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Malik al-Ashtar: Difference between revisions
→Travel to Egypt and Martyrdom
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After the [[Battle of Siffin]], Malik al-Ashtar went back to Iraq. Since [[Egypt]] had unrest, [[Imam Ali (a)]] called Malik al-Ashtar who was in Nasibayn and appointed him as governor of Egypt.<ref>Al-Amin, ''A'yan al-Shi'a'', vol.9, p.38</ref> When [[Mu'awiya]] knew about the appointment through his spies, he realized that if Malik al-Ashtar reaches to Egypt, Mu'awiya could not easily gain victory in Egypt (which was under the rule of [[Muhammad b. Abi Bakr]] at that time). So, Mu'awiya sent a letter to one of the taxpayers and requested him to kill Malik al-Ashtar in exchange for lifelong freedom from taxes. Hence, when Malik al-Ashtar arrived to Qulzam, the taxpayer welcomed Malik al-Ashtar and invited him for food. After Malik al-Ashtar had the food, the man offered a toxic beverage of honey to him, and after drinking that, Malik al-Ashtar passed away from the poison.<ref>Al-Amin, ''A'yan al-Shi'a'', vol.9, pp.38-39</ref> | After the [[Battle of Siffin]], Malik al-Ashtar went back to Iraq. Since [[Egypt]] had unrest, [[Imam Ali (a)]] called Malik al-Ashtar who was in Nasibayn and appointed him as governor of Egypt.<ref>Al-Amin, ''A'yan al-Shi'a'', vol.9, p.38</ref> When [[Mu'awiya]] knew about the appointment through his spies, he realized that if Malik al-Ashtar reaches to Egypt, Mu'awiya could not easily gain victory in Egypt (which was under the rule of [[Muhammad b. Abi Bakr]] at that time). So, Mu'awiya sent a letter to one of the taxpayers and requested him to kill Malik al-Ashtar in exchange for lifelong freedom from taxes. Hence, when Malik al-Ashtar arrived to Qulzam, the taxpayer welcomed Malik al-Ashtar and invited him for food. After Malik al-Ashtar had the food, the man offered a toxic beverage of honey to him, and after drinking that, Malik al-Ashtar passed away from the poison.<ref>Al-Amin, ''A'yan al-Shi'a'', vol.9, pp.38-39</ref> | ||
[[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]] wrote in his book: "Malik al-Ashtar passed away on [[39]]/659- | [[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]] wrote in his book: "Malik al-Ashtar passed away on [[39]]/659-60 when he was going to Egypt by the order of Ali (a). It is been said that he was killed by poison and also some said that he passed away by natural causes."<ref>Ibn Abi l-Hadid, ''Sharh nahj al-balagha'', vol.15, pp.101</ref> | ||
[[Ibrahim b. Muhammad al-Thaqafi al-Kufi]], the author of ''[[al-Gharat]]'' (d. [[283]]/896- | [[Ibrahim b. Muhammad al-Thaqafi al-Kufi]], the author of ''[[al-Gharat]]'' (d. [[283]]/896-7) has mentioned different narrations about how Malik al-Ashtar was poisoned by Mu'awiya."<ref>Al-Thaqafi, ''al-Gharat'', vol.1, pp.263-264</ref> | ||
Alqama b. Qays al-Nakha'i says: "When Malik passed away, Ali (a) was very sad in a way that we thought he is the only stricken and we (the tribe of Nakha') are not as rueful as he is. This grief was apparent in his face for several days."<ref>Al-Thaqafi, ''al-Gharat'', vol.1, pp.265-266</ref> | Alqama b. Qays al-Nakha'i says: "When Malik passed away, Ali (a) was very sad in a way that we thought he is the only stricken and we (the tribe of Nakha') are not as rueful as he is. This grief was apparent in his face for several days."<ref>Al-Thaqafi, ''al-Gharat'', vol.1, pp.265-266</ref> | ||
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{{Main|Letter of Imam 'Ali (a) to Malik al-Ashtar}} | {{Main|Letter of Imam 'Ali (a) to Malik al-Ashtar}} | ||
Imam Ali (a) wrote a letter to Malik when he (a) wanted to appoint him as the governor of Egypt. A great part of this letter is about how the government should treat people, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, and what responsibilities the government has for the development of the country. This letter has been translated and commented on many times. | Imam Ali (a) wrote a letter to Malik when he (a) wanted to appoint him as the governor of Egypt. A great part of this letter is about how the government should treat people, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, and what responsibilities the government has for the development of the country. This letter has been translated and commented on many times. | ||
== In the Words of Others == | == In the Words of Others == | ||