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Al-Hasan al-Basri: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
===Birth=== | ===Birth=== | ||
Al-Hasan al-Basri was born in [[Medina]] and grew in Wadi l-Qura (in suburbs of Medina). There is disagreement over the date of his birth. According to al-'Attar, al-Hasan was born during the lifetime of the Prophet. According to al-Waki', during the murder of 'Uthman (in 35 AH) al-Hasan was 10, and according to Ibn Sa'd, he was 14 years old. The latter view seems more accurate, because Ibn Sa'd (d. 203) was the closest person to the time of al-Hasan. Moreover, elsewhere he has stressed that al-Hasan was born two years before the murder of the Second Caliph. If al-Hasan was 14 during the murder of 'Uthman, then he must have been born in 21 AH. This is the date accepted by al-Waki' and al-Safadi as well. | Al-Hasan al-Basri was born in [[Medina]] and grew in Wadi l-Qura (in suburbs of Medina). There is disagreement over the date of his birth. According to al-'Attar, al-Hasan was born during the lifetime of the [[Prophet (s)]]. According to al-Waki', during the [[murder of 'Uthman]] (in 35 AH) al-Hasan was 10, and according to Ibn Sa'd, he was 14 years old. The latter view seems more accurate, because Ibn Sa'd (d. 203) was the closest person to the time of al-Hasan. Moreover, elsewhere he has stressed that al-Hasan was born two years before the murder of the [[Second Caliph]]. If al-Hasan was 14 during the murder of 'Uthman, then he must have been born in 21 AH. This is the date accepted by al-Waki' and al-Safadi as well. | ||
===Father and Mother=== | ===Father and Mother=== | ||
Al-Hasan’s father was from Maysan, and was at first a Christian and his name was Yasar or Firuz (or Piruz). In an Islamic conquest, Firuz was captivated and turned into one of Mawali (slaves). He was then taken to Medina and was emancipated after a while. There, he had a bond of wala' (being emancipated) with Rybay' bt. Nadr or Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari or another person from Ansar. Hence, al-Hasan is also called al-Ansari. | Al-Hasan’s father was from Maysan, and was at first a [[Christian]] and his name was Yasar or Firuz (or Piruz). In an Islamic conquest, Firuz was captivated and turned into one of [[Mawali]] (slaves). He was then taken to Medina and was emancipated after a while. There, he had a [[bond of wala']] (being emancipated) with Rybay' bt. Nadr or [[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]] or another person from [[Ansar]]. Hence, al-Hasan is also called al-Ansari. | ||
Al-Hasan’s mother, Khayra (also known with her kunya, Umm al-Hasan), was captivated in the Conquest of Maysan, and had a bond of wala' with Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, or some other people. Khayra taught the Qur'an to women and preached them. Moreover, she was allegedly a reliable transmitter of hadiths who transmitted | Al-Hasan’s mother, Khayra (also known with her kunya, Umm al-Hasan), was captivated in the Conquest of Maysan, and had a bond of wala' with [[Umm Salama]], the wife of the Prophet (s), or some other people. Khayra taught the [[Qur'an]] to women and preached them. Moreover, she was allegedly a reliable transmitter of hadiths who transmitted [[hadith]]s from two wives of the Prophet (s), Umm Salama and [['A'isha]], and her two sons, al-Hasan and Sa'id, as well as others, transmitted hadiths from her. Her hadiths have also been cited by prominent [[Sunni]] scholars. | ||
===Title and | ===Title and Teknonym=== | ||
Al-Hasan was known as Imam al-Tabi'in, Sayyid al-Tabi'in, and Shaykh al-Islam, and his kunya was Abu Sa'id or Abu Muhammad or Abu 'Ali. | Al-Hasan was known as Imam al-Tabi'in, Sayyid al-Tabi'in, and Shaykh al-Islam, and his kunya was Abu Sa'id or Abu Muhammad or Abu 'Ali. | ||
===Migration to Basra=== | ===Migration to Basra=== | ||
Al-Hasan memorized the whole Qur'an at the age of 12 or 14, and it is said that he learned occasions of revelations as well as interpretations of | Al-Hasan memorized the whole Qur'an at the age of 12 or 14, and it is said that he learned [[occasions of revelations]] as well as interpretations of [[sura]]s he learned. In the second year of [[Imam 'Ali]]’s [[caliphate]], al-Hasan and his family migrated to [[Basra]] where he married an originally Persian woman after a while and had two sons and a daughter from her. | ||
===Death=== | ===Death=== | ||