Al-Ghadir Sermon: Difference between revisions

Since [[Ramadan]] of that year, [[Imam Ali (a)]] had gone to [[Madhhij]] in [[Yemen]] for the battle with disbelievers.<ref>Al-Tabari, ''Tarikh al-umam'', vol. 3, p. 152; Al-Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol. 3, p. 360</ref> After he (a) was gained victory and collected the [[booty|booties]], the Prophet (s) ordered him to join him in Mecca to perform Hajj rituals.<ref>Al-Waqidi, ''Al-Maghazi'', vol. 3, p. 1079-1080; Al-Halabi, ''Al-Sira'', vol. 3, p. 289</ref>

On the [[Day of 'Arafa]] , the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon for the pilgrims of Hajj and reminded them of important issues including the importance of Muslims' blood and property, trust-keeping, prohibition of [[usury]], women's rights, and prohibiting people of following [[Satan]].<ref>Al-Tabari, ''Tarikh al-umam'', vol. 3, p. 150-152; Ibn Hisham, ''Al-Sira'', vol. 2, p. 603-604</ref>

After finishing Hajj rituals, Muslims exited Mecca and returned to their own states. On [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]], the caravan of Hajj pilgrims arrived in [[Ghadir Khumm]],<ref>Al-Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', vol. 2, p. 118</ref> between Mecca and Medina, 5 km away from [[Juhfa]] where different routes separate from each other.<ref>Al-Hamawi, ''Mu'jam al-buldan'', vol. 2, p. 103</ref> When the caravan arrived there, [[Jabra'il]] (Gabriel) revealed verses of 67 of the [[Qur'an 5]] to the Prophet (s) and delivered him [[God]]'s order to announce [[Wilaya]] (guardianship) of 'Ali (a) to all people.<ref>Al-Mufid, ''Tafsir al-Qur'an'', vol. 1, p. 184; 'Ayyashi, ''Tafsir'', vol. 1, p. 332</ref> Caravan was stopped by the order of the Prophet (s) and those who were behind joined them. After [[noon prayer]], a pulpit was made and the Prophet (s) delivered a sermon in which he (s) told people that he (s) would soon depart them. He mentioned two precious things he would leave and trust people with and spoke about his Wilaya and priority over believers.<ref>Al-Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', vol. 2, p. 1</ref> Then, he (s) raised 'Ali's (a) hand and said, "Anyone I am his master (Wali), then this 'Ali (a) is his master."<ref>Ibn Athir, ''Usd al-ghaba'', vol. 5, p. 253; Al-Kulayni, ''Al-Kafi'', vol. 2, p. 27</ref> Then he (s) made [[du'a]]s for 'Ali's (a) friends and cursed his enemies.<ref>Al-Baladhuri, ''Ansab al-ashraf'', vol. 2, p. 111; Ibn Kathir, ''Al-Bidaya wa al-nihaya'', vol. 7, p. 349</ref> At that point, [[Hassan b. Thabit]] asked for permission and composed a poem about that event.<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Al-Amali'', p. 575; Al-Mufid, ''Aqsam al-mawla'', p. 35; Al-Tusi, ''Al-iqtisad'', p. 351; Al-Tusi, ''Al-Rasa'il'', p. 138</ref> Then [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] congratulated 'Ali (a) for his position.<ref>Ibn Kathir, ''Al-Bidaya wa al-nihaya'', vol. 7, p. 349</ref>