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Verse of Isti'adha: Difference between revisions
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| Related Verses = [[Qur'an 7:204]] | | Related Verses = [[Qur'an 7:204]] | ||
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The '''Verse of Istiʿādha''' (Arabic: {{ia|آيَة الإسْتِعٰاذَة}}) states that when [[Tilawa|reciting the Qur'an]], one should seek refuge in [[God]] from Satan's [[Satan's temptations|temptations]] to be protected from mistakes. [[Isti'adha]] means seeking refuge, | The '''Verse of Istiʿādha''' (Arabic: {{ia|آيَة الإسْتِعٰاذَة}}) states that when [[Tilawa|reciting the Qur'an]], one should seek refuge in [[God]] from Satan's [[Satan's temptations|temptations]] to be protected from mistakes. [[Isti'adha]] means seeking refuge, which has been considered the refuge of the heart; that is, a person should feel in his heart that he has taken refuge in God. | ||
[[Jurists]], referring to this verse, consider saying, "I seek refuge in Allah against the outcast Satan" [[Mustahabb|recommended]] when reciting the [[Qur'an]] and starting the [[prayer]]. In some [[hadiths]], other expressions have also been mentioned for "isti'adha", such as "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from the outcast Satan." | [[Jurists]], referring to this verse, consider saying, "I seek refuge in Allah against the outcast Satan" [[Mustahabb|recommended]] when reciting the [[Qur'an]] and starting the [[prayer]]. In some [[hadiths]], other expressions have also been mentioned for "isti'adha", such as "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from the outcast Satan." | ||
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==Interpretation== | ==Interpretation== | ||
According to [[Al-Fadl b. al-Hasan al-Tabrisi|Tabrisi]] (d. 548/1153-4), one at a lower position seeking refuge from one at a higher position is in a submissive manner. The meaning of "isti'adha" in the verse mentioned above is that when reciting the Qur'an, one should seek refuge in God from the temptations of [[Satan]] to be safe from slips and mistakes.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 6, p. 593.</ref> [['Allama Tabataba'i]] (d. 1981) considered this refuge as the refuge of the heart;<ref>Ṭabāṭabāʾī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 12, p. 343-344.</ref> i.e., a person should feel in his heart that he has taken refuge in God and | According to [[Al-Fadl b. al-Hasan al-Tabrisi|Tabrisi]] (d. 548/1153-4), one at a lower position seeking refuge from one at a higher position is in a submissive manner. The meaning of "isti'adha" in the verse mentioned above is that when reciting the Qur'an, one should seek refuge in God from the temptations of [[Satan]] to be safe from slips and mistakes.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Majmaʿ al-bayān'', vol. 6, p. 593.</ref> [['Allama Tabataba'i]] (d. 1981) considered this refuge as the refuge of the heart;<ref>Ṭabāṭabāʾī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 12, p. 343-344.</ref> i.e., a person should feel in his heart that he has taken refuge in God and separate from the vain desires that hinder correct understanding rather than just saying it with his tongue.<ref>Makārim Shīrāzī, ''Tafsīr-i nimūna'', vol. 11, p. 397.</ref> Of course, verbal expression of isti'adha is considered a prelude to creating that heart condition.<ref>Ṭabāṭabāʾī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 12, p. 343-344.</ref> | ||
Some [[exegetes]] of the Qur'an have considered the reason for mentioning the adjective "rajim" [outcast] for Satan to remember his arrogance and violation of God's command, which implies that upon reciting the Qur'an, one should keep away arrogance, [[Hubris|pride]], and [[prejudice]] so that he does not suffer a fate like Satan.<ref> Najafī Khomeinī, ''Tafsīr-i āsān'', vol. 9, p. 292.</ref> | Some [[exegetes]] of the Qur'an have considered the reason for mentioning the adjective "rajim" [outcast] for Satan to remember his arrogance and violation of God's command, which implies that upon reciting the Qur'an, one should keep away arrogance, [[Hubris|pride]], and [[prejudice]] so that he does not suffer a fate like Satan.<ref> Najafī Khomeinī, ''Tafsīr-i āsān'', vol. 9, p. 292.</ref> | ||