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[[File:عرفات.jpg|thumbnail|Arafat]] | [[File:عرفات.jpg|thumbnail|[[Arafat]]]] | ||
'''Arafa''' (Arabic: {{ia|عَرَفَة}}) is the | '''Arafa''' (Arabic: {{ia|عَرَفَة}}) is the ninth day of [[Dhu l-Hijja]], the last month of [[Hijri calendar]], and the day before [[Eid al-Adha]]. According to [[Shi'a]] [[Fiqh]] (jurisprudence) pilgrims of [[Hajj]] must [[stay in Arafat]] from the noon to sunset of this day. The day of Arafa is one of the most important days of year for Muslims. Special rituals have been reported for this day in [[hadith]]s, the best of which is praying and asking for [[forgiveness]], most of Shi'as recite the [[Supplication of Arafa by Imam al-Husayn (a)]] in the day. According to Shi'a, performing [[Ziyara of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] is recommended ([[Mustahabb]]) on this day. | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
{{Prayer vertical}} | {{Prayer vertical}} | ||
Arafa ({{ia|عَرَفَة}}) is derived from the Arabic word " | Arafa ({{ia|عَرَفَة}}) is derived from the Arabic word "Araf-a" (َ{{ia|عَرَف}}) meaning knowing, understanding and learning.<ref>Raghib, ''Mufradat'', p.560</ref> Apparently, the name of this day has been taken from [[Arafat]] (a special place near [[Mecca]] where pilgrims of Hajj stay for a specific time in.).<ref>Qurayshi, ''al-Tahqiq li kalimat al-Qur'an'', vol.8 p.120</ref> | ||
==Importance and Merits== | ==Importance and Merits== | ||
* In the day of Arafa, pilgrims of [[Hajj]] gather in Arafat and in addition to praying and asking for forgiveness, they thank [[God]] for giving them the opportunity of performing Hajj. Due to the importance of this day, many supplications have been reported for it from [[Imams (a)]] and religious elites. Even in some sources a supplication has been narrated from [[the Prophet (s)]].<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu l-faqih'', vol.2 pp.542-543</ref> One of the most famous supplications of this day is the one narrated from [[ | * In the day of Arafa, pilgrims of [[Hajj]] gather in Arafat and in addition to praying and asking for forgiveness, they thank [[God]] for giving them the opportunity of performing Hajj. Due to the importance of this day, many supplications have been reported for it from [[Imams (a)]] and religious elites. Even in some sources a supplication has been narrated from [[the Prophet (s)]].<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu l-faqih'', vol.2 pp.542-543</ref> One of the most famous supplications of this day is the one narrated from [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. Many [[Shi'a]] around the world read this [[supplication]] on this day. Another famous supplication for this day is the one recited by [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]]. | ||
* Many [[hadith]]s described Arafa as a special day of forgiving the sins.<ref>Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.4 p.146,541</ref> | * Many [[hadith]]s described Arafa as a special day of forgiving the sins.<ref>Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.4 p.146,541</ref> | ||
* It has also been described as the day of answering prayers.<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu l-faqih'', vol.2 p.211</ref> | * It has also been described as the day of answering prayers.<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu l-faqih'', vol.2 p.211</ref> | ||
* Shi'a [[ | * Shi'a [[infallible Imams (a)]] honored and respected this day and advised people to do so. They did not refuse the poor on this day.<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu l-faqih'', vol.2 p.211</ref> | ||
== | ==Rulings== | ||
* In [[Imamiyya]] [[Fiqh]] (jurisprudence) it is [[Wajib]] (compulsory) for pilgrims of Hajj to stay in Arafat from the noon to the sunset of this day. This action which is called "Wuquf in Arafat" is | * In [[Imamiyya]] [[Fiqh]] (jurisprudence) it is [[Wajib]] (compulsory) for pilgrims of Hajj to stay in Arafat from the noon to the sunset of this day. This action which is called "[[Wuquf in Arafat]]" is among [[essentials of Hajj]], which means if a pilgrim does not stay in Arafat - even for a short time - his Hajj will be void.<ref>Musawi, ''Jami' al-fatawa'', pp.173-174</ref> | ||
* [[Sunni]] sects have different opinion about the time of Wuquf (staying in Arafat): | * [[Sunni]] sects have different opinion about the time of Wuquf (staying in Arafat): | ||
:1. From the sunset of the day of Arafa to the dawn of the day of [[Eid al-Adha]] (next day) | :1. From the sunset of the day of Arafa to the dawn of the day of [[Eid al-Adha]] (next day) | ||
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:3. From the noon of Arafa to the dawn of Eid al-Adha | :3. From the noon of Arafa to the dawn of Eid al-Adha | ||
=== | ====Mustahabb Practices in Arafa==== | ||
Hadiths have mentioned [[ | Hadiths have mentioned [[Mustahabb]] (recommended) acts for the day of Arafa; some of which are: | ||
* Praying and asking for forgiveness, which are the best acts in this day.<ref>'Amili, ''Wasa'il al-shi'a'', vol.13 pp.559-560</ref> Among the supplications and prayers, the [[Supplication of Arafa|supplication of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] in this day has been recommended highly. | * Praying and asking for forgiveness, which are the best acts in this day.<ref>'Amili, ''Wasa'il al-shi'a'', vol.13 pp.559-560</ref> Among the supplications and prayers, the [[Supplication of Arafa|supplication of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] in this day has been recommended highly. | ||
* [[Ghusl]] (ritual bath)<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu al-faqih'', vol.1 p.77</ref> | * [[Ghusl]] (ritual bath)<ref>Saduq, ''Man la yahduruhu al-faqih'', vol.1 p.77</ref> | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Hajj]] | * [[Hajj]] | ||
* [[Supplication of | * [[Supplication of Arafa]] | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||