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Al-Tabligh Verse: Difference between revisions
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'''Al-Tablīgh verse''' (Arabic: {{ia|آیة التَّبليغ}}, propagation verse) is the 67th verse of [[Surat al-Ma'ida]] and one of the last verses revealed to [[the Prophet (s)]]. | |||
According to this verse, the Prophet (s) was obliged to proclaim an important message. The verse explicitly denotes the importance of the message that if the Prophet (s) does not proclaim it, he did not performed his mission. According to [[Shi'a]] and some [[Sunnis]], it is revealed in [[Hajjat al-Wida']] (Hajj of farewell) and just before the 18th Dhu al-Hijja 10. | According to this verse, the Prophet (s) was obliged to proclaim an important message. The verse explicitly denotes the importance of the message that if the Prophet (s) does not proclaim it, he did not performed his mission. According to [[Shi'a]] and some [[Sunnis]], it is revealed in [[Hajjat al-Wida']] (Hajj of farewell) and just before the 18th Dhu al-Hijja 10. | ||
Shi'a believe that the subject of the message was succession of [['Ali (a)]], so after the [[revelation]] of this verse the Prophet (s) announced 'Ali (a) as his vicegerent and successor in Ghadir Khumm. (See: [[The event of Ghadir]]) | Shi'a believe that the subject of the message was succession of [['Ali (a)]], so after the [[revelation]] of this verse the Prophet (s) announced 'Ali (a) as his vicegerent and successor in Ghadir Khumm. (See: [[The event of Ghadir]]) | ||
==Translation | ==Translation== | ||
{{ | {{pull quote | ||
| | |{{center|{{ia|'''يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللَّـهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ '''}}}} | ||
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O, Apostle! Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord, and if you do not you will not have proclaimed His message and Allah shall protect you from people, indeed Allah do not guide the faithless lot. | O, Apostle! Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord, and if you do not you will not have proclaimed His message and Allah shall protect you from people, indeed Allah do not guide the faithless lot. | ||
|source = Q | |source = Q 4:59 | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Context of Revelation== | ==Context of Revelation== | ||
Shi'a exegetes and narrators believe that the Tabligh verse was revealed in [[Hajjat al-Wida']] (Hajj of farewell) in [[Ghadir Khumm]] regarding the announcement of Imam 'Ali's (a) succession of the Prophet (s). Some Sunni exegetes have agreed with that as well. | Shi'a exegetes and narrators believe that the al-Tabligh verse was revealed in [[Hajjat al-Wida']] (Hajj of farewell) in [[Ghadir Khumm]] regarding the announcement of Imam 'Ali's (a) succession of the Prophet (s). Some Sunni exegetes have agreed with that as well. | ||
According to Shi'a sources, after that the Prophet (s) postponed the announcement of Imam 'Ali's succession because he was afraid of [[hypocrite]]s conspiracy, [[Gabriel]] delivered this verse to him in which God has emphasized on proclaiming of 'Ali's guardianship and protecting the Prophet (s) from hypocrites. Based on this, "Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord" means the guardianship and succession of 'Ali (a) which was revealed to the Prophet (s) earlier but he was worried about its announcement as people might have said he had chosen his cousin for his succession. | According to Shi'a sources, after that the Prophet (s) postponed the announcement of Imam 'Ali's succession because he was afraid of [[hypocrite]]s conspiracy, [[Gabriel]] delivered this verse to him in which God has emphasized on proclaiming of 'Ali's guardianship and protecting the Prophet (s) from hypocrites. Based on this, "Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord" means the guardianship and succession of 'Ali (a) which was revealed to the Prophet (s) earlier but he was worried about its announcement as people might have said he had chosen his cousin for his succession. | ||
==Other Reports== | ==Other Reports== | ||
===Revelation in Mecca=== | ===Revelation in Mecca=== | ||
Based on some [[hadith]]s, it is said that the Tabligh verse was sent down in [[Mecca]] obliging the Prophet (s) to propagate Islam among unbelievers and polytheists. According to these hadiths, the Prophet (s) had appointed some guards for protecting him from his enemies, but after [[revelation]] of this verse he discharged them and said that God will protect me from my enemies. Also, he was obliged to inform unbelievers and polytheists about the principles of the religion without any fear. | Based on some [[hadith]]s, it is said that the al-Tabligh verse was sent down in [[Mecca]] obliging the Prophet (s) to propagate Islam among unbelievers and polytheists. According to these hadiths, the Prophet (s) had appointed some guards for protecting him from his enemies, but after [[revelation]] of this verse he discharged them and said that God will protect me from my enemies. Also, he was obliged to inform unbelievers and polytheists about the principles of the religion without any fear. | ||
===Refutation=== | ====Refutation==== | ||
Exegetes unanimously believe that [[Surat al-Ma'ida]] was revealed in [[Medina]] and according to some hadiths, such as one narrated by [['Abd Allah b. 'Umar]], it was the last revealed [[Sura]]. On the other hand, assuming that the Tabligh verse was sent down in Mecca and was recited alone without being joined to any Sura during these years is completely unacceptable. Moreover, some scholars counted the hadiths about the guards protecting the Prophet (s) in Mecca as | Exegetes unanimously believe that [[Surat al-Ma'ida]] was revealed in [[Medina]] and according to some hadiths, such as one narrated by [['Abd Allah b. 'Umar]], it was the last revealed [[Sura]]. On the other hand, assuming that the al-Tabligh verse was sent down in Mecca and was recited alone without being joined to any Sura during these years is completely unacceptable. Moreover, some scholars counted the hadiths about the guards protecting the Prophet (s) in Mecca as gharib (strange) and munkar (denied). | ||
===Propagation among Ahl al-Kitab=== | ===Propagation among Ahl al-Kitab=== | ||
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He added that the verses before and after this verse, which are about Ahl al-Kitab prove this as the topic of this verse should not be different from them. | He added that the verses before and after this verse, which are about Ahl al-Kitab prove this as the topic of this verse should not be different from them. | ||
===Refutation=== | ====Refutation==== | ||
According to historical sources, after the battles between Muslims and Jews, such as the [[battle of Khaybar]] and [[Battle of Banu Qurayza|Banu Qurayza]], they lost their power and by occupation of their castles and expulsion many of them their influence waned. | According to historical sources, after the battles between Muslims and Jews, such as the [[battle of Khaybar]] and [[Battle of Banu Qurayza|Banu Qurayza]], they lost their power and by occupation of their castles and expulsion many of them their influence waned. | ||
Christians also did not have power in [[Hijaz]] and especially in [[Medina]]. The only instance they confronted Muslims was the event of [[Mubahala]], which was canceled at their request. | Christians also did not have power in [[Hijaz]] and especially in [[Medina]]. The only instance they confronted Muslims was the event of [[Mubahala]], which was canceled at their request. | ||
Considering the fact that Muslims were very powerful in the last years of the Prophet's life, it sounds very unreasonable that the Prophet (a) was afraid and worried about propagating Islam among Ahl al-Kitab and God promised to protect him. | Considering the fact that Muslims were very powerful in the last years of the Prophet's life, it sounds very unreasonable that the Prophet (a) was afraid and worried about propagating Islam among Ahl al-Kitab and God promised to protect him. | ||
Moreover, the Tabligh verse is not different from the preceding and following verses in subject. The context of the verses is about rebuking Jews and Christians and probably that they think as the Prophet (s) passes away Muslim will lose their power and domination so they can return back to the power. But the Tabligh verse, which is about appointment of a leader for the Islamic [[Umma]] succeeding the Prophet (s), foils their plans. This interpretation is also consistent with the [[ | Moreover, the al-Tabligh verse is not different from the preceding and following verses in subject. The context of the verses is about rebuking Jews and Christians and probably that they think as the Prophet (s) passes away Muslim will lose their power and domination so they can return back to the power. But the al-Tabligh verse, which is about appointment of a leader for the Islamic [[Umma]] succeeding the Prophet (s), foils their plans. This interpretation is also consistent with the [[al-Ikmal verse]], which was revealed after the announcement of Imam 'Ali's guardianship. | ||
==Important Points== | ==Important Points== | ||
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* Imam 'Ali (s) was known as a serious and inflexible person in religious matters. | * Imam 'Ali (s) was known as a serious and inflexible person in religious matters. | ||
* Some new Muslim (specially Quraysh) had grudge against 'Ali (a) as he had killed their relatives in the battles. | * Some new Muslim (specially Quraysh) had grudge against 'Ali (a) as he had killed their relatives in the battles. | ||
* 'Ali was young (when the Prophet (s) passed away he was 33). The Arab society was not going to accept him, as they believed advanced age is one of the most important requirement for leadership. The belief that occurred twice during the Prophet's life: during the [[battle of Tabuk]] when 'Ali (a) was appointed as the Prophet's successor in Medina, and appointment of [[ | * 'Ali was young (when the Prophet (s) passed away he was 33). The Arab society was not going to accept him, as they believed advanced age is one of the most important requirement for leadership. The belief that occurred twice during the Prophet's life: during the [[battle of Tabuk]] when 'Ali (a) was appointed as the Prophet's successor in Medina, and appointment of [[Usama b. Zayd]] as the commander of the army in the last days of the Prophet's life. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
{{cb| | {{cb|4}} | ||
* [[Event of Ghadir]] | * [[Event of Ghadir]] | ||
* [[Imamate]] | * [[Imamate]] | ||
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* [[Eid al-Ghadir]] | * [[Eid al-Ghadir]] | ||
* [[Ghadir Sermon]] | * [[Ghadir Sermon]] | ||
* [[Ikmal Verse]] | * [[Al-Ikmal Verse]] | ||
* [[Hajjat al-Wida']] | * [[Hajjat al-Wida']] | ||
* [[Ghadir Khumm Mosque]] | * [[Ghadir Khumm Mosque]] | ||
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{{The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | {{The excellences of Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
{{Famous Verses of Qur'an}} | {{Famous Verses of Qur'an}} | ||
{{Imamate}} | {{Imamate}} | ||
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[[id:Ayat Tabligh]] | [[id:Ayat Tabligh]] | ||
[[Category:Famous verses of the Quran]] | |||
[[Category:Quranic proofs of Imamate]] | |||
[[Category:Excellences of Imam Ali (a)]] | [[Category:Excellences of Imam Ali (a)]] | ||