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Ahmad al-Ahsa'i: Difference between revisions
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'''Aḥmad b. Zayn al-Dīn b. Ibrāhīm al-ʾAḥsāʾī''' (Arabic: {{ia|اَحمَد بن زَین الدّین بن اِبراهیم الأحسايي}}), (b. Rajab [[1166]]/May 1753 - d. Dhu l-Qa'da [[1241]]/June 1826), also known as ''''Ahmad al-Ahsa'i''', was a well-known [[Imamiyya]] scholar, [[philosopher]] and [[jurist]] to whom [[Shaykhiyya]] (a Shiite sect) is attributed. His practices and thoughts and his life events have brought about drastic developments in the history of Imamiyya. | '''Aḥmad b. Zayn al-Dīn b. Ibrāhīm al-ʾAḥsāʾī''' (Arabic: {{ia|اَحمَد بن زَین الدّین بن اِبراهیم الأحسايي}}), (b. Rajab [[1166]]/May 1753 - d. [[Dhu l-Qa'da]] [[1241]]/June 1826), also known as ''''Ahmad al-Ahsa'i''', was a well-known [[Imamiyya]] scholar, [[philosopher]] and [[jurist]] to whom [[Shaykhiyya]] (a Shiite sect) is attributed. His practices and thoughts and his life events have brought about drastic developments in the history of Imamiyya. | ||
==Sources of Biography== | ==Sources of Biography== | ||
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==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
Al-Ahsa'i was born in the village of Mutayrifi located in the al-Ahsa area in East Arabia. According to al-Ahsa'i, his | Al-Ahsa'i was born in the village of Mutayrifi located in the al-Ahsa area in East Arabia. According to al-Ahsa'i, his forth ancestor, Daghir abandoned the Bedouin life and resided in Mutayrifi. After the migration, Daghir converted to Shiism, and all his progeny went on to believe in Shiism. | ||
==Travels== | ==Travels== | ||
Al-Ahsa'i was educated in al-Ahsa until he was | Al-Ahsa'i was educated in al-Ahsa until he was twenty years old. In [[1186]]/1772, he migrated to [[Karbala]] and [[Najaf]]. Upon the Cholera outbreak in [[Iraq]] in [[1208]]/1794, he returned to al-Ahasa and after four years he went back to Iraq. Upon his return, he sojourned in [[Basra]] and stayed in Dhawraq near Basra until [[1216]]/1801. At this time, he had short sojourns in Basra and villages nearby. | ||
In 1216/1801, he went to Karbala and Najaf, and then he went to [[Mashhad]] as a pilgrim—on his way, he had a stay in [[Yazd]]. People in Yazd warmly welcomed him and because of their insistence, he stayed in Yazd after his return from Mashhad. Al-Ahsa'i went to [[Tehran]] for a while at the command of [[Fath 'Ali Shah]], and in [[1223]]/1808 he returned to Yazd by the permission of the Shah. | In 1216/1801, he went to Karbala and Najaf, and then he went to [[Mashhad]] as a pilgrim—on his way, he had a stay in [[Yazd]]. People in Yazd warmly welcomed him and because of their insistence, he stayed in Yazd after his return from Mashhad. Al-Ahsa'i went to [[Tehran]] for a while at the command of [[Fath 'Ali Shah]], and in [[1223]]/1808 he returned to Yazd by the permission of the Shah. | ||
In [[1229]]/1814 al-Ahsa'i went to [[Kermanshah]] on his way to Karbala and Najaf, and was welcomed by people. The governor of Kermanshah insisted that he stay there, and promised that he provide all the means for al-Ahsa'i to annually travel to Iraq. The stay took about | In [[1229]]/1814 al-Ahsa'i went to [[Kermanshah]] on his way to Karbala and Najaf, and was welcomed by people. The governor of Kermanshah insisted that he stay there, and promised that he provide all the means for al-Ahsa'i to annually travel to Iraq. The stay took about ten years, except two years when he was on travels. He then went to Mashhad, Yazd, and Kermanshah, and then to Iraq. He then departed from Iraq to [[Mecca]], but he died near [[Medina]]. | ||
===Visiting Fath 'Ali Shah=== | ===Visiting Fath 'Ali Shah=== | ||
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* [[Muhammad Baqir al-Wahid al-Bihbahani]] | * [[Muhammad Baqir al-Wahid al-Bihbahani]] | ||
He was respected by his teachers. During his stay in Karbala and Najaf, he received a number of | He was respected by his teachers. During his stay in Karbala and Najaf, he received a number of [[permissions to narrate hadith]]s from well-known scholars, such as: | ||
{{cb|2}} | {{cb|2}} | ||
* [[Al-Shaykh Ja'far Kashif al-Ghita']]; he praised the scholarly character of al-Ahsa'i in his 'ijaza when he saw two of al-Ahsa'i's works in [[ | * [[Al-Shaykh Ja'far Kashif al-Ghita']]; he praised the scholarly character of al-Ahsa'i in his 'ijaza when he saw two of al-Ahsa'i's works in [[jurisprudence]] and [[theology]]. | ||
* Al-Sayyid Muhamamd Mahdi Bahr al-'Ulum | * Al-Sayyid Muhamamd Mahdi Bahr al-'Ulum | ||
* [[Mahdi al-Shahristani]] | * [[Mahdi al-Shahristani]] | ||
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==Expertice in Various Disciplines== | ==Expertice in Various Disciplines== | ||
The works of al-Ahsa'i show that in addition to | The works of al-Ahsa'i show that in addition to jurisprudence and other religious disciplines, he was an expert in [[philosophy]], [[mathematics]], [[natural sciences]] and "occult sciences". | ||
==Beliefs== | ==Beliefs== | ||