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Trial of Ibrahim (a) Verse: Difference between revisions
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'''The Ibtilaʾ (Trial) of ʾIbrāhīm (a) Verse ''' (Arabic: آية إبتلاء إبراهيم) is the [[verse]] 124 of [[sura]] [[al-Baqara]] in which God appointed [[Ibrahim (a)]] (Abraham) as [[imam]]. Referring to this verse, Shi'a believe that [[imamate]] is a God-given position and that imam needs to be [[infallible]]. | '''The Ibtilaʾ (Trial) of ʾIbrāhīm (a) Verse ''' (Arabic: آية إبتلاء إبراهيم) is the [[verse]] 124 of [[sura]] [[al-Baqara]] in which God appointed [[Ibrahim (a)]] (Abraham) as [[imam]]. Referring to this verse, Shi'a believe that [[imamate]] is a God-given position and that imam needs to be [[infallible]]. | ||
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* About the verse, three interpretations are narrated from [[Ibn Abbas]], | * About the verse, three interpretations are narrated from [[Ibn Abbas]], | ||
# The 10 orders related to the purity of body: [[Madmada]], [[Istinshaq]] [inhalation], brushing teeth, circumcision, trimming mustache, etc. | # The 10 orders related to the purity of body: [[Madmada]], [[Istinshaq]] [inhalation], brushing teeth, circumcision, trimming mustache, etc. | ||
# There are 30 Islamic qualities or instructions which are mentioned in the Qur'an, in al-Tawba(9):112, al-Ahzab(33):35 and al-Mu'minun(23):1-9. | # There are 30 Islamic qualities or instructions which are mentioned in the Qur'an, in al-Tawba (9):112, al-Ahzab (33):35 and al-Mu'minun (23):1-9. | ||
# Hajj rituals. | # Hajj rituals. | ||
* [[Hasan al-Basri]] said that, the "trials" are Ibrahim's (a) debate with the worshipers of stars, the moon and the sun, throwing him into fire, his immigration and sacrificing his son, Isma'il (a). | * [[Hasan al-Basri]] said that, the "trials" are Ibrahim's (a) debate with the worshipers of stars, the moon and the sun, throwing him into fire, his immigration and sacrificing his son, Isma'il (a). | ||
* [[Abu 'Ali al-Juba'i]] said that, Ibrahim's (a) trial was through intellectual and religious obligations. | * [[Abu 'Ali al-Juba'i]] said that, Ibrahim's (a) trial was through intellectual and religious obligations. | ||
* Al-Mujahid has said, that the intended meaning of "words" was the phrase "He said, 'I am making you the Imam of mankind.'" and its following verses. Accordingly, imamate is a part of Ibrahim's (a) trial, not a position he (a) was given afterwards. | * Al-Mujahid has said, that the intended meaning of "words" was the phrase "He said, 'I am making you the Imam of mankind.'" and its following verses. Accordingly, imamate is a part of Ibrahim's (a) trial, not a position he (a) was given afterwards. | ||
[[ | [[Al-'Allama al-Tabrisi]], after mentioning the above opinions, says that the [[verse]] reflects them all. | ||
=== Discussion and Evaluation === | === Discussion and Evaluation === | ||
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[[Ibn Kathir]] considered al-Mujahid's idea in conflict with the context of the verse, but said that other opinions would be right. | [[Ibn Kathir]] considered al-Mujahid's idea in conflict with the context of the verse, but said that other opinions would be right. | ||
Al-Qurtubi quoted from Abu Ishaq al-Zajjaj that different opinions are compatible for the interpretation of "words", because Ibrahim(a) was tested with all those. | Al-Qurtubi quoted from Abu Ishaq al-Zajjaj that different opinions are compatible for the interpretation of "words", because Ibrahim (a) was tested with all those. | ||
Even though the meaning of "words" is not mentioned in the Qur'an, but the context of the verse implies that whatever "words" have been, they have been important in proving Ibrahim's (a) competence for the position of [[imamate]]. | Even though the meaning of "words" is not mentioned in the Qur'an, but the context of the verse implies that whatever "words" have been, they have been important in proving Ibrahim's (a) competence for the position of [[imamate]]. | ||
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=== A Perfect Exemplar === | === A Perfect Exemplar === | ||
Third opinion: imamate in this verse refers to Ibrahim's (a) quality of being a perfect exemplar. | Third opinion: imamate in this verse refers to Ibrahim's (a) quality of being a perfect exemplar. | ||
The condition of reaching this position is that the person reaches a level of spiritual perfection that he (a) does not even commit a "[[Tark al-Awla]]" [priority failure]. Even though the prophets (s) before Ibrahim(a) were infallible, but according to the Qur'an, they sometimes committed something, abandoning which was preferred. These prophets (s) did not reach such a position as of Ibrahim(a) and their speech and actions cannot be regarded as the perfect example for mankind for all ages, but after passing difficult trials, Ibrahim(a) reached a position which is considered a perfect exemplar for all the mankind. | The condition of reaching this position is that the person reaches a level of spiritual perfection that he (a) does not even commit a "[[Tark al-Awla]]" [priority failure]. Even though the prophets (s) before Ibrahim (a) were infallible, but according to the Qur'an, they sometimes committed something, abandoning which was preferred. These prophets (s) did not reach such a position as of Ibrahim (a) and their speech and actions cannot be regarded as the perfect example for mankind for all ages, but after passing difficult trials, Ibrahim (a) reached a position which is considered a perfect exemplar for all the mankind. | ||
==== Criticism and Evaluation ==== | ==== Criticism and Evaluation ==== | ||