Hadith al-Kisa': Difference between revisions

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Umm Salama wanted to enter under the kisa', but the Prophet (s) prevented her, she asked: 'Am I not one of the Ahl al-Bayt?' the Prophet (s) said: 'you are in the path of righteousness and goodness, you are one the wives of the prophet of Allah.'"

[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] says: the [[revelation]] of the [[Tathir Verse]] in the house of [[Umm Salama]] is one of the subjects on which the Islamic Umma has [[ijma']] (consensus) and it is narrated from [[Imams (a)]] and many of the [[Sahaba|companions]].

The place of the revelation of the Tathir Verse and the event of Kisa' is undoubtedly the house of Umm Salama. Ibn Hajar says: the verse is revealed in the house of Umm Salama. [['Umar]] was asked about the Tathir Verse, he said: "ask [['A'isha]] about it", and 'A'isha answered: "the verse is revealed in the house of Umm Salam, so ask her because she is aware of it more than me."

In his ''al-Durr al-manthur'', Suyuti quotes Ibn Mardawayh as saying that Umm Salama stated that:"Al-Tathir verse was revealed in my house."  

The authenticity of the event is not doubted at all, and great [[Muhaddith]]s have narrated it in their book. The hadith is [[Mustafid]], and even with broader research, it could be claimed to be [[Mutawatir]]. The event was so famous in the Islamic society that the day of it became known as the day of Kisa' and the five persons who were the subject of the special favor of God in the event were known as Ahl al-Kisa' or [[Ashab al-Kisa']] (the people of Kisa').

[[Muhammad b. Jarir b. Rustam al-Tabari|Al-Tabari]] has written in his book ''[[Dala'il al-imama]]'': the Muslims have ijma' that in the time of the revelation of the Tathir Verse, the [[Prophet (s)]] called [['Ali]], [[Fatima]], [[al-Hasan]], and [[al-Husayn]] and covered them with his kisa' and supplicated: 'O Allah! These are my family so repel all impurity from them and purify them with a thorough purification'."

The hadith is narrated in [[Shi'a exegetic book]]s, like: ''[[Tafsir al-Qummi]]'', ''[[Tafsir Furat al-Kufi]]'', ''[[Al-Burhan fi tafsir al-Qur'an]]'', etc.

Also, in [[Shi'a Hadith book]]s the Hadith is narrated, like: ''[[Usul al-kafi]]'' and ''[[Al-Amali (by al-Tusi)|Amali ]]'', etc.

Hadith al-Kisa' is narrated in [[Sunni]] Hadith books as well. The hadith is narrated in ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'': [[Aisha]] says: one day, the [[Prophet (s)]] come, with a kisa' (cloak), woven from black wool, on his shoulder. First, [[al-Hasan (a)]] came and the Prophet (s) covered him with the kisa', then [[al-Husayn (a)]] came, he covered him with the kisa', then [[Fatima (a)]] came and went under the Kisa', and then [['Ali (a)]] came and the Prophet (s) covered him with the others with the kisa' and said: "Indeed Allah desires to repel all impurity from only you, O Ahl al-Bayt, and purify you with a thorough purification."

Ibn Hajar in ''[[al-Sawa'iq al-muhriqa]]'': it is narrated with authentic [[chain of transmission]] that the Prophet (s) covered the four with a kisa' and said: "O Allah! These are my Ahl al-Bayt and special people to me, so repel all impurity from them and purify them with a thorough purification.". Ibn Athir in ''[[Usd al-ghaba]]'' and Ahmad b. Hanbal in his ''[[Musnad Ahamd Hanbal|Musnad]]'' have narrated the hadith. Ibn Taymiyya writes in ''[[Minhaj al-sunna]]'': "the Hadith al-Kisa' is one of the authentic Hadiths that [[al-Tirmidhi]] has narrated it from [[Umm Salama]], and Muslim had narrated it from Aisha in his ''Sahih''."

Hadith al-Kisa' is also narrated in Sunni exegetic books by: al-Zamakhsahri in ''al-Kashshaf'', [[Fakhr al-Razi]] in ''[[al-Tafsir al-kabir]]'', and al-Qurtubi, Ibn Kathir, and al-Suyuti in their exegetic books. Al-Qurtubi in the exegesis of the [[Tathir Verse]], narrated from Umm Salama: when the Tathir verse was revealed, the Prophet (s) called 'Ali, Fatima, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn and covered them with a kisa'.

Expressing one of the reasons of his legitimacy for the [[caliphate]] of the [[Prophet (s)]], [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] mentioned the Hadith al-Kisa' and told [[Abu Bakr]]: "The [[Tathir verse]] is revealed about me and my family or you and your family?" He answered: "indeed, about you and your family". Imam 'Ali (a) asked: "I swear you to Allah! My family and I were the subject to the supplication of the Prophet (s) that: 'O Allah! These are my Ahl al-Bayt who are coming toward you, not toward the fire' or you?"…

Also, Imam 'Ali (a) mentioned Hadith al-Kisa' as a reason for his priority for ruling and for the caliphate of the Prophet (s), in the council which [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] had set for assigning the next caliph.

Once the companions of the Prophet (s) were boasting about their virtues, Imam 'Ali (a) mentioned Hadith al-Kisa', expressing the superiority of himself and his family.

After the [[Peace Treaty of Imam al-Hasan (a)|peace]] of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] with [[Mu'awiya]], and after the speech of Mu'awiya, Imam al-Hasan (a), in his speech, mentioned the [[Mubahala Verse]] and Hadith al-Kisa' as the virtues of Ahl al-Bayt (a).

* The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[http://fa.wikishia.net/view/حدیث_کساء حدیث کساء]}} in Farsi Wikishia.