Imam Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a): Difference between revisions

|caption= [[Baqi' Cemetery]]

|data6= 10 [[Muharram]] 61/ 13 October 680

|data8= {{Circa}} {{Death date and age|713|10|24|659|1|9|df=yes}} <br> ([[Muharram 25]], 95 AH)

|data13 = [[Husayn b. 'Ali]]

'''ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. ʾAbī Ṭālib''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| عَليّ بن الحُسَین بن علي بن أبي طالب}}) (b. [[38]]/658 – d. [[94]]/713) known as '''Imām al-Sajjād''' ({{iarabic|امام السجاد}}) and '''Zayn al-ʿAbidīn''' ({{iarabic|زين العابدين}}) is the fourth [[Imam]] of Shi'a. The period of his imamate was 34 years. He (a) was present in the [[event of Karbala]] but did not participate in the battle because of sickness and was not martyred. He (a) was taken captive to [[Kufa]] and [[al-Sham]] together with other [[captives of Karbala]]. His speech at the presence of [[Umayyad caliph]]s created awareness among people about the position of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. After being released, he (a) stayed in [[Medina]] until the end of his life. The [[event of Harra]], [[Tawwabun movement]] and the [[uprising of Mukhtar]] happened at his time, however there is no reliable report of his opinions about them.

He (a) was poisoned and martyred by the order of Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik. He (a) was buried in [[Baqi' cemetery]] beside his uncle [[Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]].

After the tragedy of [[Karbala]], they captured the family of Imam al-Husayn (a) and took them to [[Kufa]] and [[al-Sham]]. Upon taking them from Karbala to Kufa, they put Jami'a [hand-to-neck chains] on him and since he was sick and could not keep sitting on the back of the camel, they fastened his feet under the belly of the camel.<ref>Al-Tusi, ''al-Amali'', vol. 1 p. 90; Al-Khwarazmi, ''Maqtal'', vol. 2 p. 40</ref>

In any case, [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] kept Imam al-Sajjad (a) and other captives of Karbala in prison and wrote a letter to al-Sham and asked [[Yazid b. Mu'awiya|Yazid]] what to do with them. Yazid replied and ordered him to send captives and the heads of the martyrs of Karbala to al-Sham. 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad put shackles on Imam's (a) neck and sent him and other captives with Muhaffar b. Tha'laba to [[Damascus]].<ref>Al-Tabari, ''Tarikh al-rusul wa l-muluk'', vol. 7 p. 375</ref>

=== Al-Sham ===

Imam al-Sajjad (a) gave a speech in the mosque of al-Sham and introduced himself, his father, and his grandfather to people and told the people of al-Sham that what Yazid and his agents have propagated are not true. His father was not a rebel and did not want to disturb Muslim community and make mischief in Islamic lands. He (a) rose for truth and by invitation of Muslims to remove deviations brought up in religion and bring the simplicity and purity it had at the time of his great grandfather.<ref>Shadidi, ''Zindigani 'Ali b. al-Husayn'', p. 75</ref>