imported>Yasser P. |
imported>Yasser P. |
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| It is said that this Sura was revealed when Quraysh asked the Prophet (s) to characterize God. | | It is said that this Sura was revealed when Quraysh asked the Prophet (s) to characterize God. |
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| ==Sura al-Ikhlas or al-Tawhid==
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| Sura al-Ikhlas is a Makki sura of the Quran that is commonly recited by Muslims in their prayers after reciting Sura al-Hamd. This is one of the four Suras of the Quran that start with "qul" (i.e. say or tell).
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| Some scholars of the exegesis of the Quran (such as al-Tabari, al-Maybudi, al-Zamakhshari, and Abu al-Futuh) have quoted Ibn ʾAbbās as saying that some people from Quraysh asked the Prophet (s) to characterize God for them, and then this Sura was revealed to introduce God to them.
| | Sūra al-Ikhlāṣ is a Makki sura of the Quran (one that was revealed before the Prophet (s)'s migration from Mecca to Medina) that is commonly recited by Muslims in their daily prayers after reciting Sura Al-Ḥamd. And since the belief in the monotheistic (tawhidi) contents of this sura is held to result in one's purification (al-ikhlas) it has been called Al-Ikhlas (it has also been called Sura al-Tawhid). |
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| ===Names===
| | It is said that this Sura was revealed when Quraysh asked the Prophet (s) to characterize God. |
| Sura al-Ikhlas has about 14 names. Here are the most famous ones:
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| 1. Al-Ikhlas (purification): the appellation is due to the consideration that the belief in the monotheistic contents of this Sura purifies the believers.
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| 2. Tawhid (monotheism): this is the best-known title of this sura, because the focus of this sura is the unity of God.
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| 3. Ṣamad (a word that is mentioned in the second verse of this sura): the word has a lot of meanings, e.g. one who is needed by others and there is no one superior to him.
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| 4. Najat (salvation): it is called so because it is held that monotheism saves one from the Hell.
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| 5. Maʾrifat (knowledge): because the sura concerns knowing God and His attributes.
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| 6. Asās (basis): because the sura is concerned with the basis of Islam, that is, Tawhid and God's attributes.
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| 7. Tajrid (abstraction): because the sura abstracts God from defects and material features.
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| 8. Tafrid (individuation): the sura takes God to be a single individual.
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| 9. Baraʾat (purgation): the sura purges the believer from misbeliefs.
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| 10. Mushaqshaqa (which is also a name for Suras of al-Kāfirun, al-Nās, and al-Falaq), meaning a sudden sound expressive of awe.
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| ==Exegesis== | | ==Exegesis== |
| The Sura has been interpreted in comprehensive books of the exegesis of the Quran, but it has also been interpreted separately, including the exegesis of Sura al-Ikhlas (manuscript, not printed yet), by Muhammad b. Asʾad Ṣadīqī al-Dawānī (Mullā Jalāl al-Dawānī). | | The Sura has been interpreted in comprehensive books of the exegesis of the Quran, but it has also been interpreted separately, including the exegesis of Sura al-Ikhlas (manuscript, not printed yet), by Muhammad b. Asʾad Ṣadīqī al-Dawānī (Mullā Jalāl al-Dawānī). |
