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Haram (holy site): Difference between revisions
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# Prohibition of residence in Haram for non-Muslims according to all faqihs, and also prohibition of their entrance to Haram according to all faqihs except Abu Hanifa.<ref> al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Muhammad b. Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Quran''. vol. 5. p. 200; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | # Prohibition of residence in Haram for non-Muslims according to all faqihs, and also prohibition of their entrance to Haram according to all faqihs except Abu Hanifa.<ref> al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Muhammad b. Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Quran''. vol. 5. p. 200; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | ||
# Obligation of putting on [[Ihram]] for those Muslims who come to [[Mecca]] any time in the year from any of the [[Miqat]]s, except for those who come frequently to these places such as drivers. Shafi'is regard putting on Ihram as recommended.<ref>al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Muhammad b. Hasan. ''al-Mabsut fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 1. p. 355; Tabari, Ahmad b. Abd allah. ''al-Qira li-qasid um al-qura''. p. 641; al-Khatib al-Sharbini, Muhammad b. Ahmad. Mughni al-Muhtaj ila ma'rifat ma'ani alfaz al-minhaj''. vol. 1. p. 476</ref> | # Obligation of putting on [[Ihram]] for those Muslims who come to [[Mecca]] any time in the year from any of the [[Miqat]]s, except for those who come frequently to these places such as drivers. Shafi'is regard putting on Ihram as recommended.<ref>al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Muhammad b. Hasan. ''al-Mabsut fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 1. p. 355; Tabari, Ahmad b. Abd allah. ''al-Qira li-qasid um al-qura''. p. 641; al-Khatib al-Sharbini, Muhammad b. Ahmad. ''Mughni al-Muhtaj ila ma'rifat ma'ani alfaz al-minhaj''. vol. 1. p. 476</ref> | ||
# Prohibition of killing animals in Haram except for domestic animals (such as camel, cow and sheep) and dangerous animals (such as scorpion and snake).<ref>al-Sharif al-Radi. ''Haqa'iq al-ta'wil fi mutashabih al-tanzil''. p. 182. al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 7. p. 272-273, 277-278; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 328-329</ref> | # Prohibition of killing animals in Haram except for domestic animals (such as camel, cow and sheep) and dangerous animals (such as scorpion and snake).<ref>al-Sharif al-Radi. ''Haqa'iq al-ta'wil fi mutashabih al-tanzil''. p. 182. al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 7. p. 272-273, 277-278; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 328-329</ref> | ||
# Prohibition of hunting animals or guiding hunters and damaging plants in the area of Haram due to [[verse]]s<ref>Q 5:96</ref> and narrations.<ref>Kulayni, Muhmmad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''. vol. 12. p. 552-557</ref> However, religious authorities of different denominations have excluded some cases such as palm trees, vegetables, Idhkhir (lemongrass), and anything people plant or grow.<ref> Kasani, Abu bakr b. Mas'ud. ''Badayi' al-sanaye' fi tartib al-sharayi'''.vol. 2. p. 446, 450-452; al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''.vol. 7. p. 271, 282, 363-369; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 328</ref> | # Prohibition of hunting animals or guiding hunters and damaging plants in the area of Haram due to [[verse]]s<ref>Q 5:96</ref> and narrations.<ref>Kulayni, Muhmmad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''. vol. 12. p. 552-557</ref> However, religious authorities of different denominations have excluded some cases such as palm trees, vegetables, Idhkhir (lemongrass), and anything people plant or grow.<ref> Kasani, Abu bakr b. Mas'ud. ''Badayi' al-sanaye' fi tartib al-sharayi'''.vol. 2. p. 446, 450-452; al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''.vol. 7. p. 271, 282, 363-369; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 328</ref> | ||
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# Prohibition or [[reprehension]] of picking any left or lost object in the area of Haram.<ref>al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 442; al-Shaykh al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 13. p. 259-262; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | # Prohibition or [[reprehension]] of picking any left or lost object in the area of Haram.<ref>al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 442; al-Shaykh al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 13. p. 259-262; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | ||
# Prohibition of performing punishment or retribution for someone who has committed a crime outside Haram and has taken refuge in Haram<ref> Q 3: 97</ref> and to apply some limitations for him, for example, by forbidding for others to give him any food or to make any business with him, in order to force him go out of Haram so the punishment on him would be possible there. However, According to Hanafis and [[Shi'a]], someone who commits a crime in Haram cannot benefit from this privilege, because he has disrespected Haram's holiness.<ref> Azraqi, muhammad b. 'Abd allah. ''Akhbar makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 139; al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 441-442; Ibn 'Abidin. Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''.vol. 2. p. 256; Khu'i, Abu al-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. p. 184</ref> | # Prohibition of performing punishment or retribution for someone who has committed a crime outside Haram and has taken refuge in Haram<ref> Q 3: 97</ref> and to apply some limitations for him, for example, by forbidding for others to give him any food or to make any business with him, in order to force him go out of Haram so the punishment on him would be possible there. However, According to Hanafis and [[Shi'a]], someone who commits a crime in Haram cannot benefit from this privilege, because he has disrespected Haram's holiness.<ref> Azraqi, muhammad b. 'Abd allah. ''Akhbar makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 139; al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 441-442; Ibn 'Abidin. Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''.vol. 2. p. 256; Khu'i, Abu al-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. p. 184</ref> | ||
# Increase of [[Diya]] (atonement) in case of intentional or unintentional murder taken place in Haram, which is one third more than a complete Diya.<ref>al-Kulayni, Muhmmad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''.vol. 4. p. 139; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | # Increase of [[Diya]] (atonement) in case of intentional or unintentional murder taken place in Haram, which is one third more than a complete Diya.<ref>al-Kulayni, Muhmmad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''.vol. 4. p. 139; Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | ||
# Prohibition of burying non-Muslims in the area of Haram. Shafi'is consider it obligatory to move the body of non-Muslims out of Haram.<ref>Shafi'i, Muhammad b. Idris. ''al-Umm''. vol. 4. p. 188;al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 9. p. 337</ref> | # Prohibition of burying non-Muslims in the area of Haram. Shafi'is consider it obligatory to move the body of non-Muslims out of Haram.<ref>Shafi'i, Muhammad b. Idris. ''al-Umm''. vol. 4. p. 188;al-Hilli, Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 9. p. 337</ref> | ||
# Prohibition of selling, buying or renting houses in Haram in general or during [[hajj]] according to some religious authorities with reference to the verse 25 of the chapter Hajj and some narrations.<ref>al-Nawawi, Yahya b. Sharaf. ''al-Majmu' sharh al-muhadhdhab''. vol. 9. p. 250; Ibn 'Abidin. Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''. vol. 6. p. 711</ref> | # Prohibition of selling, buying or renting houses in Haram in general or during [[hajj]] according to some religious authorities with reference to the verse 25 of the chapter Hajj and some narrations.<ref>al-Nawawi, Yahya b. Sharaf. ''al-Majmu' sharh al-muhadhdhab''. vol. 9. p. 250; Ibn 'Abidin. Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''. vol. 6. p. 711</ref> | ||