Hadith al-Kisa': Difference between revisions

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'''Ḥadīth al-Kisā'''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَديث الکِساء}}, the cloak hadith) is one of the virtues of [[the Prophet (s)]], [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], [[Lady Fatima (a)]], [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], and [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. The Prophet (s) covered himself, his daughter, his son-in-law, and his two grandsons with his Kisa' and said: "O [[Allah]]! These are my Ahl al-Bayt (family) so repel all impurity from them and purify them with a thorough purification." Then the [[Tathir verse]] was revealed.

None of the [[hadith]]s about the event of Kisa' have expressed it completely, but each one had mentioned a part of it. The following is the description of the event using the entire body of hadiths in this regard:

"[[The Prophet (s)]] was in the house of one his wives, [[Umm Salama]], he was expecting an important massage about some of his relatives, so he told Umm Salama not to let anyone in. In the same time, [[Lady Fatima (a)]], the daughter of the Prophet (s), made a food, named 'Asida, for her father and brought it to him, Umm Salama says: 'I couldn't prevent Fatima from entering', the Prophet (s) told his daughter: 'Go and bring your husband and your two sons', so Fatima (a) went to her home and came back with [['Ali (a)]], [[al-Hasan (a)]], and [[al-Husayn (a)]]: Umm Salama went to a corner and started a prayer by the gesture of the Prophet (s).

The Prophet (s), Ali (a), Fatima (a), al-Hasan (a), and al-Husayn (a) sat around a table with the food. The Prophet (s) covered himself and 'Ali (a) and Fatima (a) and al-Hasan (a) and al-Husayn (a) with his Kisa' (cloak), raised the palm of his right hand to the sky and said: O [[Allah]]! These are my [[Ahl al-Bayt]] (family) so repel all impurity from them and purify them with a thorough purification."

Then [[Jabra'il]] (Gabriel) came down and revealed the [[Tathir verse]]: Indeed Allah desires to repel all impurity from only you, O Ahl al-Bayt (People of the Household), and purify you with a thorough purification.([[Sura al-Ahzab]] 33)

Umm Salama wanted to enter under the Kisa' but the Prophet (s) prevented her, she asked: 'am I not one of the Ahl al-Bayt?' the Prophet (s) said: 'you are in the path of righteousness and goodness, you are one the wives of the prophet of Allah.'"

[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] says: the [[revelation]] of the [[Tathir verse]] in the home of [[Umm Salama]] is one of the subjects on which the Islamic Umma has [[Ijma']] (consensus) and it is narrated from [[Imams (a)]] and many of the [[Sahaba|companions]].

The place of the revelation of the Tathir verse and the event of Kisa' is undoubtedly the home of Umm Salama. Ibn Hajar says: the verse is revealed in the home of Umm Salama. [['Umar]] was asked about the Tathir verse, he said: "ask [['A'isha]] about it", and 'A'isha answered: "the verse is revealed in the home of Umm Salam, so ask her because she is aware of it more than me."

The authenticity of the event is not doubted at all, and great [[Muhaddith]]s have narrated it in their book. The hadith is [[Mustafid]], and even with broader research, it could be claimed as [[Mutawatir]]. The event was so famous in the Islamic society that the day of it became known as the day of Kisa' and the five persons who were the subject of the special favor of God in the event were known as Ahl al-Kisa' or Ashab al-Kisa' (the people of Kisa').

Al-Tabari has written in his book ''[[Dala'il al-imama]]'': the Muslims have Ijma' that in the time of the revelation of the Tathir verse, [[the Prophet (s)]] called [['Ali]], [[Fatima]], [[al-Hasan]], and [[al-Husayn]] and covered them with his Kisa' and supplicated: 'O Allah! These are my family so repel all impurity from them and purify them with a thorough purification'."