this sura is mentioned as "Qul awha" because it begins with this expression.

Jinns are considered mysterious creatures which have cognition, volition and [[Taklif|obligations]] like humans; and due to their nature, they are hidden to humans' perceptions and are not perceptible to humans in normal conditions. According to some verses and hadiths, jinns are created from fire or a mixture of fire and has obligations like humans and the same as humans, the goal of their creation is servitude of God. They will be [[resurrection|resurrected]] in the [[hereafter]] and include obedient and disobedient, [[believer]] and [[disbeliever]] ones.

 

The Qur'an 72 is a [[Makki sura]] and was the fortieth sura [[revealed]] to the Prophet (s). It is the seventy second sura of the [[Qur'an]] now located in [[juz']] twenty nine.

 

 

The Qur'an 72 has twenty eight verses, 286 words and 1109 and regarding volume, it is among [[Mufassalat suras]] which are relatively small suras. It is at the beginning of the third [[hizb]] of juz' twenty nine. The Qur'an 72 is the first of five [[Qalaqil|Maqulat suras]] which begin with "Qul" (Say). This sura is counted among [[Mumtahinat suras]], because it is related with the [[Qur'an 60]] regarding content.

The first part of the Qur'an 72 is the story of a tribe of jinns who were astonished by the eloquence of the [[Qur'an]] after hearing its [[recitation]], and then they admitted to its magnificence and guidance. They believed in the [[Prophet (s)]] and the hereafter and expressed their humility before the Qur'an. In this sura, it is mentioned that there are two groups of believer and disbeliever jinns and also it is mentioned that like humans, some of them are righteous and some others make corruptions. The Qur'an 72 mentioned some superstitions among people and gave answers to them and notes this point that the invitation of the Prophet (s) included both humans and jinns.

In another part of the Qur'an 72, the [[Unity of God]] and the hereafter are mentioned and the last part of the sura speaks about the knowledge of the [[The Unseen World|Unseen World]], no one has the knowledge of except some of which God [[will]]s.

Happiness of jinns and humans depends on believing in God

- Believing of jinns in the Prophet (s)

- Repentance of believer jinns is among deviated beliefs

- Reward of believer jinns

* Invitation of polytheists to monotheism and following the Prophet (a)

- Reminding the benefits of faith

- Polytheists' excuses for not believing in the Prophet (s): The goal of the Prophet (s) is inviting to himself; the power and number of us is more; maybe the Prophet (s) has changed the words of God

[[Exegete]]s considered the story of a group of jinns listening to the [[recitation]] of the [[Prophet (s)]] which is mentioned in the Qur'an 46: 29–32 as the [[occasion of revelation]] of this sura. About the Qur'an 72, some other occasions of revelation are also mentioned:

* In ''[[Tafsir al-Qummi (book)|Tafsir Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummi]]'', it is mentioned that the Prophet (s) went from [[Mecca]] to the market of Akkaz in [[Ta'if]] to invite people to [[Islam]], but he (s) did not receive a positive answer. On his return, he (s) began reciting the Qur'an in a place known as Wadi l-Jinn and a group of [[jinn]]s heard his voice and believed in him and returned to their people to invite them to Islam as well.

* Also, it is transmitted from [[Abd Allah b. Mas'ud]] that "one night, we did not find the Prophet (s) and became worried". After searching a lot, we found him coming from [[Hira']] mountain. He (a) said, "An inviter from jinns came to me and I went to recite the Qur'an to them."

=== The places of worship belong to God (Verse 18) ===

centered pull quote|'''The places of worship belong to Allah, so do not invoke anyone along with Allah.'''

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In ''[[Tafsir Majma' al-bayan]]'', [[Tabrisi]] transmitted from Khalil that in this verse, [[polytheism]] is prohibited contrary to polytheists who practice polytheism in the [[Ka'ba]]. Tabrisi also interpreted "masajid" as "the parts of the body used in [[prostration]]s" transmitting from [[Sa'id b. Jubayr]], Zujaj and Farra' and said that it is not correct to use them for prostrating for anyone other than God.

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These verses mention a rule about the knowledge of the Unseen God does not give any of which He knows, then "the chosen Prophet (s)" is excluded from this rule. Also, these verses are one of the arguments for the [[infallibility]] of the Prophets (s) who stay safe from slips and errors and the evils of devils among the jinns and humans, their temptations and whatever damages the authenticity of revelation through divine and unseen assistance and protection of the angels.

About the merits of reciting this sura, it is transmitted from the Prophet (s) that God will give whoever recites the Qur'an 72, rewards for freeing slaves equal to the number of all jinns who accepted the Prophet (s) and rejected him. It is also transmitted from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that a person who frequently recites sura "Qul awha", will be safe from [[Evil Eye|evil eyes]], magic, tricks and harassment of jinns and will be with the Prophet (s).

In some [[hadiths]], for recitation of this sura, some benefits are mentioned such as meeting the Prophet (s) in dream, increase of understanding and intelligence, returning the debt and going the jinns away.

* The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%86 {{ia|سوره جن}}] in Farsi WikiShia.

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