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Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a): Difference between revisions
Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a) (view source)
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'''Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Mūsā''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|محمد بن علي بن موسی}}) known as '''Imām al-Jawād (a)''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|امام الجواد}}) was the ninth Imam of [[Twelver Shia]], his | '''Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Mūsā''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|محمد بن علي بن موسی}}) known as '''Imām al-Jawād (a)''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|امام الجواد}}) was the ninth Imam of [[Twelver Shia]], his teknonym was Abu Ja'far and he is mentioned in haidth sources as Abu Ja'far al-Thani (the second Abu Ja'far). He (a) was born on [[Rajab 10]], [[195]]/[[April 8]], 811 in [[Medina]] and was [[Imam]] for 17 years. He was martyred when he (a) was 25 years old and was buried in [[Kadhimiya]] beside the grave of his grandfather [[Musa b. Ja'far (a)]]. He was the youngest Imam when he was martyred. | ||
Because Imam al-Jawad was an 8 year old child, some Shi'a followed [['Abd Allah b. Musa]] and some others followed [[Waqifids]]. But most Shi'a accepted the [[imamate]] of Imam al-Jawad (a) due to his scientific superiority in spite of his age. At that time, due to restrictions made for Imam (a), his connections with Shi'a were mostly made through agents. | Because Imam al-Jawad was an 8 year old child, some Shi'a followed [['Abd Allah b. Musa]] and some others followed [[Waqifids]]. But most Shi'a accepted the [[imamate]] of Imam al-Jawad (a) due to his scientific superiority in spite of his age. At that time, due to restrictions made for Imam (a), his connections with Shi'a were mostly made through agents. | ||
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Scientific debates of Imam al-Jawad (a) in his childhood age with religious scholars of different Islamic sects in theological issues such as the position of [[caliphs]] and in jurisprudential issues such as [[hajj]] rituals are among well-known debates of Imams (a). | Scientific debates of Imam al-Jawad (a) in his childhood age with religious scholars of different Islamic sects in theological issues such as the position of [[caliphs]] and in jurisprudential issues such as [[hajj]] rituals are among well-known debates of Imams (a). | ||
== Lineage, | == Lineage, Teknonym, and Titles == | ||
Muhammad b. 'Ali b. Musa b. Ja'far b. Muhammad is the ninth Imam of [[Twelver Shi'a]] who is known as al-Jawad and Jawad al-'A'imma. His father Imam al-Rida (a) was the eighth Imam of Twelver Shia.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 396</ref> His mother was [[Sabika]] from the family of [[Mariya al-Qibtiyya]], the wife of the [[Holy Prophet (s)]]. In some sources, the name of his mother is mentioned as Khayzuran, Nawbiyya and Rayhana.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 315, 492; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 1; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 379.</ref> | Muhammad b. 'Ali b. Musa b. Ja'far b. Muhammad is the ninth Imam of [[Twelver Shi'a]] who is known as al-Jawad and Jawad al-'A'imma. His father Imam al-Rida (a) was the eighth Imam of Twelver Shia.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 396</ref> His mother was [[Sabika]] from the family of [[Mariya al-Qibtiyya]], the wife of the [[Holy Prophet (s)]]. In some sources, the name of his mother is mentioned as Khayzuran, Nawbiyya and Rayhana.<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 315, 492; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 1; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 379.</ref> | ||
His [[ | His [[teknonym]] was Abu Ja'far<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 315, 492; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 1.</ref> and it is mentioned in historical narrations as Abu Ja'far al-Thani so that he (a) is not mistaken with Abu Ja'far al-Awwal who is [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]]. | ||
His most famous title was al-Jawad and they have mentioned other titles for him such as al-Taqi, al-Murtada, al-Qani', al-Radi, al-Mukhtar, al-Mutawakkil, and al-Muntajab.<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 379; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 12, 13.</ref> | His most famous title was al-Jawad and they have mentioned other titles for him such as al-Taqi, al-Murtada, al-Qani', al-Radi, al-Mukhtar, al-Mutawakkil, and al-Muntajab.<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 379; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 50, p. 12, 13.</ref> | ||