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[[File:حزب الله.jpg| | [[File:حزب الله.jpg|thumb|330px|The flag of Hezbullah that depicts a stylized representation of the Arabic words حزب الله (ḥizbu-llāh, meaning "Party of God") in Kufic script.]] | ||
'''Hezbollah''' (Arabic: {{ia|حِزْبُ الله}}) or the Islamic Resistance in [[Lebanon]] is a [[Shia]] Islamic political and military organization that was founded in Lebanon in 1982. Its primary objective was to resist the occupation of the Zionist regime. | '''Hezbollah''' (Arabic: {{ia|حِزْبُ الله}}) or the Islamic Resistance in [[Lebanon]] is a [[Shia]] Islamic political and military organization that was founded in Lebanon in 1982. Its primary objective was to resist the occupation of the Zionist regime. | ||
[[Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah]] currently serves as the secretary general of Hezbollah. Prior to his leadership, [[Subhi al-Tufayli]] and [[Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi]] held the position. Throughout its existence, Hezbollah has been involved in multiple military conflicts with Israel, with the most notable being the [[33-day war]] in 2006. This war was initiated by Israel with the aim of disarming Hezbollah and rescuing two Israeli military personnel captured during a Hezbollah operation known as "al-Wa'd al-Sadiq" (the True Promise). Hezbollah has also actively engaged in combat against the terrorist group [[ISIS]] in defense of the Syrian government. In addition to its military activities, Hezbollah is involved in various cultural, social, and political endeavors. The Al-Manar TV Network serves as a media outlet affiliated with Hezbollah. | [[Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah]] currently serves as the secretary general of Hezbollah. Prior to his leadership, [[Subhi al-Tufayli]] and [[Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi]] held the position. Throughout its existence, Hezbollah has been involved in multiple military conflicts with Israel, with the most notable being the [[33-day war]] in 2006. | ||
This war was initiated by Israel with the aim of disarming Hezbollah and rescuing two Israeli military personnel captured during a Hezbollah operation known as "al-Wa'd al-Sadiq" (the True Promise). Hezbollah has also actively engaged in combat against the terrorist group [[ISIS]] in defense of the Syrian government. In addition to its military activities, Hezbollah is involved in various cultural, social, and political endeavors. The Al-Manar TV Network serves as a media outlet affiliated with Hezbollah. | |||
==History and Grounds of Formation== | ==History and Grounds of Formation== | ||
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===Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah=== | ===Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah=== | ||
[[File:Al-sayyid Hasan NasrAllah 1.jpg| | [[File:Al-sayyid Hasan NasrAllah 1.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah]]]] | ||
{{main|Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah}} | {{main|Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah}} | ||
Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah (born in 1960) is the third Secretary General of Hezbollah in Lebanon. He served as the executive manager of Hezbollah for a while and was among its founding members. Nasrallah assumed the position of Secretary General in 1992 and has held it since then. Under his leadership, Hezbollah successfully compelled Israel to withdraw from parts of the occupied territories in southern [[Lebanon]] in 2000 and liberated Lebanese prisoners. | Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah (born in 1960) is the third Secretary General of Hezbollah in Lebanon. He served as the executive manager of Hezbollah for a while and was among its founding members. Nasrallah assumed the position of Secretary General in 1992 and has held it since then. Under his leadership, Hezbollah successfully compelled Israel to withdraw from parts of the occupied territories in southern [[Lebanon]] in 2000 and liberated Lebanese prisoners. | ||
===Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi=== | ===Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi=== | ||
[[File:السيد عباس الموسوي.jpg| | [[File:السيد عباس الموسوي.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi]]]] | ||
Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi was a founding member of Hezbollah and served as its second Secretary General. He assumed the position in 1989 when Subhi al-Tufayli was removed from leadership. Prior to his role in Hezbollah, he had actively fought against the Zionist regime of Israel alongside Palestinian forces. His tenure as Secretary General lasted less than nine months. On February 16, 1992, his car was targeted in a terrorist attack carried out by Israeli helicopters. As a result of this attack, Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi, along with his wife and child, were martyred. | Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi was a founding member of Hezbollah and served as its second Secretary General. He assumed the position in 1989 when Subhi al-Tufayli was removed from leadership. Prior to his role in Hezbollah, he had actively fought against the Zionist regime of Israel alongside Palestinian forces. His tenure as Secretary General lasted less than nine months. On February 16, 1992, his car was targeted in a terrorist attack carried out by Israeli helicopters. As a result of this attack, Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi, along with his wife and child, were martyred. | ||
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===Imad Mughniyeh=== | ===Imad Mughniyeh=== | ||
[[File:عماد مغنیه.jpg| | [[File:عماد مغنیه.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Imad Mughniyeh]]]] | ||
[[Imad Mughniyeh]], also known as al-Hajj Radwan, was a prominent commander of Hezbollah. He held the responsibility of commanding the guard that protected high-ranking Hezbollah officials and was also in charge of overseeing special operations conducted by the organization. Notably, he played a key role in planning and leading the al-Wa'd al-Sadiq (True Promise) operation, and served as a field commander for Hezbollah during the 33-day war against Israel. Imad Mughniyeh was assassinated by Israel in [[Damascus]] on February 12, 2008. | [[Imad Mughniyeh]], also known as al-Hajj Radwan, was a prominent commander of Hezbollah. He held the responsibility of commanding the guard that protected high-ranking Hezbollah officials and was also in charge of overseeing special operations conducted by the organization. Notably, he played a key role in planning and leading the al-Wa'd al-Sadiq (True Promise) operation, and served as a field commander for Hezbollah during the 33-day war against Israel. Imad Mughniyeh was assassinated by Israel in [[Damascus]] on February 12, 2008. | ||
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===April 1996 Conflicts=== | ===April 1996 Conflicts=== | ||
[[File:حزبالله در 16 آپریل 1996.jpg| | [[File:حزبالله در 16 آپریل 1996.jpg|300px|thumb|Hezbollah forces on April 16, 1996]] | ||
On April 11, 1996, Israel initiated a military operation called the Grapes of Wrath, targeting Lebanon. This operation was marked by several significant incidents, including the four murders in Sohmor on the second day, an attack on the Mansouri ambulance on the third day, and the attacks in Nabatiyeh and Qana on the seventh day. These attacks resulted in the loss of 25 lives, including 14 members of Hezbollah. The Grapes of Wrath operation lasted for 16 days. However, eventually, both parties reached an agreement known as the April Agreement. Under the April Agreement, Israel committed to refraining from targeting civilians and agreed to exclusively engage resistance forces in its military operations. | On April 11, 1996, Israel initiated a military operation called the Grapes of Wrath, targeting Lebanon. This operation was marked by several significant incidents, including the four murders in Sohmor on the second day, an attack on the Mansouri ambulance on the third day, and the attacks in Nabatiyeh and Qana on the seventh day. These attacks resulted in the loss of 25 lives, including 14 members of Hezbollah. The Grapes of Wrath operation lasted for 16 days. However, eventually, both parties reached an agreement known as the April Agreement. Under the April Agreement, Israel committed to refraining from targeting civilians and agreed to exclusively engage resistance forces in its military operations. | ||
===Operation Ansariya=== | ===Operation Ansariya=== | ||
Hezbollah carried out Operation Ansariya on September 5, 1992, in response to an Israeli marine commando | Hezbollah carried out Operation Ansariya on September 5, 1992, in response to an Israeli marine commando aggression in Lebanese territory. During the operation, 17 Israeli commandos were killed or injured by Hezbollah forces. | ||
===Liberation of Resistance Prisoners=== | ===Liberation of Resistance Prisoners=== | ||
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==Media== | ==Media== | ||
[[File:المنار.jpg| | [[File:المنار.jpg|180 px|thumb|The logo of Al-Manar Television Network affiliated with Hezbollah in Lebanon]] | ||
* Al-Manar Television Network: established in 1991. | * Al-Manar Television Network: established in 1991. | ||
* Al-Nour Radio (http://www.alnour.com.lb), established in 1988. | * Al-Nour Radio (http://www.alnour.com.lb), established in 1988. | ||