Umm Salama: Difference between revisions

She accepted [[Islam]] in the first years of the [[Bi'tha]] and immigrated to [[Abyssinia]] with a group of Muslims led by [[Ja'far b. Abi Talib]] following the order of the Prophet (s). In [[4]]/625, after her husband died, she married the Prophet (s). Most historians have mentioned that she passed away after the [[Event of 'Ashura]].

The name of her father was Abu Umayya b. Mughira and the name of her mother was [['Atikah bt. 'Amir b. Rabi'a al-Kinani|'Atikah]]. Some sources have said that her mother was a daughter of [['Abd al-Muttalib]], but most historians believe that she was a daughter of [['Amir b. Rabi'a al-Kinani]].

Her love for the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] was to such an extent that she was assigned to take care of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] in childhood; and after his [[martyrdom]] by [[Yazid b. Mu'awiya|Yazid]], she mourned a lot for Imam al-Husayn (a).

Before traveling to [[Karbala]], [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] trusted the [[Prophet (s)|Prophet's (s)]] standard and weapon as the [[Trusts of Imamate]] to her to keep them safe. This shows her special position before [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. According to some reports, the Prophet (s) had given a little of the [[Turba of Imam al-Husayn (a)|soil of Karbala]] and she kept it in a jar. The Prophet (s) had told her that, "when you saw that this soil turned to blood, my son al-Husayn (a) is martyred. One day, she dreamt the Prophet (s) with a sad face and wearing dusty clothes and he (s) told her, "we are coming from the [[burial]] of the martyrs." She just woke up and went to that jar and found it bloody and learned that Husayn (a) was martyred. Then, she began crying and mourning and when neighbors came, she told them the story. This story is known as the [[Hadith of Qarura]].

After [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] accepted peace with [[Mu'awiya]], Umm Salama advised her nephew and [[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]] to accept [[allegiance]] with Mu'awiya in order to keep their lives.

But Jabir would not keep silent and after Mu'awiya issued an order that speakers had to curse [[Imam Ali (a)]] on pulpits in [[mosque]]s, Jabir wrote a letter to Mu'awiya and severely admonished him.

There is disagreement on the year of her demise, as it has been reported between [[59]]/678-679 to [[62]]/681-682; but it seems that 62/681-682 could be most accurate; since she was alive after the martyrdom of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. Therefore she was the last wife of the Prophet (s) who passed away.

It has been reported by her son, 'Umar, that she was 84 years old when she passed away. Her grave is located in [[al-Baqi' cemetery]] beside the graves of other noble Muslims of the early Islam.

Umm Salama narrated many hadiths from the [[Prophet (s)]] which are recorded in hadith references of both [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]]. The Number of her hadiths are 378 which collected in a collection called [[Musnad of Umm Salama]].

*The cause of [[revelation]] of the [[Verse of Tathir|Verse of Taṭhir]]

*[[Hadith al-Kisa']]

*The Prophet's (s) hadith regarding the [[event of Karbala|events of Karbala]] and the martyrdom of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]]

Umm Salama also narrated hadiths from [[Abu Salama|Abu Salama b. 'Abd al-Asad]] and Lady [[Fatima (a)]] and many people have learned hadiths from her and have transmitted them whose names are recorded in hadith references.

When [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] went out of [[Medina]] towards [[Mecca]], he (a) trusted the [[Trusts of Imamate]] to Umm Salama. After [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] returned from [[Karbala]], Umm Salama gave [[Imam 'Ali (a)|Imam Ali's (a)]] books of knowledge, Signs and possessions of Imams (a) trusted to her to Imam al-Sajjad (a) and this is a good proof of her trustworthiness of Umm Salama before Imams (a).

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== References ==