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Hadith al-Raya: Difference between revisions
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'''Hadīth al-rāya''' (Arabic:{{iarabic|حديث الراية}}) is a narration from [[the Prophet (s)]] regarding Imam [['Ali (a)|'Ali's (a)]] courage and bravery in [[ | '''Hadīth al-rāya''' (Arabic:{{iarabic|حديث الراية}}) is a narration from [[the Prophet (s)]] regarding Imam [['Ali (a)|'Ali's (a)]] courage and bravery in the [[Battle of Khaybar]]. This narration is a decisive proof of Imam 'Ali's (a) priority and superiority over other companions of the Prophet (s). | ||
== | ==Raya== | ||
By the time of the Prophet (s) and afterwards, a leading raya (flag), for the commander in chief, and tens of smaller flags, for the tribes and second commanders, would be given to the troops in a battle, which were carried by the most brave and powerful persons of the tribes and units.<ref>Al-Tabari,Tarikh, vol.3 p.387</ref> This kind of flag was first given to the standard-bearers in the Battle of Khaybar.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, | By the time of the Prophet (s) and afterwards, a leading raya (flag), for the commander in chief, and tens of smaller flags, for the tribes and second commanders, would be given to the troops in a battle, which were carried by the most brave and powerful persons of the tribes and units.<ref>Al-Tabari, ''al-Tarikh'', vol.3 p.387</ref> This kind of flag was first given to the standard-bearers in the Battle of Khaybar.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.2 p.77</ref> | ||
== | ==Content== | ||
In [[ | In the [[Battle of Khaybar]], [[the Prophet (s)]] first gave the flag to [[Abu Bakr]], and the next day to [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], but they failed. The Prophet (s) then said: | ||
::"Verily tomorrow, I will give the flag to one who is fond of God and His Prophet, (and God and His Prophet adore him as well). God will conquer through him, and he does not ever flee." | ::"Verily tomorrow, I will give the flag to one who is fond of God and His Prophet, (and God and His Prophet adore him as well). God will conquer through him, and he does not ever flee." | ||
Then he asked for [['Ali (a)]] whose eyes were painful, and healed him, and said: "get hold of this flag and carry it through, until God grants you conquest". 'Ali (a), carrying the flag, attacked the [[Khaybar]] fort and conquered it.<ref>Ibn Hisham, | Then he asked for [['Ali (a)]] whose eyes were painful, and healed him, and said: "get hold of this flag and carry it through, until God grants you conquest". 'Ali (a), carrying the flag, attacked the [[Khaybar]] fort and conquered it.<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sira al-Nabawiyya'', vol.2 p.334, Al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.3 p.37</ref> | ||
==Bravery of Imam 'Ali (a) in the Battle of Khaybar== | |||
The servant of the Prophet (s), [[Abu Rafi']], has said regarding the conquest of Khaybar: | |||
::"we went towards one of the forts of Khaybar in company with [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] who had the flag of the Prophet (s) in his hand. As he got close to the castle, enemy forces came out and attacked us. In the thick of the battle, a Jew struck him so as he lost his shield. 'Ali (a) then dislodged the door of the castle and using it as a shield, fought so long until God conquered the fort for him.<ref>Al-Dhahabi, ''Mizan al-i'tidal'', vol.2 p.218</ref> | |||
In [[the battle of Khaybar]], some companions of [[the Prophet (s)]], such as [[Abu Bakr]] and [['Umar b. al-Khattab|'Umar]], failed to conquer the fort of the [[Jews]] before the Prophet (s) assigned 'Ali (a) the task, so that he, killing the Jew's commander in chief; Marhab al-Khaybari, and his brother; Yasir, and some other Jew champions, and rushing into the castle, made them accept unconditional surrender.<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sira al-Nabawiyya'', vol.2 p.316</ref> | |||
==Authenticity== | |||
This hadith, which is a conclusive proof of Imam 'Ali's (a) priority and superiority over other companions of the Prophet (s), is successively reported in most Shi'a and Sunni hadith collections and history books.<ref>Al-Amin, Muhsin, ''A'yan al-Shi'a'', vol.1 p.337</ref> | |||
Some companions who have narrated the hadith are as: [['Umar b. al-Khattab]],<ref>Al-Zirikli, ''al-A'lam'', vol.5 p.203</ref> [['A'isha]],<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.8 p.39</ref> [['Abd Allah b. al-'Abbas]], [[Anas b. Malik]], and [[Jabir b. Abd Allah al-Ansari]]<ref>Al-Tabari, ''Dhayl al-mudhayyal'', p.27</ref>. | |||
The contents of hadith is reported in different words in various Sunni sources such as ''al-Sira al-Nabawiyya''<ref>Ibn Hisham, ''al-Sira al-Nabawiyya'', vol.2 p.334</ref>, ''al-Mustadrak''<ref>Al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, ''al-Mustadrak'', vol.4 p.356</ref>, ''Majma' al-zawa'id''<ref>Al-Haythami, ''Majma' al-zawa'id'', vol.9 p.108</ref>, ''Musnad Ahmad b. Hanbal''<ref>Ahmad b. Hanbal, ''Musnad Ahmad'', vol.1 p.23</ref>, ''Kanz al-'ummal''<ref>Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, ''Kanz al-'ummal'', vol.5 p.284</ref>, and ''Hilyat al-awliya''<ref>Hafiz Abu Na'im, ''Hilyat al-awliya'', vol.4 p.356</ref>. | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
[[Hadith al- | {{cb|3}} | ||
* [[Hadith al-Lawh]] | |||
[[Hadith al- | * [[Hadith al-Safina]] | ||
* [[Hadith Silsilat al-Dhahab]] | |||
[[Hadith | * [[Hadith al-Thaqalayn]] | ||
* [[Hadith al-Kisa']] | |||
[[Hadith al- | {{end}} | ||
[[Hadith al- | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| Line 44: | Line 41: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{references}} | {{references}} | ||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [ | * The material for this article is mainly taken from [[:fa:حدیث رایت|حدیث رایت]] in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
*Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir al-. n.d. ''Tarikh al- | * Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir al-. n.d. ''Tarikh al-rusul wa al-muluk''. Beirut: Mu'assisat A'alami li-l-Matbu'at. | ||
*Basri al-Zuhri, Muhammad b. Sa'd al-. n.d. '' | * Basri al-Zuhri, Muhammad b. Sa'd al-. n.d. ''Tabaqat al-kubra''. Beirut: Dar Sadir. | ||
*Ibn Hisham. n.d. ''Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya''. Cairo: Maktaba Muhammad 'Ali Sabih | * Ibn Hisham. n.d. ''Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya''. Cairo: Maktaba Muhammad 'Ali Sabih | ||
*Hakim al-Niyshaburi, Muhammad b. ' | * Hakim al-Niyshaburi, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah al-. n.d. ''Al-Mustadrak 'ala al-Sahihayn''. Ed. Yusuf 'Abd al-Rahman al-Mar'ashli''. | ||
*Dhahabi, Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Uthman al-. n.d. ''Mizan al- | *Dhahabi, Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Uthman al-. n.d. ''Mizan al-i'tidal fi naqd al-rijal''. Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifa. | ||
*Amin, Muhsin al-. '''A'yan al-Shi'a''. Beirut, 1403/1983 | * Amin, al-Sayyid Muhsin al-. '''A'yan al-Shi'a''. Ed. Hasan al-Amin. Beirut: Dar al-Ta'aruf, 1403/1983. | ||
*Zirikli, Khayr al-Din al-. n.d. ''Al-A'lam''. Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm | * Zirikli, Khayr al-Din al-. n.d. ''Al-A'lam''. Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm li-l-Malayin. | ||
*Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir al-. n.d. ''Dhayl al- | * Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir al-. n.d. ''Dhayl al-Mudhayyal''. Beirut: Mu'assisat A'alami li-l-Matbu'at. | ||
*Haythami, 'Ali b. | * Haythami, 'Ali b. Abi Bakr al-. n.d. ''Majma' al-zawa'id wa manba' al-fawa'id''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya. | ||
*Ahmad b. Hanbal | * Ahmad b. Hanbal. n.d. ''Musnad Ahmad''. Beirut: Dar Sadir. | ||
*Muttaqi al-Hindi, 'Ala' al- | * Muttaqi al-Hindi, 'Ala' al-Din 'Ali al-. n.d. ''Kanz al-'ummal fi sunan al-aqwal wa al-af'al''. Beirut: al-Risala. | ||
*'Isbahani, Hafiz Abu Na'im al-. n.d. '' | * 'Isbahani, al-Hafiz Abu Na'im al-. n.d. ''Hilyat al-awliya wa tabaqat al-asfiya'''. | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
{{The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | {{The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
[[fa:حدیث رایت]] | [[fa:حدیث رایت]] | ||
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[[Category:Excellences of Imam Ali (a)]] | [[Category:Excellences of Imam Ali (a)]] | ||
[[Category:Hadiths]] | |||