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[[File:Jamkaran Mosque, 15th of Sha'ban.jpg| | [[File:Jamkaran Mosque, 15th of Sha'ban.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Sha'ban 15th]] celebration in [[Jamkaran Mosque]]]] | ||
'''Shaʿbāniyya holidays''' are celebrated during the month of [[Sha'ban]] and mark the birthdays of several [[ | '''Shaʿbāniyya holidays''' are celebrated during the month of [[Sha'ban]] and mark the birthdays of several [[Imams of the Shia]] and [[Imamzada]]s. | ||
According to sources, [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] was born on the [[Sha'ban 3|third]]<ref>Ibn al-Mashhadī, ''al-Mazār'', p. 397; Ṭūsī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid'', p. 826, 828; Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl'', p. 689-690.</ref> or [[Sha'ban 5|fifth of Sha'ban]]<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 27.</ref> | |||
According to sources, [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] was born on the [[Sha'ban 3|third]]<ref>Ibn al-Mashhadī, ''al-Mazār'', p. 397; Ṭūsī, ''Miṣbāḥ al-mutahajjid'', p. 826, 828; Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl'', p. 689-690.</ref> or [[Sha'ban 5|fifth of Sha'ban]].<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 27.</ref> [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] was born on either the fifth<ref>Irbilī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 2, p. 73.</ref> or [[Sha'ban 9||ninth]] of the same month,<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 256; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib'', vol. 4, p. 175.</ref> while [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]] was born on the [[Sha'ban 15|15th]].<ref>See: Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 514; Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 339; Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-dīn'', vol. 2, p. 424.</ref> However, some sources suggest that [['Ali al-Akbar (a)]] was born on the [[Sha'ban 11|11th]]<ref>Muqarram, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', p. 267.</ref> while [[al-'Abbas (a)]] was born on the [[Sha'ban 4|fourth of Sha'ban]].<ref>Urdūbādī, ''Ḥayāt Abī l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās'', p. 64.</ref> It's worth mentioning that different sources record different dates for the births of Imam al-Sajjad (a)<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 256; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib'', vol. 4, p. 175.</ref> and Imam al-Mahdi (a).<ref>Irbilī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 2, p. 437.</ref> | |||
Additionally, earlier sources do not mention the exact dates of the births of al-'Abbas (a)<ref>Urdūbādī, ''Ḥayāt Abī l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās'', p. 64.</ref> and 'Ali al-Akbar (a).<ref>Mīr, ''ʿAlī b. Ḥusayn''.</ref> | |||
[[Shia|Shia Muslims]] during these days celebrate by adorning the streets, [[mosques]], and shrines of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]], reciting hymns and praises to the Imams (a), and holding feasts. The largest of these celebrations in [[Iran]] occurs on the eve of the [[fifteenth of Sha'ban]] at [[Jamkaran Mosque]].<ref>[https://www.isna.ir/news/1401121612228/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%B4%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8% An overview of Sha'baniyya celebrations across the country (Persian).]</ref> In [[Iraq]], Shia Muslims also observe the festivities of the eve of Sha'ban, often embarking on foot pilgrimages to visit the [[shrine of Imam Husayn (a)|shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. Shia communities in Islamic countries such as [[Bahrain]], [[Egypt]], [[India]], and other countries also hold these Sha'ban celebrations.<ref>[https://www.qomnews.ir/fa/news/30436 The tradition of celebrating mid of Sha'ban in the countries of the Islamic world (Persian).]</ref> | [[Shia|Shia Muslims]] during these days celebrate by adorning the streets, [[mosques]], and shrines of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]], reciting hymns and praises to the Imams (a), and holding feasts. The largest of these celebrations in [[Iran]] occurs on the eve of the [[fifteenth of Sha'ban]] at [[Jamkaran Mosque]].<ref>[https://www.isna.ir/news/1401121612228/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%B4%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8% An overview of Sha'baniyya celebrations across the country (Persian).]</ref> In [[Iraq]], Shia Muslims also observe the festivities of the eve of Sha'ban, often embarking on foot pilgrimages to visit the [[shrine of Imam Husayn (a)|shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. Shia communities in Islamic countries such as [[Bahrain]], [[Egypt]], [[India]], and other countries also hold these Sha'ban celebrations.<ref>[https://www.qomnews.ir/fa/news/30436 The tradition of celebrating mid of Sha'ban in the countries of the Islamic world (Persian).]</ref> | ||
The Iranian calendar recognizes some of these birthdates as national holidays: | The Iranian calendar recognizes some of these birthdates as national holidays: | ||
*The 3rd of Sha'ban celebrates Imam al-Husayn's (a) birthday, referred to as Guards Day. | * The 3rd of Sha'ban celebrates Imam al-Husayn's (a) birthday, referred to as Guards Day. | ||
*The 4th of Sha'ban marks Disabled Veterans Day, linked to al-'Abbas' (a) birthday. | * The 4th of Sha'ban marks Disabled Veterans Day, linked to al-'Abbas' (a) birthday. | ||
*The 5th honors Imam al-Sajjad's (a) birthday as the Day of [[Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya]]. | * The 5th honors Imam al-Sajjad's (a) birthday as the Day of [[Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya]]. | ||
*The 11th observes Youth Day in honor of Ali al-Akbar's (a) birth. | * The 11th observes Youth Day in honor of Ali al-Akbar's (a) birth. | ||
*Lastly, the 15th is celebrated as the World Day of the Impoverished, commemorating Imam Mahdi's (a) birthday. | * Lastly, the 15th is celebrated as the World Day of the Impoverished, commemorating Imam Mahdi's (a) birthday. | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{ | {{notes}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{references}} | {{references}} | ||
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* Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1367 Sh. | * Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl''. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1367 Sh. | ||
* Irbilī, ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā al-. ''Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma''. Tabriz: Maktabat Banī Hāshimī, 1381 AH. | * Irbilī, ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā al-. ''Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma''. Tabriz: Maktabat Banī Hāshimī, 1381 AH. | ||
* Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī | * Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. ''Al-Kāfī''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad Ākhūndī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH. | ||
* Mīr, Muḥammad ʿAlī. ''ʿAlī b. Ḥusayn''. In ''Dānishnāma-yi Jahān-i Islām''. Tehran: Bunyād-i Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Islāmī, [n.d]. | * Mīr, Muḥammad ʿAlī. ''ʿAlī b. Ḥusayn''. In ''Dānishnāma-yi Jahān-i Islām''. Tehran: Bunyād-i Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Islāmī, [n.d]. | ||
* Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. ''Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād''. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH. | * Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. ''Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād''. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH. | ||
* Muqarram, ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-. ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn | * Muqarram, ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-. ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn wa ḥadith Karbalā''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Khirsān li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1426 AH. | ||
* Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Kamāl al-dīn wa itmām al-niʿma''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1395 AH. | * Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. ''Kamāl al-dīn wa itmām al-niʿma''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1395 AH. | ||
* Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā''. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1390 AH. | * Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā''. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1390 AH. | ||