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Ulu l-Amr Verse: Difference between revisions
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'''The Uli al-Amr verse'''(آیه اولی الامر) or the Ita'a (obedience) verse is the verse 59 of sura [[al-Nisa']] which commands believers to obey Allah, the Prophet (s), and Uli al-Amr (those vested with | '''The Uli al-Amr verse'''(آیه اولی الامر) or the Ita'a (obedience) [[verse]] is the verse 59 of sura [[al-Nisa']] which commands believers to obey [[Allah]], [[the Prophet (s)]], and Uli al-Amr (those vested with authority). The verse is one of the Qur'anic proofs for the [[infallibility]] and imamate of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] and other twelve imams. | ||
==Text== | ==Text== | ||
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==Cause of Revelation== | ==Cause of Revelation== | ||
One [[Muslim]] and a Jew got disagreement on a subject. The Jew said: "Let's go to Muhammad (s) for judgment" for the Jew knew that the Prophet (s) would not accept bribe; but the Muslim said: "Let's go to Ka'b b. Ashraf" because the Muslim knew that he will accept bribe and will judge for him. After the event the verse of Uli al-Amr revealed and commanded the believers to obey Allah, the Prophet (s), and Uli al-Amr; and in times of any dispute refer to Allah and his Prophet (s). | One [[Muslim]] and a [[Jew]] got disagreement on a subject. The Jew said: "Let's go to Muhammad (s) for judgment" for the Jew knew that [[the Prophet (s)]] would not accept [[bribe]]; but the Muslim said: "Let's go to Ka'b b. Ashraf" because the Muslim knew that he will accept bribe and will judge for him. After the event the verse of Uli al-Amr revealed and commanded the believers to obey Allah, the Prophet (s), and Uli al-Amr; and in times of any dispute refer to Allah and his Prophet (s). | ||
==Indication that Uli al-Amr are Infallible == | ==Indication that Uli al-Amr are Infallible == | ||
In the view of the Shi'a exegetes, there's no doubt that the verse indicates the infallibility of Uli al-Amr. The reasoning is based on two main points: | In the view of the Shi'a exegetes, there's no doubt that the [[verse]] indicates the [[infallibility]] of Uli al-Amr. The reasoning is based on two main points: | ||
* When God commands to obey someone unconditionally, it results in his infallibility; because if he is fallible and commands us to do a sin, at the same time, we must obey him (because God commanded us to do so), and not obey him (because we must not commit sins). | * When God commands to obey someone unconditionally, it results in his infallibility; because if he is fallible and commands us to do a sin, at the same time, we must obey him (because God commanded us to do so), and not obey him (because we must not commit sins). | ||
* The word Uli al-Amr is mentioned immediately after the word "al-Rasul" (the Prophet) and because the obedience of the Propeht is unconditionally necessary, due to his infallibility, so the obedience of Uli al-Amr is also unconditional. So it results to the infallibility of Uli al-Amr. | * The word Uli al-Amr is mentioned immediately after the word "al-Rasul" (the Prophet) and because the obedience of the Propeht is unconditionally necessary, due to his infallibility, so the obedience of Uli al-Amr is also unconditional. So it results to the infallibility of Uli al-Amr. | ||
In addition to Shi'a scholars some [[Sunni]] scholars, like al-Fakhr al-Razi accepts that the verse indicates the infallibility of Uli al-Amr. | In addition to Shi'a scholars some [[Sunni]] scholars, like [[al-Fakhr al-Razi]] accepts that the verse indicates the infallibility of Uli al-Amr. | ||
==Instance of Uli al-Amr== | ==Instance of Uli al-Amr== | ||
Although al-Fakhr al-Razi accepts that the verse indicates the infallibility of Uli al-Amr; but considers its instance, the consensus of [[Muslims]] and claims that we cannot identify the infallible and recognize them. But there are many | Although al-Fakhr al-Razi accepts that the verse indicates the infallibility of Uli al-Amr; but considers its instance, the [[consensus]] of [[Muslims]] and claims that we cannot identify the infallible and recognize them. But there are many [[hadith]]s in Shi'a sources which explain that the instance of Uli al-Amr are [[Imams]] (a): | ||
* Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari says: "When the verse revealed, I asked the Prophet (s): 'We know Allah and his Prophet, but who are Uli al-Amr that God attached their obedience to your obedience?', the Prophet (s) said: 'They are my successors and Imams of Muslims after me, first of them is 'Ali, then Hasan, then Husayn, then 'Ali b. Husayn, then Muhammad b. 'Ali,…' | * [[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]] says: "When the verse revealed, I asked [[the Prophet (s)]]: 'We know Allah and his Prophet, but who are Uli al-Amr that God attached their obedience to your obedience?', the Prophet (s) said: 'They are my successors and Imams of Muslims after me, first of them is [[imam 'Ali (a)|'Ali]], then [[imam Hasan (a)|Hasan]], then [[imam Husayn (a)|Husayn]], then [[imam 'Ali b. Husayn (a)|'Ali b. Husayn]], then [[imam Muhammad b. 'Ali (a)|Muhammad b. 'Ali]],…' | ||
* [[Imam al-Baqir]] says in the exegesis of the verse: "Uli al-Amr are from the children of 'Ali and Fatima, till the day of judgment." He aslo said: "By Uli al-Amr, God only intended us and commanded all the faithful to obey us until the judgment day." | * [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]] says in the exegesis of the verse: "Uli al-Amr are from the children of 'Ali and [[Fatima (s)|Fatima]], till [[the day of judgment]]." He aslo said: "By Uli al-Amr, God only intended us and commanded all the faithful to obey us until the judgment day." | ||
* [[Imam al-Sadiq]] says: "Uli al-Amr are 'Ali b. Abi Talib, Hasan, Husayn, 'Ali b. Husayn, Muhammad b. 'Ali and me, praise God that introduced your Imams and leaders to you when people deny them. | * [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] says: "Uli al-Amr are 'Ali b. Abi Talib, Hasan, Husayn, 'Ali b. Husayn, Muhammad b. 'Ali and me, praise God that introduced your Imams and leaders to you when people deny them. | ||
== See also == | |||
[['Isma]] | |||
[[Fourteen Infallibles]] | |||
[[fa:آیه اولی الامر]] | [[fa:آیه اولی الامر]] | ||
[[ar:آية أولي الأمر]] | [[ar:آية أولي الأمر]] | ||
[[ur:آیت اولو الامر]] | [[ur:آیت اولو الامر]] | ||
[[id:Ayat Ulil Amri]] | [[id:Ayat Ulil Amri]] | ||
[[Category:Imam ʿAli (a)]] | |||
[[Category:Imam ʿAli (a) in Qur\'an]] | |||
[[Category:Imamate]] | |||