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Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abi Talib: Difference between revisions
Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abi Talib (view source)
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==Lineage== | ==Lineage== | ||
'Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abi Talib b. 'Abd al-Muttalib al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, his [[ | 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abi Talib b. 'Abd al-Muttalib al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, his [[teknonym]] was Abu Ja'far and his father was Ja'far -[[Imam Ali]]'s brother- and his mother was [[Asma' bt. 'Umays]]. He was a companion of the prophet (s), Imam Ali (a), and also Imam al-Hasan (a). | ||
{{Family tree of the Prophet (s)}} | {{Family tree of the Prophet (s)}} | ||
==Birth and Childhood== | ==Birth and Childhood== | ||
In the second [[Migration to Abyssinia]], Ja'far took his wife -[[Asma' bt. 'Umays|Asma']]- with him and 'Abd Allah was born there as the first child of Muslims in [[Abyssinia]] in [[2]] or [[3]] (623, 624, or 625). | In the second [[Migration to Abyssinia]], Ja'far took his wife<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr'', vol. 6, p. 462.</ref> -[[Asma' bt. 'Umays|Asma']]- with him and 'Abd Allah was born there as the first child of Muslims in [[Abyssinia]] in [[2]] or [[3]] (623, 624, or 625).<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 3, p. 880-881; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol. 3, p. 198.</ref> | ||
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Moreover, according to some other reports, he was a young child when the Prophet (s) caressed him after his father was [[martyrdom|martyred]] in the [[Battle of Muta]]. The Prophet (s) said that [[God]] has given his father two wings by which he can fly in [[Heaven]] -instead of his decapitated hands in the battle- so 'Abd Allah was titled as "Ibn Dhu l-Janahayn" (the son of who has two wings.) | 'Abd Allah returned to [[Medina]] along with his family after the [[Battle of Khaybar]] ([[7]]/628) and pledge [[allegiance]] to the [[Prophet (s)]].<ref>Ibn Hishām, ''al-Sīra al-nabawīyya'', vol. 4, p. 11, 24; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 3, p. 881; Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Aʿlam al-nisā'', vol. 27, p. 257.</ref> According to the narration which says that he pledged allegiance to the Prophet (s) when he was 7 and he was 10 when the Prophet (s) passed away, he was born in the first year after [[Hijra]] (622 or 623). | ||
Moreover, according to some other reports, he was a young child when the Prophet (s) caressed him after his father was [[martyrdom|martyred]] in the [[Battle of Muta]].<ref>Wāqidī, ''al-Maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 766-767; Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr'', vol. 6, p. 462-463.</ref> The Prophet (s) said that [[God]] has given his father two wings by which he can fly in [[Heaven]] -instead of his decapitated hands in the battle- so 'Abd Allah was titled as "Ibn Dhu l-Janahayn" (the son of who has two wings.)<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kabīr'', vol. 6, p. 462, 466; Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 6, p. 297.</ref> | |||
'Abd Allah later got involved in business and sometimes bought pieces of land and reclaimed them. | 'Abd Allah later got involved in business and sometimes bought pieces of land and reclaimed them. | ||
==After the Prophet (s)== | ==After the Prophet (s)== | ||
Most of historical sources did not report anything about his presence in the early battles in [[Islam]]; but according to the book ''[[Futuh al-Sham]]'', 'Abd Allah participated in the conquests of [[Syria]] which took place in the period of [['Umar b. Khattab|'Umar]]'s [[Caliphate]]. Abu 'Ubayda gave him a flag and appointed him as a commander of 500 cavalry. | Most of historical sources did not report anything about his presence in the early battles in [[Islam]]; but according to the book ''[[Futuh al-Sham]]'', 'Abd Allah participated in the conquests of [[Syria]] which took place in the period of [['Umar b. Khattab|'Umar]]'s [[Caliphate]]. Abu 'Ubayda gave him a flag and appointed him as a commander of 500 cavalry.<ref>Wāqidī, ''Futūḥ al-shām'', vol. 1, p. 100-108.</ref> | ||
When [[Abu Dhar]] was exiled to [[Rabadha]] in period of the Caliphate of [['Uthman b. 'Affan|'Uthman]], 'Abd Allah followed [[Ali (a)]] to the outskirts of [[Medina]] for bidding farewell to Abu Dhar. | When [[Abu Dhar]] was exiled to [[Rabadha]] in period of the Caliphate of [['Uthman b. 'Affan|'Uthman]], 'Abd Allah followed [[Ali (a)]] to the outskirts of [[Medina]] for bidding farewell to Abu Dhar.<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 172; Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 3, p. 84.</ref> | ||
According to [[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]], in the incident of [[Walid b. 'Uqba]] -the governor of [[Kufa]] appointed by 'Uthman who drunk wine and prayed the [[Prayer|Morning Prayer]] 4 [[rak'a]]s as [[Imam of congregational Prayer|Imam]] in the [[Mosque of Kufa]]- 'Abd Allah executed the [[Hadd]] (specific punishment for specific sins) by Imam Ali's order. | According to [[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]], in the incident of [[Walid b. 'Uqba]] -the governor of [[Kufa]] appointed by 'Uthman who drunk wine and prayed the [[Prayer|Morning Prayer]] 4 [[rak'a]]s as [[Imam of congregational Prayer|Imam]] in the [[Mosque of Kufa]]- 'Abd Allah executed the [[Hadd]] (specific punishment for specific sins) by Imam Ali's order. | ||
In [[35]]/656, when 'Uthman's house was surrounded by protesters, 'Abd Allah was among those who protect 'Uthman according to Imam Ali's order. | In [[35]]/656, when 'Uthman's house was surrounded by protesters, 'Abd Allah was among those who protect 'Uthman according to Imam Ali's order.<ref>Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 17, p. 232-234; Mufīd, ''al-Jumal'', p. 435-436.</ref> | ||
==During Imam Ali's Caliphate== | ==During Imam Ali's Caliphate== | ||
He pledged [[allegiance]] to [[Imam Ali (a)]] and was present in most of the events happened during his [[caliphate]]. He was in Imam's army in the [[Battle of Jamal]] and perhaps it was after this battle that he settled in [[Kufa]] like Imam Ali (a). | He pledged [[allegiance]] to [[Imam Ali (a)]] and was present in most of the events happened during his [[caliphate]].<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Jumal'', p. 109.</ref> He was in Imam's army in the [[Battle of Jamal]]<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 3, p. 105.</ref> and perhaps it was after this battle that he settled in [[Kufa]] like Imam Ali (a).<ref>Khalīfa b. Khayyāṭ, ''Kitab al-ṭabaqāt'', p. 213.</ref> | ||
He was the commander of infantry in the right wing of Imam Ali's army in the [[Battle of Siffin]] -commanding [[Quraysh]], [[Asad]], and [[Kinana]] tribes. In this battle, he and other fighters from Quraysh and [[Ansar]] attacked [['Amr b. al-'As]]. | He was the commander of infantry in the right wing of Imam Ali's army in the [[Battle of Siffin]] -commanding [[Quraysh]], [[Asad]], and [[Kinana]] tribes.<ref>Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 27, p. 272.</ref> In this battle, he and other fighters from Quraysh and [[Ansar]] attacked [['Amr b. al-'As]].<ref>Dīnawarī, ''al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 184.</ref> | ||
Imam Ali (a) counted survival of people like 'Abd Allah as the reason of his acceptance of [[Hakamiyya]]. | Imam Ali (a) counted survival of people like 'Abd Allah as the reason of his acceptance of [[Hakamiyya]].<ref>Naṣr b. Muzāhim, ''Waqʿat Ṣiffīn'', p. 530.</ref> | ||
Based on his consultation, Imam Ali (a) appointed [[Muhammad b. Abu Bakar]] -'Abd Allah's brother from his mother and Imam Ali's step son- as the governor of [[Egypt]] instead of [[Qays b. Sa'd]]. | Based on his consultation, Imam Ali (a) appointed [[Muhammad b. Abu Bakar]] -'Abd Allah's brother from his mother and Imam Ali's step son- as the governor of [[Egypt]] instead of [[Qays b. Sa'd]].<ref>Ṭabarī, Tārīkh Ṭabarī'', vol. 4, p. 554-555; Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 6, p. 63.</ref> | ||
According to [[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]], when Imam Ali (a) wanted to stop him from wasting and squandering his money, he became partner with [[Al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam|al-Zubayr]] so Imam Ali (a) backed off. | According to [[Ibn Abi l-Hadid]], when Imam Ali (a) wanted to stop him from wasting and squandering his money, he became partner with [[Al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam|al-Zubayr]] so Imam Ali (a) backed off.<ref>Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 1, p. 53; Dīnawarī, ''al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 215.</ref> | ||
===After Martyrdom of Imam Ali=== | ===After Martyrdom of Imam Ali=== | ||
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There is a historical account which says that he passed away in [[Abwa']] (a vally between Medina and [[Mecca]]) and [[Sulayman b. 'Abd al-Malik]], the [[Umayyad]] Caliph, performed Salat on his body and he was buried there. Apparently, his name was mistaken with another 'Abd Allah who passed away in [[99]]/717-18. | There is a historical account which says that he passed away in [[Abwa']] (a vally between Medina and [[Mecca]]) and [[Sulayman b. 'Abd al-Malik]], the [[Umayyad]] Caliph, performed Salat on his body and he was buried there. Apparently, his name was mistaken with another 'Abd Allah who passed away in [[99]]/717-18. | ||
==Notes== | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||