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Battle of Khandaq: Difference between revisions
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'''The Battle of Khandaq''' or '''The Battle of Ahzāb''' (غزوة الخندق ـ غزوة الأحزاب) (ghazwah: a war at which the prophet of Islam was present) took place in the fifth year of [[Hijra]]. It initially broke out by the stratagem of [[Banu Nadir]] tribe. Quraysh tribe became united with all its allies including kafir (unbeliever) and Arab tribes in order to eradicate Islam. The number of their soldiers was 10,000, yet Muslim army was only 3000 soldiers. Banu Qurayzah tribe had promised to be impartial in case of war; nevertheless, they violated the contract and became confederate with the unbelievers. To take up arms against the unbelievers, Muslims dug trench around Medina, an idea from Salman Farsi. The war terminated by Muslim's victory and the unbeliever army had to withdraw. | '''The Battle of Khandaq''' or '''The Battle of Ahzāb''' (غزوة الخندق ـ غزوة الأحزاب) (ghazwah: a war at which the prophet of Islam was present) took place in the fifth year of [[Hijra]]. It initially broke out by the stratagem of [[Banu Nadir]] tribe. Quraysh tribe became united with all its allies including kafir (unbeliever) and Arab tribes in order to eradicate Islam. The number of their soldiers was 10,000, yet Muslim army was only 3000 soldiers. Banu Qurayzah tribe had promised to be impartial in case of war; nevertheless, they violated the contract and became confederate with the unbelievers. To take up arms against the unbelievers, Muslims dug trench around Medina, an idea from Salman Farsi. The war terminated by Muslim's victory and the unbeliever army had to withdraw. | ||
During the battle, Amr ibn Abduwad, eminent for his great valor and bravery, proceeded the trench along with some other warriors, and threw down the challenge that who would dare to fight with him. Muslims remained silently, while they were overwhelmed with panic. Ultimately, Imam Ali (a) volunteered and went for the challenge with prophet's consent. He succeeded to take Amr's life. This had such a huge positive impact on Muslim's spirit that led to them triumphing over the enemy. "Ali's stroke was superior to any gene's or human's (thaqalayn) worship", said Prophet Muhammad (s). | During the battle, Amr ibn Abduwad, eminent for his great valor and bravery, proceeded the trench along with some other warriors, and threw down the challenge that who would dare to fight with him. Muslims remained silently, while they were overwhelmed with panic. Ultimately, Imam 'Ali (a) volunteered and went for the challenge with prophet's consent. He succeeded to take Amr's life. This had such a huge positive impact on Muslim's spirit that led to them triumphing over the enemy. " 'Ali's stroke was superior to any gene's or human's (thaqalayn) worship", said Prophet Muhammad (s). | ||
== Another Name of This War == | == Another Name of This War == | ||
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== Date of Occurrence == | == Date of Occurrence == | ||
The majority of historians believe the date of its occurrence is the fifth year of Hijra. There are different views about the exact month. Some sources believe it was Shawwal, and some others refer to Dhu qa'dah. In a Hadith, it has been said that the prophet set off for the war on Thursday, 10th of Shawwal, and ended it on Saturday, first of Dhu qa'dah. | The majority of historians believe the date of its occurrence is the fifth year of Hijra. There are different views about the exact month. Some sources believe it was Shawwal, and some others refer to Dhu qa'dah. In a Hadith, it has been said that the prophet set off for the war on Thursday, 10th of Shawwal, and ended it on Saturday, first of Dhu qa'dah. | ||
== Cause of the War == | == Cause of the War == | ||
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== Imam 'Ali's Battle with 'Amr ibn Abduwad == | == Imam 'Ali's Battle with 'Amr ibn Abduwad == | ||
During the war, Amr ibn Abduwad, a luminary prominent for his great valor, considered as equal as a thousand warriors in terms of being warlike and courageous, proceeded the narrow part of the trench along with some warriors. But they were impeded by Imam Ali (a) and some other Muslims. Having been injured in Badr war, thus being deprived of participating in Uhud war, Amr was fresh enough to throw down the challenge and call for an opponent. Even though Imam Ali (a) volunteered to fight with him, the prophet did not allow him, hoping that someone else would stand against him. No one became volunteer owing to their fear. As this condition lasted for quite a long time, Amr announced proudly that he got a sore throat because of calling constantly for a rival. Ultimately, Imam Ali (a) got ready to begin the combat with prophet's permission. The prophet put his ammamah (a long piece of cloth that you wind tightly round your head, worn by Arabs) on Ali's head, gave his sword to him and sent him to the battle. Imam Ali (a) proceeded and told Amr either to become Muslim or to call off the combat. Amr refused both suggestions, therefore a very difficult battle took place. Imam Ali (a) warded Amr's stroke off by his shield, then took his life by a strong stroke, resulting in all his companion's escape. Imam Ali (a) recited takbir right after his victory over Amr, then killed Nufil ibn Abdullah, who was running away and was trapped while passing the trench. | During the war, Amr ibn Abduwad, a luminary prominent for his great valor, considered as equal as a thousand warriors in terms of being warlike and courageous, proceeded the narrow part of the trench along with some warriors. But they were impeded by Imam 'Ali (a) and some other Muslims. Having been injured in Badr war, thus being deprived of participating in Uhud war, Amr was fresh enough to throw down the challenge and call for an opponent. Even though Imam 'Ali (a) volunteered to fight with him, the prophet did not allow him, hoping that someone else would stand against him. No one became volunteer owing to their fear. As this condition lasted for quite a long time, Amr announced proudly that he got a sore throat because of calling constantly for a rival. Ultimately, Imam 'Ali (a) got ready to begin the combat with prophet's permission. The prophet put his ammamah (a long piece of cloth that you wind tightly round your head, worn by Arabs) on 'Ali's head, gave his sword to him and sent him to the battle. Imam 'Ali (a) proceeded and told Amr either to become Muslim or to call off the combat. Amr refused both suggestions, therefore a very difficult battle took place. Imam 'Ali (a) warded Amr's stroke off by his shield, then took his life by a strong stroke, resulting in all his companion's escape. Imam 'Ali (a) recited takbir right after his victory over Amr, then killed Nufil ibn Abdullah, who was running away and was trapped while passing the trench. | ||
=== Prophet's Hadiths about Imam Ali's Superiority === | === Prophet's Hadiths about Imam 'Ali's Superiority === | ||
Imam Ali's action of killing Amr helped Islam army significantly to be victorious over the unbelievers. About it, the prophet said: "Ali's stroke was superior to any gene's or human's (thaqalayn) worship." In another Hadith he averred: "Ali's combat with Amr is superior to all my follower's good deeds until the judgment day. And also, while Imam Ali (a) and Amr were fighting, the prophet stated: "The whole Islam (or iman (faith)) has confronted the whole kufr (or shirk). | Imam 'Ali's action of killing Amr helped Islam army significantly to be victorious over the unbelievers. About it, the prophet said: " 'Ali's stroke was superior to any gene's or human's (thaqalayn) worship." In another Hadith he averred: " 'Ali's combat with Amr is superior to all my follower's good deeds until the judgment day. And also, while Imam 'Ali (a) and Amr were fighting, the prophet stated: "The whole Islam (or iman (faith)) has confronted the whole kufr (or shirk). | ||
== Muslim's Victory == | == Muslim's Victory == | ||
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=== The Consequences of the Unbeliever's Defeat === | === The Consequences of the Unbeliever's Defeat === | ||
Unbeliever's defeat and withdrawal in Khandaq war paralyzed them in a way that it was impossible for them to rearrange their army and devise another scheme for a fight. Moreover, it built up the newly-established Islamic government of Medina. After Amr's death by Imam Ali (a) or after the unbeliever's defeat which occurred two or three days after Amr's death, the prophet of Islam said: "We will make war against them afterwards, and they will not go to war with us". The same as what the prophet said happened until God released Mecca by his prophet. | Unbeliever's defeat and withdrawal in Khandaq war paralyzed them in a way that it was impossible for them to rearrange their army and devise another scheme for a fight. Moreover, it built up the newly-established Islamic government of Medina. After Amr's death by Imam 'Ali (a) or after the unbeliever's defeat which occurred two or three days after Amr's death, the prophet of Islam said: "We will make war against them afterwards, and they will not go to war with us". The same as what the prophet said happened until God released Mecca by his prophet. | ||
== Statistics == | == Statistics == | ||