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Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a): Difference between revisions
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==Imamate== | ==Imamate== | ||
{{Contemporary Rulers with Imam al-Jawad (a)}} | |||
Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) was contemporary with two [[Abbasid]] caliphs: the first was [[al-Ma'mun]] (r. 193/808-9 to 218/833) and Imam (a) spent 23 years of his life at the time of his [[caliphate]]. The second was [[al-Mu'tasim al-Abbasi]] (r. 218/833 to 227/841-42) two years of his caliphate were contemporary with imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a). Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) lasted 17 years from [[203]]/818 until [[220]]/835. After the martyrdom of Imam al-Jawad (a), his son, [[Imam 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Hadi (a)]] , took responsibility of imamate. | Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) was contemporary with two [[Abbasid]] caliphs: the first was [[al-Ma'mun]] (r. 193/808-9 to 218/833) and Imam (a) spent 23 years of his life at the time of his [[caliphate]]. The second was [[al-Mu'tasim al-Abbasi]] (r. 218/833 to 227/841-42) two years of his caliphate were contemporary with imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a). Imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a) lasted 17 years from [[203]]/818 until [[220]]/835. After the martyrdom of Imam al-Jawad (a), his son, [[Imam 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Hadi (a)]] , took responsibility of imamate. | ||
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Although in several cases Imam al-Rida (a) had declared the imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a),<ref>See: Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 320-323.</ref> but some Shi'a tested Imam al-Jawad (a) with some questions to become more certain.<ref>Pīshwāyī, ''Sīrah-yi pīshwāyān'', p. 539.</ref> This testing was made about other Imams (a) as well,<ref>See: Kashshī, ''Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl'', p. 282-283.</ref> but due to the low age of Imam al-Jawad (a), Shi'as felt it was more necessary about him.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 476.</ref> | Although in several cases Imam al-Rida (a) had declared the imamate of Imam al-Jawad (a),<ref>See: Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 320-323.</ref> but some Shi'a tested Imam al-Jawad (a) with some questions to become more certain.<ref>Pīshwāyī, ''Sīrah-yi pīshwāyān'', p. 539.</ref> This testing was made about other Imams (a) as well,<ref>See: Kashshī, ''Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl'', p. 282-283.</ref> but due to the low age of Imam al-Jawad (a), Shi'as felt it was more necessary about him.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 476.</ref> | ||
There are several reports about Shi'a's questions and answers of Imam al-Jawad (a) in hadith sources. Imam's (a) answers promoted his position in the eyes of Shi'a and their acceptance of his imamate. However, Shi'a did not only tested Imam al-Jawad (a) by their questions, but they tested others, who claimed to be imam, the same way.<ref>Ibn Shahr Āshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 383.</ref> Some people from Baghdad and other cities went to Medina during [[hajj]]. In a meeting they had with [['Abd Allah b. Musa]], Imam al-Jawad's (a) uncle,-who was thought to be the Imam after Imam al-Rida (a)- they asked him some questions, but his answers was not right and they became disappointed and sad. Then they went to Imam al-Jawad (a) and asked him the same questions and he (a) gave them the right answers which made them happy, praised Imam (a) and prayed for him.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 205-206; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 99-100.</ref> | There are several reports about Shi'a's questions and answers of Imam al-Jawad (a) in hadith sources. Imam's (a) answers promoted his position in the eyes of Shi'a and their acceptance of his imamate. However, Shi'a did not only tested Imam al-Jawad (a) by their questions, but they tested others, who claimed to be imam, the same way.<ref>Ibn Shahr Āshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 383.</ref> Some people from Baghdad and other cities went to Medina during [[hajj]]. In a meeting they had with [['Abd Allah b. Musa]], Imam al-Jawad's (a) uncle,-who was thought to be the Imam after Imam al-Rida (a)- they asked him some questions, but his answers was not right and they became disappointed and sad. Then they went to Imam al-Jawad (a) and asked him the same questions and he (a) gave them the right answers which made them happy, praised Imam (a) and prayed for him.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 205-206; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 99-100.</ref> | ||
==Activities of Other Sects== | ==Activities of Other Sects== | ||