confirmed, movedable, protected, templateeditor
3,075
edits
Uprising of al-Mukhtar: Difference between revisions
→Uprising of Tawwabun
(→References: tag: add nav) |
|||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
When Tawwabun were defeated, al-Mukhtar wrote letters to their survivors and asked them to join him. They agreed with al-Mukhtar's request and expressed their readiness to attack the prison and release al-Mukhtar. Al-Mukhtar asked them to hold on, since he would be released a few days later. He wrote a letter to [['Abd Allah b. Umar]] who was the husband of his sister, [[Safiyya bt. Abi Ubayd]] and asked him to intercede for his release. Thus, al-Mukhtar was released with the help of 'Abd Allah b. Umar. | When Tawwabun were defeated, al-Mukhtar wrote letters to their survivors and asked them to join him. They agreed with al-Mukhtar's request and expressed their readiness to attack the prison and release al-Mukhtar. Al-Mukhtar asked them to hold on, since he would be released a few days later. He wrote a letter to [['Abd Allah b. Umar]] who was the husband of his sister, [[Safiyya bt. Abi Ubayd]] and asked him to intercede for his release. Thus, al-Mukhtar was released with the help of 'Abd Allah b. Umar. | ||
The ruler of Kufa, released al-Mukhtar on the condition that he would take no actions against the government and swear that if he did so, he would slaughter | The ruler of Kufa, released al-Mukhtar on the condition that he would take no actions against the government and swear that if he did so, he would slaughter one thousand camels and emancipate all his slaves, both males and females. Al-Mukhtar swore and was released from the prison. | ||
When he was released, he told his companions: "to slaughter | When he was released, he told his companions: "to slaughter one thousand camels is nothing in comparison to my goal. I prefer to achieve my goal and have no slaves."<ref>Ibn Miskawayh, ''Tajārib al-umam'', vol. 2, p. 137.</ref> | ||
==Preparations== | ==Preparations== | ||
| Line 182: | Line 182: | ||
Ibrahim's army consisted of 12000 people, 8000 of which were Iranians and 4000 were Arabs.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 334.</ref> On some accounts, Ibrahim's army consisted of 20,000 to 30,000 people.<ref>Dīnawarī, ''Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 293.</ref> | Ibrahim's army consisted of 12000 people, 8000 of which were Iranians and 4000 were Arabs.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 334.</ref> On some accounts, Ibrahim's army consisted of 20,000 to 30,000 people.<ref>Dīnawarī, ''Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 293.</ref> | ||
Ibrahim's army met with Ibn Ziyad's army consisting of | Ibrahim's army met with Ibn Ziyad's army consisting of eighty thousand people around Mosul.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 6, p. 363.</ref> The [[Battle of Khazir|battle]] ended with the victory of Ibrahim, and people such as 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad, [[al-Husayn b. Numayr]], and [[Shurahbil b. Dhi l-Kila']] were killed.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 6, p. 426.</ref> 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad was killed on the [[Ashura]] of [[67]]/686.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 383.</ref> | ||
'Ubayad Allah b. Ziyad's corpse was burned,<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 6, p. 426.</ref> and his head was taken to al-Mukhtar in Kufa. He sent the head to [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya]] in [[Medina]].<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 386.</ref> | 'Ubayad Allah b. Ziyad's corpse was burned,<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 6, p. 426.</ref> and his head was taken to al-Mukhtar in Kufa. He sent the head to [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya]] in [[Medina]].<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 386.</ref> | ||
| Line 189: | Line 189: | ||
==Al-Khashabiyya Army== | ==Al-Khashabiyya Army== | ||
[['Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr]] imprisoned Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya, [['Abd Allah b. al-'Abbas]], and | [['Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr]] imprisoned Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya, [['Abd Allah b. al-'Abbas]], and seventeen people from [[Banu Hashim]], including [[al-Hasan al-Muthanna]] in a cave called "Shi'b al-'Arim" and threatened that he will throw them into fire if they do not pledge their allegiance to him. In order to justify his brother's threatening, [['Urwa b. al-Zubayr]] said that "he did this in order to unify Muslims and make them (Banu Hashim) obey him and prevent divisions in the Islamic community, as [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] did this to Banu Hashim when they delayed their allegiance to [[Abu Bakr b. Abi Quhafa]]."<ref>Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 20, p. 147.</ref> | ||
Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya sent a message to al-Mukhtar and asked him for help. Al-Mukhtar sent an army to [[Mecca]] whose only weapons were wooden sticks, and so they released the Banu Hashim. This army came to be known as "al-Khashabiyya", that is, holders of woods. Their wooden weapons were with the intention to respect Mecca and not enter this holy city with swords. | Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya sent a message to al-Mukhtar and asked him for help. Al-Mukhtar sent an army to [[Mecca]] whose only weapons were wooden sticks, and so they released the Banu Hashim. This army came to be known as "al-Khashabiyya", that is, holders of woods. Their wooden weapons were with the intention to respect Mecca and not enter this holy city with swords. | ||
| Line 205: | Line 205: | ||
==Al-Mukhtar's Murder== | ==Al-Mukhtar's Murder== | ||
Al-Mukhtar and | Al-Mukhtar and nineteen other people went out of the palace. After an unjust war, al-Mukhtar was killed on [[Ramadan 14]], [[67]] ([[April 3]], 687).<ref>Qummī, ''Tārīkh-i Qom'', p. 290.</ref> | ||
Companions of al-Mukhtar who were killed with him included 'Abd Allah and 'Abd al-Rahman, the sons of [[Hujr b. 'Adi]],<ref>Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''al-Iṣāba'', vol. 2, p. 34.</ref> and [[Sa'ib b. Malik al-Ash'ari]], the ancestor of [[Ash'ariyyun]] in [[Qom]].<ref>Qummī, ''Tārīkh-i Qom'', p. 290.</ref> | Companions of al-Mukhtar who were killed with him included 'Abd Allah and 'Abd al-Rahman, the sons of [[Hujr b. 'Adi]],<ref>Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''al-Iṣāba'', vol. 2, p. 34.</ref> and [[Sa'ib b. Malik al-Ash'ari]], the ancestor of [[Ash'ariyyun]] in [[Qom]].<ref>Qummī, ''Tārīkh-i Qom'', p. 290.</ref> | ||
| Line 212: | Line 212: | ||
People who did not comply with al-Mukhtar's order to be honorably killed in a confrontation with Mus'ab's army were all arrested after al-Mukhtar's murder and were decapitated.<ref>Ibn al-Jawzī, ''al-Muntaẓam'', vol. 6, p. 66.</ref> | People who did not comply with al-Mukhtar's order to be honorably killed in a confrontation with Mus'ab's army were all arrested after al-Mukhtar's murder and were decapitated.<ref>Ibn al-Jawzī, ''al-Muntaẓam'', vol. 6, p. 66.</ref> | ||
One day, Mus'ab met [['Abd Allah b. 'Umar]]. 'Abd Allah told him: "you are the one who killed | One day, Mus'ab met [['Abd Allah b. 'Umar]]. 'Abd Allah told him: "you are the one who killed six thousand Muslims in one day", Mus'ab replied: "they were not Muslims", 'Abd Allah said: "even if you had killed six thousand of your father's sheep, it would be a squander and would be forbidden, let alone six thousand Muslims."<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 6, p. 445; Ibn Kathīr, ''al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'', vol. 8, p. 289.</ref> | ||
==Murder of al-Mukhtar's Wife== | ==Murder of al-Mukhtar's Wife== | ||