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Haram (holy site): Difference between revisions
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{{Featured article|March 14, 2016}} | {{Featured article|March 14, 2016}} | ||
[[File: | [[File:A'lam al-Haram al-Makki.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Al-Haram al-Makki, the most important haram for Muslism; the black line shows the boundaries of al-Haram al-Makki]] | ||
'''Ḥaram''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| حَرَم}}, Holy Site), is an area that includes a holy place, and has a special holiness because of what it includes. | '''Ḥaram''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| حَرَم}}, Holy Site), is an area that includes a holy place, and has a special holiness because of what it includes. | ||
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=== In the Qur'an === | === In the Qur'an === | ||
The word "Haram" is used in some [[verse]]s of the Qur'an. Exegetes have suggested that "al-Haram al-Makki" is meant by the word "Haram" most of the time in the Qur'an. <ref>Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 8. p. 165; Al-Qurtubi, Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Ansari. ''al-Jami' li-ahkam al-Qur'an''. vol. 13. p. 264; Tabataba'i, Muhammad Husayn. ''al-Mizan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 6. p. 271</ref> They have also said that [[al-Masjid al-Haram]], [[Maqam Ibrahim]], [[Ka'ba]], and [[Mecca]] sometimes refer to the whole area of Haram. <ref>Al-Jassas, Ahmad b. 'Ali. ''Ahkam al-Qur'an''. vol. 1. p. 88 & vol. 3. p. 253, 317; Al-Sharif al-Radi. ''Haqa'iq al-ta'wil fi mutashabih al-tanzil''. p. 180; Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 6. p. 446 & vol. 8. p. 165; Al-Zarkishi, Muhammad b. Bahadur. ''al-Burhan fi 'ulum al-Qur'an''. vol. 2. p. 266; Tabataba'i, Muhammad Husayn. ''al-Mizan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 3. p. 31</ref> | The word "Haram" is used in some [[verse]]s of the Qur'an. Exegetes have suggested that "al-Haram al-Makki" is meant by the word "Haram" most of the time in the Qur'an. <ref>Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 8. p. 165; Al-Qurtubi, Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Ansari. ''al-Jami' li-ahkam al-Qur'an''. vol. 13. p. 264; Tabataba'i, Muhammad Husayn. ''al-Mizan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 6. p. 271</ref> They have also said that [[al-Masjid al-Haram]], [[Maqam Ibrahim]], [[Ka'ba]], and [[Mecca]] sometimes refer to the whole area of Haram. <ref>Al-Jassas, Ahmad b. 'Ali. ''Ahkam al-Qur'an''. vol. 1. p. 88 & vol. 3. p. 253, 317; Al-Sharif al-Radi. ''Haqa'iq al-ta'wil fi mutashabih al-tanzil''. p. 180; Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 6. p. 446 & vol. 8. p. 165; Al-Zarkishi, Muhammad b. Bahadur. ''al-Burhan fi 'ulum al-Qur'an''. vol. 2. p. 266; Tabataba'i, Muhammad Husayn. ''al-Mizan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 3. p. 31</ref> | ||
In different verses of [[the Qur'an]], the land or Haram of [[Mecca]] have been called "Safe", as it's written in [[verse]] 67 of [[Sura al-'Ankabut]]: | In different verses of [[the Qur'an]], the land or Haram of [[Mecca]] have been called "Safe", as it's written in [[verse]] 67 of [[Sura al-'Ankabut]]: | ||
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===Expanse === | ===Expanse === | ||
[[File: | [[File:Masjid al-Haram.jpg|250px|thumbnail|Al-Masjid al-Haram]] | ||
The expanse of Haram has been fixed and known since the dawn of time, therefore, there are very few narrations about it. According to one of these narrations, the length and width of Haram are one ''Barid'' (In Arabia, a unit of distance equals 4 [[Farsakhs]], and about 21.5 kilometers). Al-Masjid al-Haram is located at the center of Haram. <ref>Al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 12. P. 555</ref> Based on historical reports, [[Prophet Abraham (a)]] was the first one who marked the expanse of al-Haram al-Makki with the help of [[Gabriel]], and according to the [[revelation]] he received. <ref>Al-Azraqi, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah. ''Akhbar Makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 128; Al-Al-Fakihi, Muhammad b. Ishaq. ''Akhbar Makka fi qadim al-dahr wa hadithiha''. vol. 2. p. 273-275; Al-Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''. vol. 4. p. 195-197; Al-Tabari, Ahmad b. 'Abd Allah. ''al-Qira li-qasid umm al-qura''. p. 652-653</ref> In hadith and historical texts, the marks which indicate the expanse of al-Haram al-Makki are called ''A'lam'', ''Ansab'', ''Manar'', ''Ma'alim'', ''Azlam'', or ''Amyal'' of Haram. <ref>Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 2. p. 173-174; Ibn Athir. ''al-Nihaya''. under the words "{{iarabic|علم" & "نور}}"; Ibn Manzur. ''Lisan al-'Arab''. under the word "{{iarabic|علم}}"; Al-Zubaydi, Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Murtada. ''Taj al-'arus''. under the words "{{iarabic|نصب" & "حرم}}"</ref> | The expanse of Haram has been fixed and known since the dawn of time, therefore, there are very few narrations about it. According to one of these narrations, the length and width of Haram are one ''Barid'' (In Arabia, a unit of distance equals 4 [[Farsakhs]], and about 21.5 kilometers). Al-Masjid al-Haram is located at the center of Haram. <ref>Al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 12. P. 555</ref> Based on historical reports, [[Prophet Abraham (a)]] was the first one who marked the expanse of al-Haram al-Makki with the help of [[Gabriel]], and according to the [[revelation]] he received. <ref>Al-Azraqi, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah. ''Akhbar Makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 128; Al-Al-Fakihi, Muhammad b. Ishaq. ''Akhbar Makka fi qadim al-dahr wa hadithiha''. vol. 2. p. 273-275; Al-Kulayni, Muhammad b. Ya'qub. ''al-Kafi''. vol. 4. p. 195-197; Al-Tabari, Ahmad b. 'Abd Allah. ''al-Qira li-qasid umm al-qura''. p. 652-653</ref> In hadith and historical texts, the marks which indicate the expanse of al-Haram al-Makki are called ''A'lam'', ''Ansab'', ''Manar'', ''Ma'alim'', ''Azlam'', or ''Amyal'' of Haram. <ref>Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Tibyan fi tafsir al-Qur'an''. vol. 2. p. 173-174; Ibn Athir. ''al-Nihaya''. under the words "{{iarabic|علم" & "نور}}"; Ibn Manzur. ''Lisan al-'Arab''. under the word "{{iarabic|علم}}"; Al-Zubaydi, Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Murtada. ''Taj al-'arus''. under the words "{{iarabic|نصب" & "حرم}}"</ref> | ||