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Narjis (نرجس) is the name of [[Imam Hasan ‘Askari]]’s wife. She was the mother of [[Imam Mahdi]] (a). She was also called: Malika, Rayhana and Susan. | {{under construction}} | ||
'''Narjis''' (نرجس) is the name of [[Imam Hasan ‘Askari]]’s wife. She was the mother of [[Imam Mahdi]] (a). She was also called: Malika, Rayhana and Susan. | |||
==Her Name== | ==Her Name== | ||
[[Mas’udi]] is the first historian who has reported about the mother of Imam Mahdi (a). According to his report, Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was a slave woman named Narjis. [[Shaykh Tusi]] narrated a hadith which says that her name was Rayhana but it follows that she was also called Narjis, Sayqal and Susan. | [[Mas’udi]] is the first historian who has reported about the mother of Imam Mahdi (a). According to his report, Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was a slave woman named Narjis. [[Shaykh Tusi]] narrated a hadith which says that her name was Rayhana but it follows that she was also called Narjis, Sayqal and Susan. | ||
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However, this narration loses its authenticity afterward and looks more like fairy tales. It continues that the mother of 12th Imam was Malika bint Yusha’ the grand-daughter of Caesar from his daughter, and her mother was a descendant of Simon, the disciple of [[Jesus]]. When Malika was in his grand-father’s palace, she dreamed [[Mary]], Jesus’s mother, and Lady [[Fatima (s)]], the Prophet’s (s) daughter. Lady Fatima (s) invited her to embrace [[Islam]] and convinced her to let herself to be captured by Muslims. | However, this narration loses its authenticity afterward and looks more like fairy tales. It continues that the mother of 12th Imam was Malika bint Yusha’ the grand-daughter of Caesar from his daughter, and her mother was a descendant of Simon, the disciple of [[Jesus]]. When Malika was in his grand-father’s palace, she dreamed [[Mary]], Jesus’s mother, and Lady [[Fatima (s)]], the Prophet’s (s) daughter. Lady Fatima (s) invited her to embrace [[Islam]] and convinced her to let herself to be captured by Muslims. | ||
==Criticism of this Hadith== | ==Criticism of this Hadith== | ||
Authenticity of this narration have been questioned from several aspects. The most dubious point is the last part. | Authenticity of this narration have been questioned from several aspects. The most dubious point is the last part. | ||
Frist, there was no major conflict between Abbasid and Romans after [[242/856]] and there is no report in the sources that the Roman Emperor asked Abbasid to free her grand-daughter. | Frist, there was no major conflict between Abbasid and Romans after [[242/856]] and there is no report in the sources that the Roman Emperor asked Abbasid to free her grand-daughter. | ||
Second, early authors such as [[Qumi]], [[Nawbakhti]], [[Kulayni]] and [[Mas’udi]] who were contemporaneous with [[Shaybani]] (the narrator of the hadith) did not mention this hadith in their works. Also, [[Kashshi]], who was acquainted with Shaybani, asserts that he was from [[Ghulat]]. | Second, early authors such as [[Qumi]], [[Nawbakhti]], [[Kulayni]] and [[Mas’udi]] who were contemporaneous with [[Shaybani]] (the narrator of the hadith) did not mention this hadith in their works. Also, [[Kashshi]], who was acquainted with Shaybani, asserts that he was from [[Ghulat]]. | ||
Third, Kulayni reported that Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was a slave woman from [[Nawba]], northern province of Sudan. | Third, Kulayni reported that Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was a slave woman from [[Nawba]], northern province of Sudan. | ||
Additionally, [[Nu’mani]] and [[Saduq]] have narrated other hadiths which say that she was a black slave woman. | Additionally, [[Nu’mani]] and [[Saduq]] have narrated other hadiths which say that she was a black slave woman. | ||
But why later Shi’a scholars ignored these hadiths and believed that Shaybani’s hadith is authentic? It is possible that it was because Shaybani’s hadith implies that Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was from a noble family and a high social rank. | But why later Shi’a scholars ignored these hadiths and believed that Shaybani’s hadith is authentic? It is possible that it was because Shaybani’s hadith implies that Imam Mahdi’s (a) mother was from a noble family and a high social rank. | ||
Also, the relation between Imam Mahdi (a) and Jesus in this hadith fascinated them, because there are some hadiths from the Prophet (s) which imply that they both rise up together and save the world from injustice and tyrannies. | Also, the relation between Imam Mahdi (a) and Jesus in this hadith fascinated them, because there are some hadiths from the Prophet (s) which imply that they both rise up together and save the world from injustice and tyrannies. | ||
According to the three previously mentioned points, one can reject Shaybani’s hadith; although [[Shaykh Tusi]] and [[Ibn Rustam Tabari]] authenticated it. | According to the three previously mentioned points, one can reject Shaybani’s hadith; although [[Shaykh Tusi]] and [[Ibn Rustam Tabari]] authenticated it. | ||
Apparently, [[Shaykh Mufid]] has narrated a [[sahih hadith]] about the mother of Imam Mahdi (a). He narrated: “she was a slave women who brought up in the house of Hakima, Imam Hadi’s sister, and when Imam saw her face, foretold that she will bear a child by the special blessing of God.” | Apparently, [[Shaykh Mufid]] has narrated a [[sahih hadith]] about the mother of Imam Mahdi (a). He narrated: “she was a slave women who brought up in the house of Hakima, Imam Hadi’s sister, and when Imam saw her face, foretold that she will bear a child by the special blessing of God.” | ||
==Demise== | ==Demise== | ||
According to Shaykh Saduq, she passed away before her husband, Imam ‘Askari (a), in [[260/874]]. But according to [[Najashi]], she was alive after this year and hid in the house of [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Hamza]] who was a close companion of Imam ‘Askari (a). | According to Shaykh Saduq, she passed away before her husband, Imam ‘Askari (a), in [[260/874]]. But according to [[Najashi]], she was alive after this year and hid in the house of [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Hamza]] who was a close companion of Imam ‘Askari (a). | ||