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Al-Ghadir Sermon: Difference between revisions
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Since [[Ramadan]] that year, [[Imam Ali (a)]] had gone to [[Madhhaj]] in [[Yemen]] for the battle with disbelievers.<ref>Tabari, ''Tarikh al-umam'', vol.3 p.152; Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol.3 p.360</ref> After he (a) was gained victory and collected the [[booty|booties]], the Prophet (s) ordered him to go to Mecca to perform hajj rituals.<ref>Waqidi, ''Al-Maghazi'', vol.3 p.1079-1080; Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol.3 p.289</ref> | Since [[Ramadan]] that year, [[Imam Ali (a)]] had gone to [[Madhhaj]] in [[Yemen]] for the battle with disbelievers.<ref>Tabari, ''Tarikh al-umam'', vol.3 p.152; Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol.3 p.360</ref> After he (a) was gained victory and collected the [[booty|booties]], the Prophet (s) ordered him to go to Mecca to perform hajj rituals.<ref>Waqidi, ''Al-Maghazi'', vol.3 p.1079-1080; Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol.3 p.289</ref> | ||
On the day of [['Arafa]], the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon for the pilgrims of hajj and reminded them of important issues including the important of Muslims' blood and property, trust-keeping, prohibition of [[usury]], women's rights and prohibiting people of following [[Satan]]. | On the day of [['Arafa]], the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon for the pilgrims of hajj and reminded them of important issues including the important of Muslims' blood and property, trust-keeping, prohibition of [[usury]], women's rights and prohibiting people of following [[Satan]].<ref>Tabari, ''Tarikh al-umam'', vol.3 p.150-152; Ibn Hisham, ''Al-Sira'', vol.2 p.603-604</ref> | ||
After finishing hajj rituals, Muslims exited Mecca and returned to their own states. On 18th of Dhu al-Hijja, the caravan of hajj pilgrims arrived in [Ghadir] [[Ghadir Khumm|Khumm]], between Mecca and Medina, 5 km away from [[Juhfa]] where different routes separate from each other. When the caravan arrived there, [[Gabriel]] revealed verses of 3 and 67 of the [[Sura Ma'ida]] to the Prophet (s) and delivered him [[God]]'s order to announce [[Wilaya]] [guardianship] of Imam 'Ali (a) to all people. Caravan was stopped by the order of the Prophet (s) and those who were behind joined them. After noon prayer, a pulpit was made and the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon in which he (s) told people that he (s) would soon depart them. He mentioned two precious things he would leave and trust people with and spoke about his Wilaya and priority over believers. Then, he (s) raised 'Ali's (a) hand and said, "Anyone I am his master, this 'Ali (a) is then his master." Then he (s) made [[du'a]]s for 'Ali's (a) friends and cursed his enemies. That time, [[Hassan b. Thabit]] asked for permission and recited a poem he composed about that event and [['Umar]] congratulated 'Ali (a) for his position. | After finishing hajj rituals, Muslims exited Mecca and returned to their own states. On 18th of Dhu al-Hijja, the caravan of hajj pilgrims arrived in [Ghadir] [[Ghadir Khumm|Khumm]],<ref>Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', vol.2 p.118</ref> between Mecca and Medina, 5 km away from [[Juhfa]] where different routes separate from each other.<ref>Hamawi, ''Mu'jam al-buldan'', vol.2 p.103</ref> When the caravan arrived there, [[Gabriel]] revealed verses of 3 and 67 of the [[Sura Ma'ida]] to the Prophet (s) and delivered him [[God]]'s order to announce [[Wilaya]] [guardianship] of Imam 'Ali (a) to all people.<ref>Mufid, ''Tafsir al-Qur'an'', vol.1 p.184; 'Ayyashi, ''Al-Tafsir'', vol.1 p.332</ref> Caravan was stopped by the order of the Prophet (s) and those who were behind joined them. After noon prayer, a pulpit was made and the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon in which he (s) told people that he (s) would soon depart them. He mentioned two precious things he would leave and trust people with and spoke about his Wilaya and priority over believers.<ref>Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', vol.2 p.1</ref> Then, he (s) raised 'Ali's (a) hand and said, "Anyone I am his master, this 'Ali (a) is then his master."<ref>Ibn Athir, ''Asad al-ghaba'', vol.5 p.253; Kulayni, ''Al-Kafi'', vol.2 p.27</ref> Then he (s) made [[du'a]]s for 'Ali's (a) friends and cursed his enemies.<ref>Baladhari, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', vol.2 p.111; Ibn Kathir, ''Al-Bidaya wa al-nihaya'', vol.7 p.349</ref> That time, [[Hassan b. Thabit]] asked for permission and recited a poem he composed about that event<ref>Saduq, ''Al-Amali'', p.575; Mufid, ''Aqsam al-mawla'', p.35; Tusi, ''Al-iqtisad'', p.351; Tusi, ''Al-Rasa'il'', p.138</ref> and [['Umar]] congratulated 'Ali (a) for his position.<ref>Ibn Kathir, ''Al-Bidaya wa al-nihaya'', vol.7 p.349</ref> | ||
== Key Points of the Sermon == | == Key Points of the Sermon == | ||