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Al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli: Difference between revisions
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| Religious Affiliation = Shi'a | | Religious Affiliation = Shi'a | ||
| Lineage = | | Lineage = | ||
| Well known relatives = Hasan b. Yahya (father) | | Well known relatives = Hasan b. Yahya (father) • [[Al-Allama al-Hilli]] • [[Ali b. Yusuf al-Hilli]] (nephew) | ||
| Birth = [[Rabi' II 18]], [[602]]/[[December 2]], [[1205]]) | | Birth = [[Rabi' II 18]], [[602]]/[[December 2]], [[1205]]) | ||
| Place of Birth = [[Hillah]] | | Place of Birth = [[Hillah]] | ||
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| Death = [[Rabi' I 13]], [[676]]/[[August 14]], 1277 | | Death = [[Rabi' I 13]], [[676]]/[[August 14]], 1277 | ||
| Burial place = Hillah | | Burial place = Hillah | ||
| Professors = His father | | Professors = His father • [[Ibn Nama]] • [[Sayyid Fakhkhar al-Musawi]] • [[Ibn Idris al-Hilli]] | ||
| Students = [[al- | | Students = [[al-Allama al-Hilli]] • [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]] • [[Ibn Rabib al-'Adami]] • [[Al-Sayyid Abd al-Karim b. Ahmad b. Tawus]] | ||
| Permission for hadith transmission from = | | Permission for hadith transmission from = | ||
| Permission for ijtihad from = | | Permission for ijtihad from = | ||
| Permission for hadith transmission to = | | Permission for hadith transmission to = | ||
| Permission for ijtihad to = | | Permission for ijtihad to = | ||
| Works =''[[Sharayi' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram|Sharayi' al-islam]]'' | | Works =''[[Sharayi' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram|Sharayi' al-islam]]'' • ''[[Al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]'' • ''[[Al-Nafi' fi mukhtasar al-sharayi']]'' | ||
| Scholarly activities = | | Scholarly activities = | ||
| Socio-political activities = | | Socio-political activities = | ||
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| Official website = | | Official website = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Abu l-Qāsim Jaʿfar b. Ḥasan b. Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Ḥillī''' (Arabic: {{ | '''Abu l-Qāsim Jaʿfar b. Ḥasan b. Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Ḥillī''' (Arabic: {{ia|ابوالقاسم جعفر بن حسن بن یحیی بن سعید الحلي}}), (b. [[602]]/1205 - d. [[676]]/1277) commonly regarded as '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Hillī''' or '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Awwal''', was a great [[Shi'a]] [[faqih]] (jurist), [[usuli]], and poet in the 7/[[13]] century. He was one of the best-known faqihs of his time, and he is meant by the word "Muhaqqiq" (researcher) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of faqihs. | ||
Some great scholars, such as [[al- | Some great scholars, such as [[al-Allama al-Hilli]], [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim b. Tawus]], and [[Ibn Sa'id al-Hilli]] were among his students. He was exceptionally respected by [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]]. He was the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'' and ''[[al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]''. | ||
==Life and Education== | ==Life and Education== | ||
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==Teachers== | ==Teachers== | ||
{{col-begin}} | {{col-begin}} | ||
* His father | * His father, Shams al-Din [[Hasan b. Yahya al-Hilli]]. | ||
* [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama]] | * [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama]] | ||
* [[Abu l-Makarim Ibn Zuhra]]. Of course there are doubts about his being a student of Ibn Zuhra. [[Murtada Mutahhari]] states that al-Muhaqiq passed away in 676/1277-78 and he could definitely not have attended the lessons of Ibn Zuhra who had died in 585/1189.<ref>Motahhari, ''Āshnāyī ba ʿulūm-i islāmī'', vol. 3, p. 81-82.</ref> | * [[Abu l-Makarim Ibn Zuhra]]. Of course there are doubts about his being a student of Ibn Zuhra. [[Murtada Mutahhari]] states that al-Muhaqiq passed away in 676/1277-78 and he could definitely not have attended the lessons of Ibn Zuhra who had died in 585/1189.<ref>Motahhari, ''Āshnāyī ba ʿulūm-i islāmī'', vol. 3, p. 81-82.</ref> | ||
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He was a fluent writer and had many profound books. He authored fourteen books in different fields. Some of his works are still among the course books of religious studies. | He was a fluent writer and had many profound books. He authored fourteen books in different fields. Some of his works are still among the course books of religious studies. | ||
The book ''[[Shara'i' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram]]''; regarding both text and context, it is one of the greatest jurisprudential books of [[Shi'a]]. It has been considered and highly acclaimed by great scholars | The book ''[[Shara'i' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram]]''; regarding both text and context, it is one of the greatest jurisprudential books of [[Shi'a]]. It has been considered and highly acclaimed by great scholars. Many commentaries and annotations are written on it, the best example is ''[[Jawahir al-kalam]]'' in forty-three volumes. ''Sharayi' al-Islam'' is translated into Persian, Russian, French, German, and Urdu and is used in judicial faculties and institutes. | ||
==Poetry and Literature== | ==Poetry and Literature== | ||
Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was also a poet. [[Ethics]], [[mysticism]], and [[wisdom]] were the main contents of his poetry, and they were written in forms of correspondence and capping verses, addressing his father or friends.<ref>Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 89.</ref> | Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was also a poet. [[Ethics]], [[mysticism]], and [[wisdom]] were the main contents of his poetry, and they were written in forms of correspondence and capping verses, addressing his father or friends.<ref>Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 89.</ref> | ||
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[[Al-Muhaddith al-Nuri]] has praised him as follows: | [[Al-Muhaddith al-Nuri]] has praised him as follows: | ||
:"(He was) the discoverer of facts of [[Shari'a]] (Divine Law), with such delicate points known by no one before. He was the chief of scholars, the [[jurist]] of [[philosophy|philosophers]], the luminous sun of the learned, and the full moon of | :"(He was) the discoverer of facts of [[Shari'a]] (Divine Law), with such delicate points known by no one before. He was the chief of scholars, the [[jurist]] of [[philosophy|philosophers]], the luminous sun of the learned, and the full moon of mystics. His name and knowledge recounts the story of [[Khazra' Island]], and is the heir to the knowledge of the [[infallible]] [[Imams (a)]] and legitimate leaders of all creatures. He raised the flag of investigation over creatures. May [[God]] send an apparent and concealed beam of His [[blessing]]s on his tomb and grant him a proper place and elevated position in [[Paradise]]." | ||
Moreover, [[Sayyid Hasan al-Sadr]] has stated: | Moreover, [[Sayyid Hasan al-Sadr]] has stated: | ||
:"The pen is impotent in counting his virtues. He is the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'', which is as the [[Qur'an]] of fiqh [it is the most important book in the field]. He has some well-known books in [[usul al-fiqh]] as ''[[al-Nafi']]'', ''[[al-Mu'tabar]]'', and ''[[al-Ma'arij]]'', and has some compilations in [[theology]] which are mentioned in the comprehensive books | :"The pen is impotent in counting his virtues. He is the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'', which is as the [[Qur'an]] of fiqh [it is the most important book in the field]. He has some well-known books in [[usul al-fiqh]] as ''[[al-Nafi']]'', ''[[al-Mu'tabar]]'', and ''[[al-Ma'arij]]'', and has some compilations in [[theology]] which are mentioned in the comprehensive books. More than 400 learned [[mujtahid]]s were graduated from his lessons, the resume of whom is recorded in [[rijal]] books, and such achievements are yet gained by no one else. He passed away in [[Hillah]] in [[Rabi' II]], [[696]], and there is a shrine to his honorable grave, which is blessed by [[pilgrim]]s."<ref>Ṣadr, ''Taʾsīs al-Shīʿa'', p. 305-306.</ref> | ||
Al-Shaykh al-Hasan (the son of [[al-Shahid al-Thani]]), commonly regarded as "[[Sahib Ma'alim]]" (the author of [[Ma'alim al-usul]]), has noted about him: | Al-Shaykh al-Hasan (the son of [[al-Shahid al-Thani]]), commonly regarded as "[[Sahib Ma'alim]]" (the author of [[Ma'alim al-usul]]), has noted about him: | ||
:"[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] would have better called al-Muhaqiq the greatest fiqh scholar of all times, for he was the foremost amongst the Shi'a faqihs, and no one resembles him."<ref>Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 89.</ref> | :"[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] would have better-called al-Muhaqiq the greatest fiqh scholar of all times, for he was the foremost amongst the Shi'a faqihs, and no one resembles him."<ref>Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 4, p. 89.</ref> | ||
[[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], a student of al-Muhaqqiq, writes about his teacher in [[Rijal of Ibn Dawud|his rijal book]]: | [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], a student of al-Muhaqqiq, writes about his teacher in [[Rijal of Ibn Dawud|his rijal book]]: | ||
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Describing him, [[Morteza Motahhari]] says: | Describing him, [[Morteza Motahhari]] says: | ||
:"There is no precedent for him in fiqh. His highness is meant by the word "Muhaqiq" (investigator) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of jurists. The great philosopher and mathematician, [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]], has visited him in Hillah | :"There is no precedent for him in fiqh. His highness is meant by the word "Muhaqiq" (investigator) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of jurists. The great philosopher and mathematician, [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]], has visited him in Hillah and attended his fiqh lessons. The books of al-Muhaqiq, especially ''Sharayi''', are and have been among the course books of religious students, and many scholars have written commentaries and annotations on them.<ref>Motahhari, ''Āshnāyī ba ʿulūm-i islāmī'', vol. 3, p. 81-82.</ref> | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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{{Faqihs of Hillah}} | {{Faqihs of Hillah}} | ||
{{Prominent Scholars}} | {{Prominent Scholars}} | ||
[[fa:محقق حلی]] | [[fa:محقق حلی]] | ||
[[ar:المحقق الحلي]] | [[ar:المحقق الحلي]] | ||
[[ur:محقق حلی]] | [[ur:محقق حلی]] | ||
<onlyinclude>{{Editorial Box | <onlyinclude>{{Editorial Box | ||
| priority =a | | priority =a | ||
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| featured article =March 9, 2015 | | featured article =March 9, 2015 | ||
}}</onlyinclude> | }}</onlyinclude> | ||
[[Category:Early Faqihs]] | |||
[[Category:Scholars of usul]] | |||
[[Category:Shia theologians]] | |||
[[Category:Poets]] | |||
[[Category:Buried in Hillah]] | |||
[[Category:Scholars of the 13th century]] | |||
[[Category:Faqihs of Hillah]] | |||
[[Category:Early Faqihs]] | [[Category:Early Faqihs]] | ||