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Lady Fatimah al-Zahra' (a): Difference between revisions
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{{Main|Sura al-Kawthar}} | {{Main|Sura al-Kawthar}} | ||
According to many Shi'a exegetes the word " | According to many Shi'a exegetes the word "kawthar" (meaning "abundant good") in the first [[verse]] of this [[sura]] refers to Lady Fatima (a). They argued that this sura was revealed about atheists who questioned Muhammad's [[prophethood]] because he did not have any descendants succeeding him. However, the Prophet's descendants continued through his daughter, descendants that include 11 infallible [[Imams]].<ref>Makarim Shirazi, ''Tafsir-i Nimuni'', vol. 27, p. 375</ref> | ||
===Mubahala=== | ===Mubahala=== | ||
{{Main|Mubahala}} | {{Main|Mubahala}} | ||
In the [[ | In the [[Event of Mubahala]] between the [[Prophet (s)]] and the Christians of [[Najran]], Fatima (a) was the only woman and one of the four people accompanying the Prophet (s). Participation in this event is counted as a great merit among [[Muslim]]s as there were only four people. The verse 160 of [[Sura Al 'Imran]] was revealed about this event.<ref>Al-Tabrasi, ''Majma' al-bayan'', vol. 2, p. 763; Al-Qurtubi, ''al-Jami' li ahkam al-Qur'an'', vol. 4, p. 104</ref> | ||
===Divine Happiness and Anger=== | ===Divine Happiness and Anger=== | ||
In various Shia and Sunni sources, the Prophet (s) has been quoted addressing Fatima, "Indeed [[God]] becomes angry for your anger and becomes happy for your happiness."<ref>Al-Hakim al-Nayshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala l-sahihayn'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ibn Athir, ''Usd al-ghaba'', vol. 7, p. 224; Al-'Asqalani, ''al-'Isaba'', vol. 4, p. 378; Al-'Asqalani, ''Tahdhib al-tahdhib'', vol. 12, p. 469; Al-Haythami, ''Majma' al-zawa'id'', vol. 9, p. 203; Al-Tabari, ''Dhakha'ir al-'uqba'', p. 39; Al-Khwarazmi, ''Maqtal al-Husayn'', vol. 1, p. 52; Ibn al-Jawzi, ''Tadhkirat al- | In various Shia and Sunni sources, the Prophet (s) has been quoted addressing Fatima, "Indeed [[God]] becomes angry for your anger and becomes happy for your happiness."<ref>Al-Hakim al-Nayshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala l-sahihayn'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ibn Athir, ''Usd al-ghaba'', vol. 7, p. 224; Al-'Asqalani, ''al-'Isaba'', vol. 4, p. 378; Al-'Asqalani, ''Tahdhib al-tahdhib'', vol. 12, p. 469; Al-Haythami, ''Majma' al-zawa'id'', vol. 9, p. 203; Al-Tabari, ''Dhakha'ir al-'uqba'', p. 39; Al-Khwarazmi, ''Maqtal al-Husayn'', vol. 1, p. 52; Ibn al-Jawzi, ''Tadhkirat al-Khawass'', p. 310; Al-Ganji al-Shafi'i, ''Kifayat al-talib'', p. 364; Al-Nabhani, ''al-Sharaf al-mu'abbad'', p. 125; as cited in ''Muntakhab fada'il al-Nabi wa ahl-i baytih'', p. 263</ref> | ||
Also, they have narrated that the Prophet (s) said, "O, Fatima! Are not you happy to be the mistress of all the women of all the worlds and the mistress of all the women in this nation and the mistress of all the faithful women?"<ref>Hakim Nayshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala l-sahihayn'', vol. 3, p. 170; Al-Nayshaburi, ''Sahih Muslim'', vol. 5, p. 57; Ibn Athir, ''Asad al-ghaba'', vol. 7, p. 223; as cited in ''Muntakhab fada'il al-Nabi wa ahl-i baytih'', p. 265</ref> The title "mistress of all women of all the worlds" ([[Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin]]) was given to her by the Prophet (s). [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] also, addressed her by this title while mourning at her grave.<ref>Al-Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol. 1, pp. 381-382</ref> | Also, they have narrated that the Prophet (s) said, "O, Fatima! Are not you happy to be the mistress of all the women of all the worlds and the mistress of all the women in this nation and the mistress of all the faithful women?"<ref>Hakim Nayshaburi, ''al-Mustadrak 'ala l-sahihayn'', vol. 3, p. 170; Al-Nayshaburi, ''Sahih Muslim'', vol. 5, p. 57; Ibn Athir, ''Asad al-ghaba'', vol. 7, p. 223; as cited in ''Muntakhab fada'il al-Nabi wa ahl-i baytih'', p. 265</ref> The title "mistress of all women of all the worlds" ([[Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin]]) was given to her by the Prophet (s). [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] also, addressed her by this title while mourning at her grave.<ref>Al-Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol. 1, pp. 381-382</ref> | ||
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In his [[Musnad]], [[Ahmad b. Hanbal]] quoted the Prophet (s) that the word "[[Ahl al-Bayt]]" (People of Household) in the [[Tathir Verse]] ("Indeed, Allah desires to repel all impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you with a thorough purification" ([[Sura al-Ahzab]]:33)) refers to Fatima and her two sons.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad Ahmad'', vol. 1, p. 331; vol. 4, p.107; vol. 6, p. 292</ref> | In his [[Musnad]], [[Ahmad b. Hanbal]] quoted the Prophet (s) that the word "[[Ahl al-Bayt]]" (People of Household) in the [[Tathir Verse]] ("Indeed, Allah desires to repel all impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you with a thorough purification" ([[Sura al-Ahzab]]:33)) refers to Fatima and her two sons.<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Musnad Ahmad'', vol. 1, p. 331; vol. 4, p.107; vol. 6, p. 292</ref> | ||
In the chapter "Merits of the Companions" (Fada'il al-Sahaba), he narrates that the Prophet (s) stopped in front of her house on his way to the [[ | In the chapter "Merits of the Companions" (Fada'il al-Sahaba), he narrates that the Prophet (s) stopped in front of her house on his way to the [[morning prayer]], for six month and called, "O, Ahl al-Bayt! [[Prayer]]! Prayer! [and then he recited the verse] Indeed Allah desires to repel all impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you with a thorough purification."<ref>Ibn Hanbal, ''Fadai'l al-sahaba'', vol. 2, p. 761</ref> | ||
Shi'a believe that this verse demonstrate the [[infallibility]] of the Five, including | Shi'a believe that this verse demonstrate the [[infallibility]] of the Five, including Lady Fatima (a).<ref>Al-Tabarsi, ''Majma' al-bayan'', vol. 8, p. 158</ref> | ||
===Muhaddatha=== | ===Muhaddatha=== | ||
{{Main|Mushaf of Fatima}} | {{Main|Mushaf of Fatima}} | ||
There are several [[hadith]]s stating that Fatima (a) was spoken to by [[angle]]s. She was titled as Muhaddatha (means spoken to by angles) because angles spoke to her after the Prophet's demise. These inspirations were compiled by Imam 'Ali (a) under the title "Mushaf of Fatima".<ref>Rahman Sitayish, ''Muhaddathi budan'i Fatima'', p. 60</ref> However, it has been narrated that the archangel [['Izra'il]] talked to her, when he asked for permission to enter the Prophet's house on the last day of the Prophet's life.<ref>Ibn Shahrashub, ''Manaqib al Abi Talib'', vol. 3, p. 116; Al-Majlisi, ''Bihar'', vol. 22, pp. 527-528, as cited in Rahman Sitayish, '' | There are several [[hadith]]s stating that Fatima (a) was spoken to by [[angle]]s. She was titled as Muhaddatha (means spoken to by angles) because angles spoke to her after the Prophet's demise. These inspirations were compiled by Imam 'Ali (a) under the title "Mushaf of Fatima".<ref>Rahman Sitayish, ''Muhaddathi budan'i Fatima'', p. 60</ref> However, it has been narrated that the archangel [['Izra'il]] talked to her, when he asked for permission to enter the Prophet's house on the last day of the Prophet's life.<ref>Ibn Shahrashub, ''Manaqib al Abi Talib'', vol. 3, p. 116; Al-Majlisi, ''Bihar'', vol. 22, pp. 527-528, as cited in Rahman Sitayish, ''Muhaddatha budan-i Fatima'', p. 60</ref> | ||
Moreover, [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] quoted [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that Fatima (a) was titled as Muhaddatha because angles were sent down to her and spoke to her like [[Mary]].<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Ilal al-shara'i'', vol. 1, p. 182</ref> | Moreover, [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] quoted [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] that Fatima (a) was titled as Muhaddatha because angles were sent down to her and spoke to her like [[Mary]].<ref>Al-Saduq, ''Ilal al-shara'i'', vol. 1, p. 182</ref> | ||