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Haram (holy site): Difference between revisions
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[[File:Al-Haram al-Makki.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Al-Haram al-Makki, the most important haram for Muslims; the green line shows the boundaries of al-Haram al-Makki]] | [[File:Al-Haram al-Makki.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Al-Haram al-Makki, the most important haram for Muslims; the green line shows the boundaries of al-Haram al-Makki]] | ||
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* Prohibition of eating meat of an animal which is illegitimately killed in the area of Haram. <ref>Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 7. p. 290; Al-Dasuqi, Muhammad b. Ahmad. ''Hashiyat al-Dasuqi 'ala al-sharh al-kabir''. vol. 2. p. 78</ref> | * Prohibition of eating meat of an animal which is illegitimately killed in the area of Haram. <ref>Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 7. p. 290; Al-Dasuqi, Muhammad b. Ahmad. ''Hashiyat al-Dasuqi 'ala al-sharh al-kabir''. vol. 2. p. 78</ref> | ||
* Prohibition of engaging in wars and wounding in the expanse of Haram<ref>Al-Mawardi, 'Ali b. Muhammad. ''al-Ahkam al-sultaniyya wa al-wilayat al-diniyya''. p. 260; Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Mabsut fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 2. p. 3</ref> and also prohibition of carrying weapons according to some religious authorities. <ref>Al-Nawawi, Yahya b. Sharaf. ''al-Majmu' sharh al-muhadhdhab''. vol. 7. p. 471; Kashif al-Ghita, Ja'far b. Khizr. ''Kashf al-ghita 'an mubhamat al-shari'at al-ghara'' . vol. 2. p. 456</ref> | * Prohibition of engaging in wars and wounding in the expanse of Haram<ref>Al-Mawardi, 'Ali b. Muhammad. ''al-Ahkam al-sultaniyya wa al-wilayat al-diniyya''. p. 260; Al-Tusi, Muhammad b. al-Hasan. ''al-Mabsut fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 2. p. 3</ref> and also prohibition of carrying weapons according to some religious authorities. <ref>Al-Nawawi, Yahya b. Sharaf. ''al-Majmu' sharh al-muhadhdhab''. vol. 7. p. 471; Kashif al-Ghita, Ja'far b. Khizr. ''Kashf al-ghita 'an mubhamat al-shari'at al-ghara'' . vol. 2. p. 456</ref> | ||
* Prohibition of moving grits and stones from the area of Haram according to some Shi'a and Sunni faqihs. <ref>Al-Kasani, Abu Bakr b. Mas'ud. ''Badayi' al-sanaye' fi tartib al-sharayi'''. vol. 2. p. 453; Al-Shahid al-Awwal, Muhammad b. Makki. ''al-Durus al-shar'iyya fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 1. p. 473</ref> Most Shafi'is have considered it [[ | * Prohibition of moving grits and stones from the area of Haram according to some Shi'a and Sunni faqihs. <ref>Al-Kasani, Abu Bakr b. Mas'ud. ''Badayi' al-sanaye' fi tartib al-sharayi'''. vol. 2. p. 453; Al-Shahid al-Awwal, Muhammad b. Makki. ''al-Durus al-shar'iyya fi fiqh al-imamiyya''. vol. 1. p. 473</ref> Most Shafi'is have considered it [[Makruh|disliked]] to enter dust or stones from [[Hill]] (outside Haram) to Haram. <ref>Al-Fasi, Muhammad b. Ahmad. ''Shifa' al-gharam bi-akhbar al-balad al-haram''. vol. 1. p. 138</ref> | ||
* Prohibition or reprehension of picking any left or lost object in the area of Haram. <ref>Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 442; Al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 13. p. 259-262; Al-Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. al-Fiqh al-Islami wa adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | * Prohibition or reprehension of picking any left or lost object in the area of Haram. <ref>Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 442; Al-Hurr al-'Amili. ''Wasa'il al-Shi'a''. vol. 13. p. 259-262; Al-Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. al-Fiqh al-Islami wa adillata''. vol. 3. p. 329</ref> | ||
* Prohibition of performing punishment or retribution for someone who has committed a crime outside Haram and has taken refuge in Haram<ref>Q 3: 97</ref> and to apply some limitations for him, for example, by forbidding others to give him any food or to make any business with him, in order to force him go out of Haram so the punishment on him would be possible there. However, According to Hanafis and [[Shi'a]], someone who commits a crime in Haram cannot benefit from this privilege, because he has disrespected Haram's holiness. <ref>Al-Azraqi, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah. ''Akhbar Makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 139; Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 441-442; Ibn 'Abidin. ''Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''. vol. 2. p. 256; Al-Khoei, Abu l-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. p. 184</ref> | * Prohibition of performing punishment or retribution for someone who has committed a crime outside Haram and has taken refuge in Haram<ref>Q 3: 97</ref> and to apply some limitations for him, for example, by forbidding others to give him any food or to make any business with him, in order to force him go out of Haram so the punishment on him would be possible there. However, According to Hanafis and [[Shi'a]], someone who commits a crime in Haram cannot benefit from this privilege, because he has disrespected Haram's holiness. <ref>Al-Azraqi, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah. ''Akhbar Makka wa ma ja'a fiha min al-athar''. vol. 2. p. 139; Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 441-442; Ibn 'Abidin. ''Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''. vol. 2. p. 256; Al-Khoei, Abu l-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. p. 184</ref> | ||
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====Neighboring al-Haram al-Makki ==== | ====Neighboring al-Haram al-Makki ==== | ||
According to most [[Shi'a]], Maliki and Hanafi religious authorities, living in and neighboring [[Mecca]] is [[ | According to most [[Shi'a]], Maliki and Hanafi religious authorities, living in and neighboring [[Mecca]] is [[Makruh|disliked]] due to people's lack of [[faith]] and failure in observing the rulings of Haram. Shafi'is and Hanbalis have regarded it recommended for one to neighbor Haram if they are not likely to commit any forbidden acts there. <ref>Al-Hilli, al-Hasan b. Yusuf. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''. vol. 8. p. 442-447; Ibn 'Abidin. ''Radd al-muhtar 'ala al-durr al-mukhtar''. vol. 2. p. 187; Al-Zuhayli, Wahaba Mustafa. ''al-Fiqh al-Islami wa adillata''. vol. 3. p. 322-323</ref> | ||
====Disliked (Makruh) Acts ==== | ====Disliked (Makruh) Acts ==== | ||
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* Prohibition of entering menstruating woman or [[Junub]] to these places<ref>Musawi 'Amili, Sayyid Muhammad. ''Madarik al-ahkam fi sharh shara'i' al-Islam''. vol. 1. p. 282; cf: Naraqi, Ahmad b. Muhammad Mahdi. ''Mustanad al-Shi'a fi ahkam al-shari'a''. vol. 2. p. 292</ref> | * Prohibition of entering menstruating woman or [[Junub]] to these places<ref>Musawi 'Amili, Sayyid Muhammad. ''Madarik al-ahkam fi sharh shara'i' al-Islam''. vol. 1. p. 282; cf: Naraqi, Ahmad b. Muhammad Mahdi. ''Mustanad al-Shi'a fi ahkam al-shari'a''. vol. 2. p. 292</ref> | ||
* Prohibition of making these places [[Najis]] (religiously unclean) and obligation of cleaning off them<ref>Tabataba'i Yazdi, Muhammad Kazim. ''al-'Urwat al-wuthqa''. vol. 1. p. 89-90</ref> | * Prohibition of making these places [[Najis]] (religiously unclean) and obligation of cleaning off them<ref>Tabataba'i Yazdi, Muhammad Kazim. ''al-'Urwat al-wuthqa''. vol. 1. p. 89-90</ref> | ||
* Recommendation of doing [[Ghusl]] | * Recommendation of doing [[Ghusl]] (ritual bath) before entering these places and [[|Makruh|Kiraha]] of moving dead people elsewhere from these place to bury, unless to another of these places<ref>Musawi 'Amili, Sayyid Muhammad. ''Madarik al-ahkam fi sharh shara'i' al-Islam''. vol. 2. p. 152; Tabataba'i Yazdi, Muhammad Kazim. ''al-'Urwat al-wuthqa''. vol. 1. p. 447</ref> | ||
* Prohibition of performing punishments or [[retribution]]s in these Harams<ref>Al-Hilli, Ibn Idris. ''al-Sara'ir al-hawi li-tahrir al-fatawa''. vol. 3. p. 363-364; cf: al-Khoei, Abu l-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. vol. 2. p. 184-185</ref> | * Prohibition of performing punishments or [[retribution]]s in these Harams<ref>Al-Hilli, Ibn Idris. ''al-Sara'ir al-hawi li-tahrir al-fatawa''. vol. 3. p. 363-364; cf: al-Khoei, Abu l-Qasim. ''Mabani takmilat al-minhaj''. vol. 2. p. 184-185</ref> | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [ | * The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:حرم|حرم]]}} in Farsi Wikishia. | ||
{{references}} | {{references}} | ||
* Agha Buzurg, Tihrani. ''Al-Dhari'a ila tasanif al-Shi'a''. Beirut: Dar al-Adwa', 1403 AH | * Agha Buzurg, Tihrani. ''Al-Dhari'a ila tasanif al-Shi'a''. Beirut: Dar al-Adwa', 1403 AH | ||
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{{Hajj}} | {{Hajj}} | ||
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[[ar:الحرم]] | [[ar:الحرم]] | ||