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Eid al-Ghadir: Difference between revisions
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{{For|other uses|Ghadir (disambiguation)}} | {{For|other uses|Ghadir (disambiguation)}} | ||
[[File:Ghadir Khum by Mahmud Farshchiyan.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|"Ghadir-i Khumm", a painting by [[Mahmud Farshchiyan]] which shows the [[Prophet (s)]] giving speech to the Muslims while [[Ali (a)]] is standing next to him.]] | [[File:Ghadir Khum by Mahmud Farshchiyan.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|"Ghadir-i Khumm", a painting by [[Mahmud Farshchiyan]] which shows the [[Prophet (s)]] giving speech to the Muslims while [[Ali (a)]] is standing next to him.]] | ||
'''Eid al-Ghadīr''' (Arabic:عید الغدیر) is among important feasts and happy holidays of [[Shi'a]] held on [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]]; when according to reports, the noble [[Prophet (s)]] appointed [[Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] as his [[caliph]] and the [[Imam]] after himself following an order from [[God]]. That event happened in the Prophet's (s) [[Hajjat al- | '''Eid al-Ghadīr''' (Arabic:عید الغدیر) is among important feasts and happy holidays of [[Shi'a]] held on [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]]; when according to reports, the noble [[Prophet (s)]] appointed [[Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] as his [[caliph]] and the [[Imam]] after himself following an order from [[God]]. That event happened in the Prophet's (s) [[Hajjat al-Wida']] (the Farewell Hajj), in [[10]]/632 in a place called [[Ghadir Khumm]]. | ||
In [[Shi'a]] [[hadith]]s, the anniversary has been called "Eid Allah al-Akbar" (Great Eid of God),<ref>Al-Hurr al-'Amili, ''[[Wasa'il al-Shi'a]]'', vol.8, p.82</ref> Eid of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] of the Prophet (s)<ref>[[Sayyid b. Tawus]], ''[[Iqbal al-a'mal]]'', p.464</ref> and "Ashraf al-A'yad" (Most Honorable Eid).<ref>[[Al-Kulayni]], ''[[Al-Kafi]]'', vol.1, p.203</ref> Shi'a celebrate this day around the world with various customs. | In [[Shi'a]] [[hadith]]s, the anniversary has been called "Eid Allah al-Akbar" (Great Eid of God),<ref>Al-Hurr al-'Amili, ''[[Wasa'il al-Shi'a]]'', vol.8, p.82</ref> Eid of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] of the Prophet (s)<ref>[[Sayyid b. Tawus]], ''[[Iqbal al-a'mal]]'', p.464</ref> and "Ashraf al-A'yad" (Most Honorable Eid).<ref>[[Al-Kulayni]], ''[[Al-Kafi]]'', vol.1, p.203</ref> Shi'a celebrate this day around the world with various customs. | ||
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{{main|Event of Ghadir}} | {{main|Event of Ghadir}} | ||
[[File:غدیر2.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|The sight of Ghadir Khumm]] | [[File:غدیر2.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|The sight of Ghadir Khumm]] | ||
The [[Prophet (s)]] began his journey from [[Medina]] toward [[Mecca]] for [[hajj]] on | The [[Prophet (s)]] began his journey from [[Medina]] toward [[Mecca]] for [[hajj]] on [[Dhu l-Qa'da 24]] or [[Dhu l-Qa'da 25|25]] of [[10]]/632 accompanied with thousands of people.<ref>[[Al-Tabarsi]], ''[[Al-Ihtijaj]]'', vol.1, p.56; [[Al-Mufid]], ''[[Al-Irshad]]'', p.91; Al-Halabi, ''[[Al-Sirat al-Halabiyya]]'', vol.3, p.308</ref> Since that [[hajj]] was the last hajj of the Prophet (s), it was later called "[[Hajjat al-Wida']]". When hajj rituals finished and the Prophet (s) left Mecca toward Medina, they arrived at [[Ghadir Khumm]], on [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]] and In this place, [[Gabriel]] [[revelation|revealed]] the [[verse of Tabligh]] to the Prophet (s) and delivered him the order of [[God]] for appointment of [[Ali (a)]] as [[Wali]] (guardian]] and [[Wasi]] (successor) after the Prophet (s) and announcing it to people. | ||
According to [[hadith]]s, the Prophet (s) gathered people in [[Ghadir Khumm]], raised [[Ali (a)|Ali]]'s (a) hand so that everyone sees and asked, "O people! Do I not have [[wilaya]] (guardianship) over you more than you have over yourself?" People answered, "Yes, O Prophet (s)!" Then, the Prophet (s) said: | According to [[hadith]]s, the Prophet (s) gathered people in [[Ghadir Khumm]], raised [[Ali (a)|Ali]]'s (a) hand so that everyone sees and asked, "O people! Do I not have [[wilaya]] (guardianship) over you more than you have over yourself?" People answered, "Yes, O Prophet (s)!" Then, the Prophet (s) said: | ||
::"God is my wali (guardian) and I am wali of the believers; and I have wilaya over them more than they have over themselves. So anyone, I am his wali, Ali (a) is his wali." | ::"God is my wali (guardian) and I am wali of the believers; and I have wilaya over them more than they have over themselves. So anyone, I am his wali, Ali (a) is his wali." | ||
{{under revision}} | |||
Then, the Prophet (s) repeated it three times and said, "O God! Befriend and be the wali of anyone who loves Ali (a) and considers him as his wali; be the enemy of anyone who is his enemy; and assist anyone who assists him and abandon anyone who abandons him." | Then, the Prophet (s) repeated it three times and said, "O God! Befriend and be the wali of anyone who loves Ali (a) and considers him as his wali; be the enemy of anyone who is his enemy; and assist anyone who assists him and abandon anyone who abandons him." | ||
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The Prophet (s) said, | The Prophet (s) said, | ||
::"the day of Ghadir Khumm is the best | ::"the day of Ghadir Khumm is the best eid of my [[umma]] (people) and that is the day God the Almighty ordered to appoint my brother Ali b. Abi Talib (a) as the standard-bearer of my umma; so that, people will be guided by him after I pass away; and that is the day God perfected the religion and completed blessings upon my umma and chose [[Islam]] as their religion."<ref>[[Al-Saduq]], ''[[Al-Amali]]'', p.125</ref> | ||
Also, [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] said, | Also, [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] said, | ||