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Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a): Difference between revisions
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== Proofs of Imamate == | == Proofs of Imamate == | ||
Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) lasted 17 years from 203/818 until 220/835. There are many reports and proofs for Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) including the report that one of the companions of Imam al-Rida (a) asked about his successor, and Imam al-Rida (a) pointed with his hand towards his son Abu Ja'far (Imam al-Jawad (a)) who was standing in front of him. | Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) lasted 17 years from [[203]]/818 until [[220]]/835. There are many reports and proofs for Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) including the report that one of the [[:Category:Companions of Imam al-Rida (a)|companions]] of Imam al-Rida (a) asked about his successor, and Imam al-Rida (a) pointed with his hand towards his son Abu Ja'far (Imam al-Jawad (a)) who was standing in front of him. | ||
In another narration, Imam al-Rida (a) said, "This is Abu Ja'far I have seated in my place and I have left my position to him. We are the family, the children of whom inherit like their old ones." (which means that the same way our old ones inherit and receive knowledge, our children inherit knowledge from the old ones.) | In another narration, Imam al-Rida (a) said, "This is Abu Ja'far I have seated in my place and I have left my position to him. We are the family, the children of whom inherit like their old ones." (which means that the same way our old ones inherit and receive knowledge, our children inherit knowledge from the old ones.) | ||
In another report, Abu | In another report, Abu l-Hasan b. Muhammad (among the companions of Imam al-Rida (a)) said that, "I heard Imam al-Rida (a) said, 'Abu Ja'far is my caliph among my people.'" | ||
=== A Blessed Child === | === A Blessed Child === | ||
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=== Imamate and Childhood === | === Imamate and Childhood === | ||
Imam al-Jawad (a) became Imam in childhood when he (a) was 8 years old and thus many Shi'as did not accept his imamate and turned to other people. Another group were wandering in his childhood until the issue of imamate becomes clear, however they gradually followed his imamate. This is one of the issues which was risen by some people at the time of Imam al-Rida (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a) and these two Imams (a) gave answers to them from the [[Qur'an]]. One of these answers is about the prophethood of [[Prophet Yahya(a)]] (John), where the Qur'an says | Imam al-Jawad (a) became Imam in childhood when he (a) was 8 years old and thus many Shi'as did not accept his imamate and turned to other people. Another group were wandering in his childhood until the issue of imamate becomes clear, however they gradually followed his imamate. This is one of the issues which was risen by some people at the time of Imam al-Rida (a) and Imam al-Jawad (a) and these two Imams (a) gave answers to them from the [[Qur'an]]. One of these answers is about the prophethood of [[Prophet Yahya(a)]] (John), where the Qur'an says: "And We gave him judgment while still a child" (19:12) | ||
Another answer was speaking of [[the Prophet 'Isa ( | Another answer was speaking of [[the Prophet 'Isa (a)]] (Jesus) in the first days after birth. [[Verses]] 30 to 32 of [[Sura Maryam]] narrates this issue from Jesus (a), "'Indeed I am a servant of Allah! He has given me the Book and made me a prophet. (30) He has made me blessed, wherever I may be, and He has enjoined me to [maintain] the prayer and to [pay] the Zakat as long as I live, (31) and to be good to my mother, and He has not made me self-willed and wretched." (19:30-32) | ||
=== Shi'a after the Martyrdom of Imam al-Rida (a) === | === Shi'a after the Martyrdom of Imam al-Rida (a) === | ||
Imam al-Rida (a) was martyred in 203/818 when his son, Imam al-Jawad (a) was only 8 years old and became Imam and this caused disagreement among Shi'a so that some of them followed [['Abd Allah b. Musa b. Ja'far]], brother of Imam al-Rida (a); but since they did not want to accept imamate of a person without any reason, some of them asked some questions from 'Abd Allah and after they found him unable to answer, they abandoned him. Some other Shi'a joined [[Waqifids]]. According to Nubakhti, the reason of such a division was that they considered maturity of age one of the requirements of imamate. | Imam al-Rida (a) was martyred in [[203]]/818 when his son, Imam al-Jawad (a) was only 8 years old and became Imam and this caused disagreement among Shi'a so that some of them followed [['Abd Allah b. Musa b. Ja'far]], brother of Imam al-Rida (a); but since they did not want to accept imamate of a person without any reason, some of them asked some questions from 'Abd Allah and after they found him unable to answer, they abandoned him. Some other Shi'a joined [[Waqifids]]. According to al-Nubakhti, the reason of such a division was that they considered maturity of age one of the requirements of imamate. | ||
However, even though most Shi'as mentioned the young age of Imam al-Jawad (a), but they followed him while Imam (a) answered to this question by mentioning the successorship of [[Prophet Sulayman (a)]] (Solomon) after [[Prophet Dawud (a)]] (David) and said, "When Prophet Solomon (a) was still a little child and took the sheep out for grazing, Prophet David made him his successor." | However, even though most Shi'as mentioned the young age of Imam al-Jawad (a), but they followed him while Imam (a) answered to this question by mentioning the successorship of [[Prophet Sulayman (a)]] (Solomon) after [[Prophet Dawud (a)]] (David) and said, "When Prophet Solomon (a) was still a little child and took the sheep out for grazing, Prophet David (a) made him his successor." | ||
According to some hadiths, when Imam al-Jawad (a) became Imam in a young age, some people from Baghdad and other cities went to see him in Medina during Hajj. In a meeting they had with 'Abd Allah b. Musa (Imam al-Jawad's (a) uncle), they asked him some questions, but his answers did not seem right and they became disappointed and sad. Then they went to Imam al-Jawad (a) and asked him the same questions and he (a) gave them answers which made them happy, praised Imam (a) and prayed for him. | According to some [[hadiths]], when Imam al-Jawad (a) became Imam in a young age, some people from Baghdad and other cities went to see him in Medina during [[Hajj]]. In a meeting they had with 'Abd Allah b. Musa (Imam al-Jawad's (a) uncle), they asked him some questions, but his answers did not seem right and they became disappointed and sad. Then they went to Imam al-Jawad (a) and asked him the same questions and he (a) gave them answers which made them happy, praised Imam (a) and prayed for him. | ||
== His Imamate == | == His Imamate == | ||