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Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a): Difference between revisions
Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a) (view source)
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There are many reports about Imam al-Kazim's (a) patience<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 6, p. 164; Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 312.</ref> and generosity in Shiite and Sunni sources<ref>Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, ''Tārīkh Baghdād'', vol. 13, p. 30-33; Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 154-167.</ref>. [[Al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] believed that the Imam (a) was the most generous man of his time who secretly took provisions and food to the poor in Medina overnight.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 231-232.</ref> [[Ibn 'Inaba]] said about Musa b. Ja'far's (a) generosity: he left home overnight with bags of dirhams and gave them to every person in need whom he met. His bags of dirhams were well-known among the people at the time.<ref>Ibn ʿInaba, ''ʿUmdat al-ṭālib'', p. 177.</ref> It is also said that Musa b. Ja'far (a) was also generous to those who bothered him, and whenever he learned that someone was seeking to bother him, he sent gifts to him.<ref>Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, ''Tārīkh Baghdād'', vol. 13, p. 29.</ref> Al-Shaykh al-Mufid has also considered Imam al-Kazim (a) as persistent on [[silat al-rahim]] (family ties).<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 232.</ref> | There are many reports about Imam al-Kazim's (a) patience<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 6, p. 164; Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 312.</ref> and generosity in Shiite and Sunni sources<ref>Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, ''Tārīkh Baghdād'', vol. 13, p. 30-33; Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 154-167.</ref>. [[Al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] believed that the Imam (a) was the most generous man of his time who secretly took provisions and food to the poor in Medina overnight.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 231-232.</ref> [[Ibn 'Inaba]] said about Musa b. Ja'far's (a) generosity: he left home overnight with bags of dirhams and gave them to every person in need whom he met. His bags of dirhams were well-known among the people at the time.<ref>Ibn ʿInaba, ''ʿUmdat al-ṭālib'', p. 177.</ref> It is also said that Musa b. Ja'far (a) was also generous to those who bothered him, and whenever he learned that someone was seeking to bother him, he sent gifts to him.<ref>Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, ''Tārīkh Baghdād'', vol. 13, p. 29.</ref> Al-Shaykh al-Mufid has also considered Imam al-Kazim (a) as persistent on [[silat al-rahim]] (family ties).<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 232.</ref> | ||
The Imam (a) came to be known as "al-Kazim" because he greatly controlled his anger.<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''al-Kāmil'', vol. 6, p. 166; Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 312.</ref> There are different reports that he controlled his anger against his enemies and people who hurt him.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 233; Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 160-162.</ref> For example, a man from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] insulted [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] in the presence of Imam al-Kazim (a). The Imam's (a) companions wanted to attack him, but the Imam (a) did not allow them to do so. He then went to the man's farm. When the man saw Imam al-Kazim (a), he cried and asked the Imam (a) not to tread on his crops. The Imam (a) approached him and kindly asked: "how much did you spend on the farm?". The man replied: "100 dinars". Then the Imam (a) asked: "how much will you benefit from the farm?" The man said: "I do not have the knowledge of the hidden". Imam al-Kazim (a) asked: "how much do you hope to benefit?" The man replied: " | The Imam (a) came to be known as "al-Kazim" because he greatly controlled his anger.<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''al-Kāmil'', vol. 6, p. 166; Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 312.</ref> There are different reports that he controlled his anger against his enemies and people who hurt him.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 233; Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 160-162.</ref> For example, a man from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] insulted [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] in the presence of Imam al-Kazim (a). The Imam's (a) companions wanted to attack him, but the Imam (a) did not allow them to do so. He then went to the man's farm. When the man saw Imam al-Kazim (a), he cried and asked the Imam (a) not to tread on his crops. The Imam (a) approached him and kindly asked: "how much did you spend on the farm?". The man replied: "100 dinars". Then the Imam (a) asked: "how much will you benefit from the farm?" The man said: "I do not have the knowledge of the hidden". Imam al-Kazim (a) asked: "how much do you hope to benefit?" The man replied: "two hundred dinars". The Imam (a) gave 300 dinars to him and said: "these three hundred dinars are yours and keep your crops". The Imam (a) went to the mosque then. The man hurried up to the mosque and arrived sooner than the Imam (a). When he saw the Imam (a), he recited the Quranic verse: "Allah best knows where He places His message"([[Sura al-An'am|Quran 6]]:124).<ref>Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, ''Tārīkh Baghdād'', vol. 13, p. 30.</ref> | ||
[[Al-Bushr al-Hafi]] was also impressed by the Imam's (a) remarks and moral practice and then [[tawba|repented]] to God.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Minḥāj al-kirāma'', p. 59.</ref> | [[Al-Bushr al-Hafi]] was also impressed by the Imam's (a) remarks and moral practice and then [[tawba|repented]] to God.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Minḥāj al-kirāma'', p. 59.</ref> | ||
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In order to have wider contacts with the Shi'as and reinforce their economic power, Imam al-Kazim (a) expanded the organization of representatives and deputies which was established in the period of [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]]. He sent some of his companions to different areas as his representatives or agents. Some sources have mentioned | In order to have wider contacts with the Shi'as and reinforce their economic power, Imam al-Kazim (a) expanded the organization of representatives and deputies which was established in the period of [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]]. He sent some of his companions to different areas as his representatives or agents. Some sources have mentioned thirteen of his representatives.<ref>Jabbārī, ''Imām-i Kāẓim wa wikālat'', p. 16.</ref> According to some sources, his representatives included 'Ali b. Yaqtin and [[Mufaddal b. 'Umar]] in [[Kufa]], [['Abd al-Rahman b. al-Hajjaj]] in Baghdad, [[Ziyad b. Marwan]] in [[Kandahar]], 'Uthman b. 'Isa in [[Egypt]], [[Ibrahim b. Salam]] in [[Nishabur]], and [['Abd Allah b. Jundab]] in [[Ahvaz]].<ref>Jabbārī, ''Sāzmān-i wikālat'', p. 423-599.</ref> | ||
There are different reports in sources according to which the Shi'as gave the [[khums]] of their money and property to the Imam (a) or his representatives. Al-Shaykh al-Tusi believes that the reason why some of the Imam's (a) representatives believed in Waqifiyya was their infatuation with the money gathered by them.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 64-65.</ref> According to the report given by 'Ali b. Isma'il b. Ja'far to Harun, which led to Imam al-Kazim's (a) arrest, "a lot of money is sent to him from the east and the west, and he has a treasury of his own in which different types of coins in great quantities are found".<ref>Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 455.</ref> | There are different reports in sources according to which the Shi'as gave the [[khums]] of their money and property to the Imam (a) or his representatives. Al-Shaykh al-Tusi believes that the reason why some of the Imam's (a) representatives believed in Waqifiyya was their infatuation with the money gathered by them.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 64-65.</ref> According to the report given by 'Ali b. Isma'il b. Ja'far to Harun, which led to Imam al-Kazim's (a) arrest, "a lot of money is sent to him from the east and the west, and he has a treasury of his own in which different types of coins in great quantities are found".<ref>Qarashī, ''Ḥayāt al-Imām Mūsā b. Jaʿfar'', vol. 2, p. 455.</ref> | ||