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Barmakids: Difference between revisions
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'''Barmakids''' (Arabic: {{ia|بَرمَکیان}}) were a family from [[Balkh]], who gained power by getting close to the [[Umayyad]] and [[Abbasid]] rulers. In the first period of the Abbasid dynasty, during the reign of [[Harun al-Rashid]] | '''Barmakids''' (Arabic: {{ia|بَرمَکیان}}) were a family from [[Balkh]], who gained power by getting close to the [[Umayyad]] and [[Abbasid]] rulers. In the first period of the Abbasid dynasty, during the reign of [[Harun al-Rashid]] (r. 170/786- 193/808) and at the zenith of Abbasid power, they were involved in multiple state affairs. | ||
The family was known by the name of their grandfather Barmak, who had a high political position. Khalid, Yahya, Ja'far, and Fadl also achieved high political positions in the [[caliphate]]. | The family was known by the name of their grandfather Barmak, who had a high political position. Khalid, Yahya, Ja'far, and Fadl also achieved high political positions in the [[caliphate]]. | ||
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==Conversion to Islam== | ==Conversion to Islam== | ||
The first known Muslim of this family was Barmak the grandfather of Khalid. According to some historians, Barmak travelled to [[Medina]] after the conquest of Balkh during the caliphate of [[Uthman]] and declared his conversion to Islam. He was given the name Abd Allah by Uthman. When he returned to Balkh, he was executed by Nayzak Tarkhan, the ruler of Turkestan, because of his conversion to Islam. Barmak's wife fled, together with her young child who was also named Barmak, to [[Kashmir]]. The child began his education there and was brought up by his mother. Later, the people of [[Balkh]] brought him back to Balkh and gave him all the positions of his father. | The first known Muslim of this family was Barmak the grandfather of Khalid. According to some historians, Barmak travelled to [[Medina]] after the conquest of Balkh during the caliphate of [[Uthman]] and declared his conversion to Islam. He was given the name Abd Allah by Uthman. When he returned to Balkh, he was executed by Nayzak Tarkhan, the ruler of Turkestan, because of his conversion to [[Islam]]. Barmak's wife fled, together with her young child who was also named Barmak, to [[Kashmir]]. The child began his education there and was brought up by his mother. Later, the people of [[Balkh]] brought him back to Balkh and gave him all the positions of his father. | ||
Among the various meanings and interpretations found in historical sources for the word "Barmak," it seems more likely that Barmak was a general title given to the guards of the Buddhist temple Nawbahar in northern [[Afghanistan]]. The word derived from the Sanskrit word ''parmaka'' in the sense of a [[Buddhist]] religious leader. | Among the various meanings and interpretations found in historical sources for the word "Barmak," it seems more likely that Barmak was a general title given to the guards of the Buddhist temple Nawbahar in northern [[Afghanistan]]. The word derived from the Sanskrit word ''parmaka'' in the sense of a [[Buddhist]] religious leader. | ||
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===Khalid=== | ===Khalid=== | ||
Khalid son of Barmak was born in 90 AH in Balkh. He was respected by the [[Umayyads]], especially by Abd al-Malik's sons (Hisham and Maslama). | Khalid son of Barmak was born in [[90 AH|90]]/709 in Balkh. He was respected by the [[Umayyads]], especially by Abd al-Malik's sons (Hisham and Maslama). | ||
Khalid joined the supports of the [[Abbasids]] and showed great merit in various roles and positions, such as attracting financial support for the Abbasids during the period of hidden mobilization, participation in crushing the opposition groups in 130/748 under the command of [[Abu Muslim]] in [[Tus]], convincing the governor of [[Tabaristan]] to support the Abbasid revolution in 131/749, being in charge of the treasury, and collecting and registering the spoils of war during the battles of Qahtaba b. Shabib in [[Qom]], [[Isfahan]], and [[Khorasan]] in the same year. Considering his merits, [[Abu l-Abbas Abd Allah al-Saffah|al-Saffah]], the first Abbasid caliph (r. 132/749-136/753) charged him with the administration of the spoils of war. | Khalid joined the supports of the [[Abbasids]] and showed great merit in various roles and positions, such as attracting financial support for the Abbasids during the period of hidden mobilization, participation in crushing the opposition groups in 130/748 under the command of [[Abu Muslim]] in [[Tus]], convincing the governor of [[Tabaristan]] to support the Abbasid revolution in 131/749, being in charge of the treasury, and collecting and registering the spoils of war during the battles of Qahtaba b. Shabib in [[Qom]], [[Isfahan]], and [[Khorasan]] in the same year. Considering his merits, [[Abu l-Abbas Abd Allah al-Saffah|al-Saffah]], the first Abbasid caliph (r. 132/749-136/753) charged him with the administration of the spoils of war. | ||
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[[fa:برمکیان]] | [[fa:برمکیان]] | ||
[[Category:Islamic families]] | |||