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Al-Ma'mun: Difference between revisions
→Asigning Imam al-Rida (a) as Successor
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In order to protect himself against the threats of the 'Alawis forever and to establish his government in Khorasan where people loved Ahl al-Bayt (a), al-Ma'mun pretended that he was an advocate of Ahl al-Bayt (a). Thus, he invited Imam al-Rida (a) from Medina to Merv and pretended that he would abandon caliphate and surrender it to the most virtuous person from the progeny of 'Ali (a), that is, Imam al-Rida (a). When the Imam (a) rejected the offer to take over the caliphate, al-Ma'mun forced him to accept his succession.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Zindigānī-yi sīyāsī-yi hashtumīn Imām'', p. 141.</ref> | In order to protect himself against the threats of the 'Alawis forever and to establish his government in Khorasan where people loved Ahl al-Bayt (a), al-Ma'mun pretended that he was an advocate of Ahl al-Bayt (a). Thus, he invited Imam al-Rida (a) from Medina to Merv and pretended that he would abandon caliphate and surrender it to the most virtuous person from the progeny of 'Ali (a), that is, Imam al-Rida (a). When the Imam (a) rejected the offer to take over the caliphate, al-Ma'mun forced him to accept his succession.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Zindigānī-yi sīyāsī-yi hashtumīn Imām'', p. 141.</ref> | ||
Al-Ma'mun did not really intend to assign the caliphate to Imam al-Rida (a); he only wanted to appoint the Imam (a) as the caliph and then take the control of everything by himself.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Zindigānī-yi sīyāsī-yi hashtumīn Imām'', p. 161.</ref> When Imam al-Rida (a) had to accept the succession of al-Ma'mun in 201/816, people pledged their allegiance to him. At the command of al-Ma'mun, the Imam (a) was given the title "al-Rida", coins were minted in his name, wages and awards of the army and statesmen were given with these coins,<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 2, p. 441.</ref> and black clothes, which were signs of the Abbasids, were replaced by green clothes which were signs of the 'Alawis as the official clothes of the Abbasid caliphate.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 367; Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-yaʿqūbī'', p. 460. </ref> With this policy, al-Ma'mun pretended that the slogan, "al-Rida min Al Muhammad" (al-Rida is from Muhammad's household) with which Abbasids called people to themselves was now realized by the succession of someone who is an instance of "al-Rida", and so there is no reason to start uprisings. This policy led to a remarkable decrease of Alawi uprisings.<ref>Laythī, ''Jahād al-Shīʿa fī l-ʿaṣr al-ʿabbāsī al-awwal'', p. 413-414.</ref> | Al-Ma'mun did not really intend to assign the caliphate to Imam al-Rida (a); he only wanted to appoint the Imam (a) as the caliph and then take the control of everything by himself.<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''Zindigānī-yi sīyāsī-yi hashtumīn Imām'', p. 161.</ref> When Imam al-Rida (a) had to accept the succession of al-Ma'mun in 201/816-7, people pledged their allegiance to him. At the command of al-Ma'mun, the Imam (a) was given the title "al-Rida", coins were minted in his name, wages and awards of the army and statesmen were given with these coins,<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 2, p. 441.</ref> and black clothes, which were signs of the Abbasids, were replaced by green clothes which were signs of the 'Alawis as the official clothes of the Abbasid caliphate.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 367; Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-yaʿqūbī'', p. 460. </ref> With this policy, al-Ma'mun pretended that the slogan, "al-Rida min Al Muhammad" (al-Rida is from Muhammad's household) with which Abbasids called people to themselves was now realized by the succession of someone who is an instance of "al-Rida", and so there is no reason to start uprisings. This policy led to a remarkable decrease of Alawi uprisings.<ref>Laythī, ''Jahād al-Shīʿa fī l-ʿaṣr al-ʿabbāsī al-awwal'', p. 413-414.</ref> | ||
===Concession of Some Areas to the 'Alawis=== | ===Concession of Some Areas to the 'Alawis=== | ||