Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a): Difference between revisions

According to Shi'a [[Hadith]] sources, in a session where Ma'mun and many [[jurists]] and courtiers were present, Imam al-Jawad (a) had a debate with Yahya b. Aktham about the merits of caliphs ([[Abu Bakr]] and [['Umar]]). Yahya turned to Imam (a) and said, [[Gabriel]] conveyed the message of God to the Prophet (s): "Ask Abu bakr if he is pleased with me? I am pleased with him." Imam (a) answered, I do not reject merits of Abu bakr but anyone who has narrated this hadith needs to pay attention to other hadiths of the Prophet (s) and that he (s) said, "when you receive a hadith from me, present it to the [[Book of God]] and my sunna; if it is in agreement with them, accept it and if it is not, do not accept it because liars and forgers of hadiths will increase." Then, Imam (a) continued that this hadith is not in agreement with the Qur'an because the Qur'an says, 'We are nearer to him than his jugular vein.' (50:16) Then, was not God aware of Abu bakr's satisfaction that had to ask him?"

==== People of Hadith ====

Like the time of other Imams (a), at the time of Imam al-Jawad (a), there were sects which were active in different fields and tried to promote their thoughts and beliefs in the society and draw away Shi'a from their authentic beliefs. People of Hadith were among such sects who believed in the incarnation of God. To guard authentic Shi'a beliefs, Imam al-Jawad (a) rejected connection with them and ordered Shi'a not to pray behind them and do not pay [[Zakat]] to them.

Many of his companions who were also among the companions of his [[Imam 'Ali b. Musa al-Rida (a)|father]] and his son ([[Imam al-Hadi (a)]]) had written works in Fiqh and theology and were known as influential people in their own communities. Companions of Imam al-Jawad (a) and narrators of his Hadiths were about 120 people who have narrated about 250 [[Hadith]]s from him. These Hadiths are about different subjects in [[Fiqh]], [[exegesis]] and [[theology]]. The small number of Hadiths narrated from Imam al-Jawad (a) is due to his surveillance and his young age at the time of martyrdom. Among his famous companions are [['Ali b. Mahzyar]], [[Ahmad b. Abi Nasr al-Bazanti]], [[Zakariyya b. Adam]], [[Muhammad b. Isma'il b. Bazi']], [[Hasan b. Sa'id al-Ahwazi]] and [[Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Barqi]].

His companions and narrators of his Hadiths were not exclusive to [[Shi'a]] and there were people from other sects including [[Sunni]] sect among them as well.

'Abd al-'Azim al-Hasani was one of the companions of Imam al-Jawad (a) who has narrated some Hadiths from him. 'Abd al-'Azim settled in [[Rey]] and made great efforts to promote Hadiths of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] and due to his efforts, Shi'a people of that region increased.

Ibrahim b. Hashim was one of the companions of Imam al-Jawad (a) who has been referred by scholars of [['Ilm al-Rijal|Rijal]] (biographical evaluation) with titles such as Jalil al-Qadr (highly respectable), [[Thiqa]] (reliable) and among the great personalities of the People of Hadiths.

Ibrahim was from [[Kufa]] and moved to [[Qom]] and promoted Hadiths and narrations there. The books ''Nawadir'' and ''Judgments of Imam 'Ali (a)'' are among his works. He was among students of [[Yunis b. 'Abd al-Rahman]] (a companion of [[Imam al-Rida (a)]]). He has narrated Hadiths from Imam al-Jawad (a) in different topics such as merits, proofs, companions and [[Zakat]].