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Wives of the Prophet (s): Difference between revisions
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'''The Prophet’s wives''' were those women with whom the [[Prophet (s)]] married. There are disagreements among [[Muslim]] scholars as to the number of the Prophet’s wives. Some people believe that he had thirteen wives; on another account he had fifteen wives; and there are other views as well. The disagreement goes back to whether the Prophet’s handmaids count as his wives or not. The Prophet’s marriages were along his mission (the propagation of Islam), motivated by the attraction of the support of major Arabian tribes and clans, erasing the wrong ideas of the [[period of ignorance]], reinforcement and encouragement of the social status of vulnerable women, and emancipation of captives. | '''The Prophet’s wives''' (Arabic: {{ia|أمهات المؤمنين}}) were those women with whom the [[Prophet (s)]] married. There are disagreements among [[Muslim]] scholars as to the number of the Prophet’s wives. Some people believe that he had thirteen wives; on another account he had fifteen wives; and there are other views as well. The disagreement goes back to whether the Prophet’s handmaids count as his wives or not. The Prophet’s marriages were along his mission (the propagation of Islam), motivated by the attraction of the support of major Arabian tribes and clans, erasing the wrong ideas of the [[period of ignorance]], reinforcement and encouragement of the social status of vulnerable women, and emancipation of captives. | ||
The [[Quran]] refers to the Prophet’s wives as “ummahat al-muʾminin” (mothers of the faithful), being subjected to specific rulings and commands, including the avoidance of flaunting their finery and speaking honorable words. Moreover, Muslims were commanded to talk to the Prophet’s wives from behind a curtain and not marry after the [[Prophet's demise]]. | The [[Quran]] refers to the Prophet’s wives as “ummahat al-muʾminin” (mothers of the faithful), being subjected to specific rulings and commands, including the avoidance of flaunting their finery and speaking honorable words. Moreover, Muslims were commanded to talk to the Prophet’s wives from behind a curtain and not marry after the [[Prophet's demise]]. | ||
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===Forbiddance of Marriage with the Prophet’s Wives=== | ===Forbiddance of Marriage with the Prophet’s Wives=== | ||
According to the Quranic verse, “nor may you ever marry his wives after him” | According to the Quranic verse, “nor may you ever marry his wives after him”<ref>Quran 33:53</ref>, Muslims were not allowed to marry the Prophet’s wife after his demise, since they were the spiritual mothers of the faithful. There are possible accounts of why such marriage was forbidden, including the following: | ||
* Prevention of any disgrace for the Prophet (s): some people had decided to marry the Prophet’s wives after his death, so as to humiliate him. | * Prevention of any disgrace for the Prophet (s): some people had decided to marry the Prophet’s wives after his death, so as to humiliate him. | ||
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==The Prophet’s Treatment of His Wives== | ==The Prophet’s Treatment of His Wives== | ||
According to Muhammad Husayn Haykal (d. 1376 | According to Muhammad Husayn Haykal (d. 1376/1956), an [[Egypt]]ian author, the Prophet’s special treatment of his wives was unknown to Arabs at the time. There are verses in the Quran to the effect that he deprived himself of certain permissible things in order to please his wives. For example, the [[occasion of the revelation]] of the verse “O Prophet! Why do you disallow [yourself] what Allah has made lawful for you, seeking to please your wives?” <ref>Quran 66:1</ref> was that the Prophet refused to drink a honey syrup prepared for him by Zaynab bt. Jahsh in order to please his other wife Hafsa. | ||
Moreover, the Prophet (s) treated his wives with justice. There are accounts of how he equally divided his possessions among his wives. For instance, Muhammad b. ʿUmar al-Waqidi says that, after the [[Battle of Khaybar]], the Prophet (s) gave eighty cups (wasaq) of palm dates and twenty cups (wasaq) of barley. Furthermore, he equally divided his night stays among them, and when he went on a battle or a journey, he chose one of them to accompany him based on a lottery, although verse 51 of Sura al-Ahzab had permitted him to postpone the shares of any of his wives. | Moreover, the Prophet (s) treated his wives with justice. There are accounts of how he equally divided his possessions among his wives. For instance, Muhammad b. ʿUmar al-Waqidi says that, after the [[Battle of Khaybar]], the Prophet (s) gave eighty cups (wasaq) of palm dates and twenty cups (wasaq) of barley. Furthermore, he equally divided his night stays among them, and when he went on a battle or a journey, he chose one of them to accompany him based on a lottery, although verse 51 of Sura al-Ahzab had permitted him to postpone the shares of any of his wives. | ||
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There are many books about the Prophet’s wives in Arabic and Persian by Shiite and Sunni scholars, including: | There are many books about the Prophet’s wives in Arabic and Persian by Shiite and Sunni scholars, including: | ||
* ''Al-Muntakhab min kitab azwaj al-nabi salla Allah ʿalayh wa-sallam'' (Selection from the book the Prophet’s wives, peace be upon him and his household) by Zubayr b. Bakkar (d. 256 | * ''Al-Muntakhab min kitab azwaj al-nabi salla Allah ʿalayh wa-sallam'' (Selection from the book the Prophet’s wives, peace be upon him and his household) by Zubayr b. Bakkar (d. 256/869). The book is published in 1403/1982 by Muʾassasat al-Risala in Beirut, as edited by Sakina Shahabi. | ||
* ''Zawjat al-nabi'' (The Prophet’s wives) by Saʿid Ayyub (b. | * ''Zawjat al-nabi'' (The Prophet’s wives) by Saʿid Ayyub (b. 1984), an Egyptian convert to Shiism. | ||
* ''Sabk zindigi rasul khuda ba hamsaranash'' (The Prophet’s lifestyle towards his wives) by Farzana Hakimzada. The book is written to introduce a model based on the Prophet’s treatment of his wives. | * ''Sabk zindigi rasul khuda ba hamsaranash'' (The Prophet’s lifestyle towards his wives) by Farzana Hakimzada. The book is written to introduce a model based on the Prophet’s treatment of his wives. | ||
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* ''Azwaj al-nabi salla Allah ʿalayh wa-sallam'' (The Prophet’s wives, peace be upon him and his household) by Muhammad b. Yusuf Salihi Dimashqi. | * ''Azwaj al-nabi salla Allah ʿalayh wa-sallam'' (The Prophet’s wives, peace be upon him and his household) by Muhammad b. Yusuf Salihi Dimashqi. | ||
* ''Zawjat al-nabi wa-awladuh'' (The Prophet’s wives and children) by Amir Mahya al-Khayyami (1411 | * ''Zawjat al-nabi wa-awladuh'' (The Prophet’s wives and children) by Amir Mahya al-Khayyami (1411/1990). | ||
* ''Hamsaran payambar'' (The Prophet’s wives) by ʿAqiqi Bakhshayishi ( | * ''Hamsaran payambar'' (The Prophet’s wives) by ʿAqiqi Bakhshayishi (1973). | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{notes}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||