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Uways al-Qarani: Difference between revisions
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Uways was living in [[Yemen]] during the lifetime of the [[Holy Prophet (s)]] but he could never meet him. | Uways was living in [[Yemen]] during the lifetime of the [[Holy Prophet (s)]] but he could never meet him. | ||
He was a camel herder | He was a camel herder and took care of his old, blind mother. Once, he wanted to go to [[Medina]] to visit the Holy Prophet (s). His mother allowed him to do so on the condition that he will return home before the day is over. He went to Medina, but when he reached Medina, the Holy Prophet (s) had left the city for a period, so Uways was not able to meet him, and left Medina for Yemen, because of his promise to his mother. | ||
When the Holy Prophet (s) came back to Medina | When the Holy Prophet (s) came back to Medina he asked, "Whose light am I seeing in this house?", he was answered, "a camel herder named Uways, came and left soon". The Holy Prophet (s) said, "He left this light in our house as a present and left."<ref>[[al-Majlisi]], ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]'', vol.42 p.155; [[Shaykh 'Abbas al-Qummi|al-Qummi]], ''[[Muntaha al-amal]]'', p.239</ref> | ||
According to not-so-reliable narrations, Uways came to Medina with a group from Yemen or [[Kufa]] and [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] recognized him with the signs the Holy Prophet (s) had given him.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.6 p.162-163; al-Dhahabi, ''Siyar a'lam al-nubala' '', vol.4 p.20</ref> | According to not-so-reliable narrations, Uways came to Medina with a group from Yemen or [[Kufa]] and [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] recognized him with the signs the Holy Prophet (s) had given him.<ref>Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.6 p.162-163; al-Dhahabi, ''Siyar a'lam al-nubala' '', vol.4 p.20</ref> | ||
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All of who had seen Uways, described him in poverty and anonymity, and it is said that he did not have appropriate clothes, and this was one of the reasons of his seclusion.<ref>Ibn Mubarak, ''al-Zuhd wa al-raqa'iq'', p.293; Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.6 p.161-165; Ibn Hanbal, ''al-Zuhd'', p.475-477, 480-481</ref> In another report it is said that he wore a rough woolen cloth.<ref>[[Mufid]], ''[[al-Irshad]]'', p.306; Kashshi, ''Ma'rifat al-rijal'', p.98</ref> | All of who had seen Uways, described him in poverty and anonymity, and it is said that he did not have appropriate clothes, and this was one of the reasons of his seclusion.<ref>Ibn Mubarak, ''al-Zuhd wa al-raqa'iq'', p.293; Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.6 p.161-165; Ibn Hanbal, ''al-Zuhd'', p.475-477, 480-481</ref> In another report it is said that he wore a rough woolen cloth.<ref>[[Mufid]], ''[[al-Irshad]]'', p.306; Kashshi, ''Ma'rifat al-rijal'', p.98</ref> | ||
Also some aphorisms about the unreliability of the world and the proximity of the death is reported | Also some aphorisms about the unreliability of the world and the proximity of the death is reported from him.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''al-Zuhd'', p.479-480; Ibn Sa'd, ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', vol.6 p.164-165</ref> | ||
There are some extended mentions of Uways in the literature of Sufis.<ref>Abu Nu'am al-Isfahani, ''Hilya al-awliya''', vol.2 p.79-87; [['Attar]], ''[[Tadhkira al-awliya']]'', p.19</ref> | There are some extended mentions of Uways in the literature of Sufis.<ref>Abu Nu'am al-Isfahani, ''Hilya al-awliya''', vol.2 p.79-87; [['Attar]], ''[[Tadhkira al-awliya']]'', p.19</ref> | ||
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According to [['Attar Nisaburi]] in ''[[Tadhkirat al-awliya']]'', the Holy Prophet (s) said to his [[companions]]: 'Say my [[Salam]] to Uways and give him my dress and ask him to pray for the [[Umma]]', after the demise of the Holy Prophet (s), [['Umar]] saw him in [['Arafat]] and fulfilled the wish of the Holy Prophet (s).<ref>'Attar, ''Tadhkirat al-awliya' '', p.20-21</ref> | According to [['Attar Nisaburi]] in ''[[Tadhkirat al-awliya']]'', the Holy Prophet (s) said to his [[companions]]: 'Say my [[Salam]] to Uways and give him my dress and ask him to pray for the [[Umma]]', after the demise of the Holy Prophet (s), [['Umar]] saw him in [['Arafat]] and fulfilled the wish of the Holy Prophet (s).<ref>'Attar, ''Tadhkirat al-awliya' '', p.20-21</ref> | ||
There's much possibility that this story and other stories reported in the books of Sufis is forged | There's much possibility that this story and other stories reported in the books of Sufis is forged to make virtues for him, because they do not have proper sources and Sufis consider him as one of their [[Shaykh]]s and there is weird stories about him in these books. | ||
===In Shi'a Opinion=== | ===In Shi'a Opinion=== | ||
In the opinion of [[Shi'a]], Uways has a special status as one of the companions of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]],<ref>Mufid, ''al-Ikhtisas'', p.6-7,61,81-82; Kashshi, ''Ma'rifat al-rijal'', p.9</ref> [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] has named him as one of the Shi'as who pledged allegiance to Imam 'Ali (a).<ref>Mufid, ''al-Jamal'', p.109</ref> | In the opinion of [[Shi'a]], Uways has a special status as one of the companions of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]],<ref>Mufid, ''al-Ikhtisas'', p.6-7,61,81-82; Kashshi, ''Ma'rifat al-rijal'', p.9</ref> [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] has named him as one of the Shi'as who pledged allegiance to Imam 'Ali (a).<ref>Mufid, ''al-Jamal'', p.109</ref> | ||
===In Sufis Opinion=== | ===In Sufis' Opinion=== | ||
Uways is considered as one of the insane wises.<ref>Niyshaburi, '' 'Uqala' al-majanin'', vol.1 p.47; 'Ayn al-Qudat, ''Tamhidat'', p.349</ref> He is noted very much by Sufis because of | Uways is considered as one of the insane wises.<ref>Niyshaburi, '' 'Uqala' al-majanin'', vol.1 p.47; 'Ayn al-Qudat, ''Tamhidat'', p.349</ref> He is noted very much by Sufis because of his seclusion and his intuitions ([[Mukashafa]]) although he did not do very much [[mystical]] practices and was not old when he reached this rank. | ||
There is a cult in [[Sufism]] named Uwaysi. | There is a cult in [[Sufism]] named Uwaysi. | ||