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Sura al-Shams: Difference between revisions
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'''Sura al-Shams''' (Arabic: {{ia|الشَمس سورة}}) is | '''Sura al-Shams''' (Arabic: {{ia|الشَمس سورة}}) is ninety first [[sura]] of the Qur'an. It is a [[Makki sura]] located in juz' thirty. It is called al-Shams (the sun) because it begins with an [[oath]] to "Shams". It is mentioned that the [[Prophet (s)]] used to order his [[companions]] to recite this sura. The main content of this sura are relevant to ethical issues as well as the story of the [[Prophet Salih (a)]] and the story of his [[She-Camel of Salih (a)|She-Camel]] and the [[people of Thamud]]. | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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|{{arabic|'''وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَاهَا'''}} | |{{arabic|'''وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَاهَا'''}} | ||
By the sun and her forenoon splendor | By the sun and her forenoon splendor | ||
|source = | |source = Qur'an 91:1 | ||
}} | }} | ||
Its other name is Salih's camel, for some part of this sura which is on the | Its other name is Salih's camel, for some part of this sura which is on the Prophet Salih (a) and his people which killed his She-Camel. | ||
===Place and Order of Revelation=== | ===Place and Order of Revelation=== | ||
Sura al-Shams is [[Makki sura]] of the Qur'an and it is the | Sura al-Shams is [[Makki sura]] of the Qur'an and it is the twenty sixth sura revealed to the Prophet (s). In the traditional order of the compilation of the Qur'an, Sura al-Shams is the ninety first sura in its thirtieth juz'. | ||
===Number of Verses and Other Features=== | ===Number of Verses and Other Features=== | ||
Sura al-Shams consists of | Sura al-Shams consists of fifteen verses, fifty four words, and 253 letters. It counts as one of the [[mufassalat suras]] of the Qur'an. And it is one of the suras which begin with swearing. This sura has the highest number of [[oath]] in Qur'an since the eleven verses of this sura begin with swearing. | ||
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==A Sura with Eleven Oaths== | ==A Sura with Eleven Oaths== | ||
[[File:بخشی از سوره شمس به خط ریحان.jpg|thumbnail|Beginning verses of Sura al-Shams written in Riyhan font by 'Ala' al-Din Tabrizi, dating back to 978/1570-71 in Astan-i Quds-i Radawi library.|250px]] | [[File:بخشی از سوره شمس به خط ریحان.jpg|thumbnail|Beginning verses of Sura al-Shams written in Riyhan font by 'Ala' al-Din Tabrizi, dating back to 978/1570-71 in Astan-i Quds-i Radawi library.|250px]] | ||
In the commentaries of Sura al-Shams, it has been said that the number of consecutive oaths at the beginning of this sura which are eleven oaths, is the highest number of oath in the suras of Qur'an and clearly shows that an important message is to be mentioned, a message as great as the skies, the earth, the sun, and the moon. About the oaths in the Qur'an, it has been said that these oaths are generally for two reasons: firstly, to show the importance of the message for which the oaths are made (such as "purification of soul" in the present sura); and secondly, to show the importance of the things upon which, the oaths are made (such as the sun and the moon in this sura.) | In the commentaries of Sura al-Shams, it has been said that the number of consecutive oaths at the beginning of this sura which are eleven oaths, is the highest number of oath in the suras of Qur'an and clearly shows that an important message is to be mentioned, a message as great as the skies, the earth, the sun, and the moon. | ||
About the oaths in the Qur'an, it has been said that these oaths are generally for two reasons: firstly, to show the importance of the message for which the oaths are made (such as "purification of soul" in the present sura); and secondly, to show the importance of the things upon which, the oaths are made (such as the sun and the moon in this sura.) | |||
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It is narrated form the [[Prophet (s)]] that he said, "Whoever recite Sura al-Shams, is like he gave alms as amount as whatever the sun and moon had shined on them". | It is narrated form the [[Prophet (s)]] that he said, "Whoever recite Sura al-Shams, is like he gave alms as amount as whatever the sun and moon had shined on them". | ||
Moreover, it is narrated from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that he said, "Everyone who recites Sura al-Shams, all his body parts will witness in favor of him on the [[Judgment | Moreover, it is narrated from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that he said, "Everyone who recites Sura al-Shams, all his body parts will witness in favor of him on the [[Day of Judgment]] and God will say that I would accept your witnesses for my servant and would [[reward]] him; Accompany him to [[Heaven]] till select anything he want and all the blessing of heaven would be tasty for him." | ||
===Recitation in Prayers=== | ===Recitation in Prayers=== | ||
Recitation of the Sura al-Shams is [[recommended]] in the second [[rak'a]], and according to some sources, in the first rak'a of the [[Eid prayer|Eid al-Fitr prayer]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. It is also recommended to perform a two rak'a prayer on the day of [[Dahw al-Ard]] (Dhu al-Qi'da 25th), and to recite Sura al-Shams five times in every rak'a, after the [[Sura al-Fatiha]] (Qur'an | Recitation of the Sura al-Shams is [[recommended]] in the second [[rak'a]] of prayer, and according to some sources, in the first rak'a of the [[Eid prayer|Eid al-Fitr prayer]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. It is also recommended to perform a two rak'a prayer on the day of [[Dahw al-Ard]] (Dhu al-Qi'da 25th), and to recite Sura al-Shams five times in every rak'a, after the [[Sura al-Fatiha]] (Qur'an 1).{{fulltext}} | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||