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Imams of the Shi'a: Difference between revisions
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==Proofs of Imamate== | ==Proofs of Imamate== | ||
{{main| | {{main|Imamate of the Twelve Imams (a)}} | ||
Proofs for [[Imamate]] have always been an important topic of books for [[Twelver Shi'a]] and Shi'a scholars have many works with different approaches about that. ''[[Kitab Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali's]]'' written in late 1st/7th century is among the oldest works in which the Twelve Imams (a) are mentioned.<ref>Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali. ''Kitab Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali'', p. 227; Al-Najashi, ''Rijal'', p. 440</ref> | Proofs for [[Imamate]] have always been an important topic of books for [[Twelver Shi'a]] and Shi'a scholars have many works with different approaches about that. ''[[Kitab Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali's]]'' written in late 1st/7th century is among the oldest works in which the Twelve Imams (a) are mentioned.<ref>Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali. ''Kitab Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali'', p. 227; Al-Najashi, ''Rijal'', p. 440</ref> | ||
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In addition to Shi'a hadiths, there are certain hadiths narrated in Sunni sources referring to twelve caliphs or imams after the [[the Prophet (s)|Holy Prophet (s)]]. During the 1st/7th century, there are hadiths narrated from some of the [[Companions|Companions of the Prophet (s)]], giving the good news about twelve imams (a) after the Prophet (s) which were being circulated in various meetings. Among those hadiths, the hadith narrated by [[Jabir b. Samura]] which is mentioned in both ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' and ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' is the most famous one. In this hadith, it is mentioned that emirs (imams or caliphs) after the Prophet (s) are 12 from [[Quraysh]].<ref>see: al-Bukhari, ''Sahih al-Bukhari''. vol. 8, p. 127; Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, ''Sahih Muslim''. vol. 3, p. 1452-1453; Abu Dawud. ''Sunan''. vol. 4, p. 106</ref> This hadith which is among the most famous hadiths in the Islamic world, was first mentioned in Sunni sources and then in Shi'a sources.<ref>cf. al-Nu'mani, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 62; al-Shaykh al-Saduq, ''al-Khisal'', p. 469 ff; al-Khazzaz al-Qumi, ''Kifayat al-athar'', p. 49 ff; Ahmad b. A'yyash al-Jawhari,. ''Muqtadab al-athar'', p. 4</ref> | In addition to Shi'a hadiths, there are certain hadiths narrated in Sunni sources referring to twelve caliphs or imams after the [[the Prophet (s)|Holy Prophet (s)]]. During the 1st/7th century, there are hadiths narrated from some of the [[Companions|Companions of the Prophet (s)]], giving the good news about twelve imams (a) after the Prophet (s) which were being circulated in various meetings. Among those hadiths, the hadith narrated by [[Jabir b. Samura]] which is mentioned in both ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' and ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' is the most famous one. In this hadith, it is mentioned that emirs (imams or caliphs) after the Prophet (s) are 12 from [[Quraysh]].<ref>see: al-Bukhari, ''Sahih al-Bukhari''. vol. 8, p. 127; Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, ''Sahih Muslim''. vol. 3, p. 1452-1453; Abu Dawud. ''Sunan''. vol. 4, p. 106</ref> This hadith which is among the most famous hadiths in the Islamic world, was first mentioned in Sunni sources and then in Shi'a sources.<ref>cf. al-Nu'mani, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 62; al-Shaykh al-Saduq, ''al-Khisal'', p. 469 ff; al-Khazzaz al-Qumi, ''Kifayat al-athar'', p. 49 ff; Ahmad b. A'yyash al-Jawhari,. ''Muqtadab al-athar'', p. 4</ref> | ||
In a lower level, a hadith narrated from [[Ibn Mas'ud]] can be mentioned which implies that the number of caliphs after the Prophet (s) are 12 as the same number of the chiefs of [[Banu Israel]].<ref>see: Ahmad b. Hanbal. ''Musnad Ahmad''. vol. 1, p. 398-406; Al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala al-sahihayn''. vol. 4, p. 501; cf. al-Nu'mani, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 74-75; al-Khazzaz al-Qumi, ''Kifayat al-athar'', p. 33 ff; Ahmad b. A'yyash al-Jawhari,. ''Muqtadab al-athar'', p. 3</ref> Sunni scholars give a different interpretation of these 12 imams and introduce people other than the Imams (a) of Shi'a. | In a lower level, a hadith narrated from [[Ibn Mas'ud]] can be mentioned which implies that the number of caliphs after the Prophet (s) are 12 as the same number of the chiefs of [[Banu Israel]].<ref>see: Ahmad b. Hanbal. ''Musnad Ahmad''. vol. 1, p. 398-406; Al-Hakim al-Naysaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala al-sahihayn''. vol. 4, p. 501; cf. al-Nu'mani, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 74-75; al-Khazzaz al-Qumi, ''Kifayat al-athar'', p. 33 ff; Ahmad b. A'yyash al-Jawhari,. ''Muqtadab al-athar'', p. 3</ref> Sunni scholars give a different interpretation of these 12 imams and introduce people other than the Imams (a) of Shi'a. | ||
==Introducing the Imams (a) of Shi'a== | ==Introducing the Imams (a) of Shi'a== | ||