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Sura (Arabic: سورة), in technical usage, means a part of Qur'an that has a coherent content and has a beginning and an ending. Qur'an has 114 suras beginning with sura al-Hamd and ending with sura al-Nas. Suras of Qur'an, except for sura al-Tawba, begin with "bism Allah" (In the name of Allah the All-beneficent the All-merciful) phrase. The word "sura" is used 8 times in singular form and 1 time in plural form. There's a disagreement about the order of suras being Tawqifi (specified by Allah) or Ijtihadi (by judgment of the companions).
Sura (Arabic: سورة), in technical usage, means a part of Qur'an that has a coherent content and has a beginning and an ending. Qur'an has 114 suras beginning with sura al-Hamd and ending with sura al-Nas. Suras of Qur'an, except for sura al-Tawba, begin with "bism Allah" (In the name of Allah the All-beneficent the All-merciful) phrase. The word "sura" is used 8 times in singular form and 1 time in plural form. There's a disagreement about the order of suras being Tawqifi (specified by Allah) or Ijtihadi (by judgment of the companions).
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:250px; line-height:95%; font-size:95%;margin:5px 15px 5px 0px;" align="right"
!No.
!Alphabetical
!Name
!Verses
!Order of Revelation
!Place of Revelation
|-
|1
|63
|[[Al-Fatiha]] (the Opening)
|7
|5
|Makki
|-
|2
|16
|[[سوره بقره|بقره]]
|286
|87
|Madani
|-
|3
|1
|[[سوره آل عمران|آل عمران]]
|200
|89
| Madani
|-
|4
|104
|[[سوره نساء|نساء]]
|176
|92
|Madani
|-
|5
|84
|[[سوره مائده|مائده]]
|120
|112
|Madani
|-
|6
|12
|[[سوره انعام|انعام]]
|165
|55
|Makki
|-
|7
|7
|[[سوره اعراف|اعراف]]
|206
|39
|Makki
|-
|8
|13
|[[سوره انفال|انفال]]
|75
|88
|Madani
|-
|9
|23
|[[سوره توبه|توبه]]
|129
|113
|Madani
|-
|10
|114
|[[سوره یونس|یونس]]
|109
|51
|Makki
|-
|11
|110
|[[سوره هود|هود]]
|123
|52
|Makki
|-
|12
|113
|[[سوره یوسف|یوسف]]
|111
|53
|Makki
|-
|13
|37
|[[سوره رعد|رعد]]
|43
|96
|Madani
|-
|14
|2
|[[سوره ابراهیم|ابراهیم]]
|52
|72
|Makki
|-
|15
|30
|[[سوره حجر|حِجر]]
|99
|54
|Makki
|-
|16
|103
|[[سوره نحل|نحل]]
|128
|70
|Makki
|-
|17
|6
|[[سوره اسراء|اسراء]]
|111
|50
|Makki
|-
|18
|80
|[[سوره کهف|کهف]]
|110
|69
|Makki
|-
|19
|90
|[[سوره مریم|مریم]]
|98
|44
|Makki
|-
|20
|54
|[[سوره طه|طه]]
|135
|45
|Makki
|-
|21
|9
|[[سوره انبیاء|انبیاء]]
|112
|73
|Makki
|-
|22
|29
|[[سوره حج|حج]]
|78
|103
|Madani
|-
|23
|98
|[[سوره مؤمنون|مؤمنون]]
|118
|74
|Makki
|-
|24
|108
|[[سوره نور|نور]]
|64
|102
|Madani
|-
|25
|67
|[[سوره فرقان|فرقان]]
|77
|42
|Makki
|-
|26
|45
|[[سوره شعراء|شعراء]]
|227
|47
|Makki
|-
|27
|106
|[[سوره نمل|نمل]]
|93
|48
|Makki
|-
|28
|75
|[[سوره قصص|قصص]]
|88
|49
|Makki
|-
|29
|60
|[[سوره عنکبوت|عنکبوت]]
|69
|85
|Makki
|-
|30
|38
|[[سوره روم|روم]]
|60
|84
|Makki
|-
|31
|82
|[[سوره لقمان|لقمان]]
|34
|57
|Makki
|-
|32
|43
|[[سوره سجده|سجده]]
|30
|75
|Makki
|-
|33
|3
|[[سوره احزاب|احزاب]]
|73
|90
|Madani
|-
|34
|42
|[[سوره سبأ|سبأ]]
|54
|58
|Makki
|-
|35
|64
|[[سوره فاطر|فاطر]]
|45
|43
|Makki
|-
|36
|112
|[[سوره یس|یس]]
|83
|41
|Makki
|-
|37
|49
|[[سوره صافات|صافات]]
|182
|56
|Makki
|-
|38
|48
|[[سوره ص|ص]]
|88
|38
|Makki
|-
|39
|41
|[[سوره زمر|زمر]]
|75
|59
|Makki
|-
|40
|62
|[[سوره غافر|غافر]]
|85
|60
| Makki
|-
|41
|68
|[[سوره فصلت|فصّلت]]
|54
|61
|Makki
|-
|42
|47
|[[سوره شوری|شوری]]
|53
|62
|Makki
|-
|43
|39
|[[سوره زخرف|زخرف]]
|89
|63
|Makki
|-
|44
|34
|[[سوره دخان|دخان]]
|59
|64
|Makki
|-
|45
|25
|[[سوره جاثیه|جاثیه]]
|37
|65
|Makki
|-
|46
|4
|[[سوره احقاف|احقاف]]
|35
|66
|Makki
|-
|47
|87
|[[سوره محمد|محمد]]
|38
|95
|Madani
|-
|48
|65
|[[سوره فتح|فتح]]
|29
|111
|Madani
|-
|49
|31
|[[سوره حجرات|حجرات]]
|18
|106
|Madani
|-
|50
|71
|[[سوره ق|ق]]
|45
|34
|Makki
|-
|51
|35
|[[سوره ذاریات|ذاریات]]
|60
|67
|Makki
|-
|52
|55
|[[سوره طور|طور]]
|49
|76
|Makki
|-
|53
|102
|[[سوره نجم|نجم]]
|62
|23
|Makki
|-
|54
|77
|[[سوره قمر|قمر]]
|55
|37
|Makki
|-
|55
|36
|[[سوره رحمن|الرحمن]]
|78
|97
|Madani
|-
|56
|111
|[[سوره واقعه|واقعه]]
|96
|46
|Makki
|-
|57
|32
|[[سوره حدید|حدید]]
|29
|94
|Madani
|-
|58
|86
|[[سوره مجادله|مجادله]]
|22
|105
|Madani
|-
|59
|33
|[[سوره حشر|حشر]]
|24
|101
|Madani
|-
|60
|96
|[[سوره ممتحنه|ممتحنه]]
|13
|91
|Madani
|-
|61
|50
|[[سوره صف|صف]]
|14
|109
|Madani
|-
|62
|26
|[[سوره جمعه|جمعه]]
|11
|110
|Madani
|-
|63
|97
|[[سوره منافقون|منافقون]]
|11
|104
|Madani
|-
|64
|20
|[[سوره تغابن|تغابن]]
|18
|108
|Madani
|-
|65
|53
|[[سوره طلاق|طلاق]]
|12
|99
|Madani
|-
|66
|19
|[[سوره تحریم|تحریم]]
|12
|107
|Madani
|-
|67
|95
|[[سوره ملک|مُلک]]
|30
|77
|Makki
|-
|68
|76
|[[سوره قلم|قلم]]
|52
|2
|Makki
|-
|69
|28
|[[سوره حاقه|حاقه]]
|52
|78
|Makki
|-
|70
|94
|[[سوره معارج|معارج]]
|44
|79
|Makki
|-
|71
|107
|[[سوره نوح|نوح]]
|28
|71
|Makki
|-
|72
|27
|[[سوره جن|جن]]
|28
|40
|Makki
|-
|73
|91
|[[سوره مزمل|مزّمّل]]
|20
|3
|Makki
|-
|74
|88
|[[سوره مدثر|مدثر]]
|56
|4
|Makki
|-
|75
|78
|[[سوره قیامه|قیامه]]
|40
|31
|Makki
|-
|76
|10
|[[سوره انسان|انسان]]
|31
|98
|Madani
|-
|77
|89
|[[سوره مرسلات|مرسلات]]
|50
|33
|Makki
|-
|78
|101
|[[سوره نبأ|نبأ]]
|40
|80
|Makki
|-
|79
|99
|[[سوره نازعات|نازعات]]
|46
|81
|Makki
|-
|80
|57
|[[سوره عبس|عبس]]
|42
|24
|Makki
|-
|81
|22
|[[سوره تکویر|تکویر]]
|29
|7
|Makki
|-
|82
|14
|[[سوره انفطار|انفطار]]
|19
|82
|Makki
|-
|83
|93
|[[سوره مطففین|مطففین]]
|36
|86
|Makki
|-
|84
|11
|[[سوره انشقاق|انشقاق]]
|25
|83
|Makki
|-
|85
|15
|[[سوره بروج|بروج]]
|22
|27
|Makki
|-
|86
|52
|[[سوره طارق|طارق]]
|17
|36
|Makki
|-
|87
|8
|[[سوره اعلی|اعلی]]
|19
|8
|Makki
|-
|88
|61
|[[سوره غاشیه|غاشیه]]
|26
|68
|Makki
|-
|89
|66
|[[سوره فجر|فجر]]
|30
|10
|Makki
|-
|90
|17
|[[سوره بلد|بلد]]
|20
|35
|Makki
|-
|91
|46
|[[سوره شمس|شمس]]
|15
|26
|Makki
|-
|92
|83
|[[سوره لیل|لیل]]
|21
|9
|Makki
|-
|93
|51
|[[سوره ضحی|ضحی]]
|11
|11
|Makki
|-
|94
|44
|[[سوره شرح|شرح]]
|8
|12
|Makki
|-
|95
|24
|[[سوره تین|تین]]
|8
|28
|Makki
|-
|96
|59
|[[سوره علق|علق]]
|19
|1
|Makki
|-
|97
|73
|[[سوره قدر|قدر]]
|5
|25
|Makki
|-
|98
|18
|[[سوره بینه|بینه]]
|8
|100
|Madani
|-
|99
|40
|[[سوره زلزله|زلزله]]
|8
|93
|Madani
|-
|100
|56
|[[سوره عادیات|عادیات]]
|11
|14
|Makki
|-
|101
|72
|[[سوره قارعه|قارعه]]
|11
|30
|Makki
|-
|102
|21
|[[سوره تکاثر|تکاثر]]
|8
|16
|Makki
|-
|103
|58
|[[سوره عصر|عصر]]
|3
|13
|Makki
|-
|104
|109
|[[سوره همزه|همزه]]
|9
|32
|Makki
|-
|105
|70
|[[سوره فیل|فیل]]
|5
|19
|Makki
|-
|106
|74
|[[سوره قریش|قریش]]
|4
|29
|Makki
|-
|107
|85
|[[سوره ماعون|ماعون]]
|7
|17
|Makki
|-
|108
|81
|[[سوره کوثر|کوثر]]
|3
|15
|Makki
|-
|109
|79
|[[سوره کافرون|کافرون]]
|6
|18
|Makki
|-
|110
|105
|[[سوره نصر|نصر]]
|3
|114
|Madani
|-
|111
|92
|[[سوره مسد|مسد]]
|5
|6
|Makki
|-
|112
|5
|[[سوره اخلاص|اخلاص]]
|4
|22
|Makki
|-
|113
|69
|[[سوره فلق|فلق]]
|5
|20
|Makki
|-
|114
|100
|[[سوره ناس|ناس]]
|6
|21
|Makki
|-
|}


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
Line 53: Line 862:
Qur'an gradually revealed to the Prophet (s), in the length of 23 years (gradual revelation). According to the historical records, Imam 'Ali (a) was the first one to collect Qur'an after the demise of the Prophet (s); the suras in the collected Qur'an (Mushaf of Imam 'Ali) was ordered according to the order of revelation. After the completion of the work, he loaded it on a camel (due to its bulk) and brought it to the companions, but they didn't accept it and said that they don't need it, so Imam 'Ali (a) hid it and after that no one saw the Mushaf of Imam 'Ali; Shi'as believe that other Imams had inherited the Mushaf and now it is in the possession of Imam al-Mahdi (a). According to al-Shaykh al-Mufid, Imam 'Ali (a) had ordered Qur'an according to the order of revelation and placed Makki suras before Madani suras and Mansukh before Nasikh.
Qur'an gradually revealed to the Prophet (s), in the length of 23 years (gradual revelation). According to the historical records, Imam 'Ali (a) was the first one to collect Qur'an after the demise of the Prophet (s); the suras in the collected Qur'an (Mushaf of Imam 'Ali) was ordered according to the order of revelation. After the completion of the work, he loaded it on a camel (due to its bulk) and brought it to the companions, but they didn't accept it and said that they don't need it, so Imam 'Ali (a) hid it and after that no one saw the Mushaf of Imam 'Ali; Shi'as believe that other Imams had inherited the Mushaf and now it is in the possession of Imam al-Mahdi (a). According to al-Shaykh al-Mufid, Imam 'Ali (a) had ordered Qur'an according to the order of revelation and placed Makki suras before Madani suras and Mansukh before Nasikh.


The existing Qur'an is collected in the time of the rule of 'Uthman b. 'Affan which begins with the sura al-Fatiha and ends with the sura al-Nas. The existing Qur'an is verified by Imam 'Ali and  
The existing Qur'an is collected in the time of the rule of 'Uthman b. 'Affan which begins with the sura al-Fatiha and ends with the sura al-Nas. The existing Qur'an is verified by Imam 'Ali and
other Imams.
other Imams.


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