Akhbaris: Difference between revisions

The fourth century A.H. (10th century) is the period of the prominence of the hadithist school in [[Qom]]. Deductivist scholars of [[fiqh]], such as [[Al-Hasan b. 'Ali al-Hadha' al-'Ummani|Ibn Abi 'Aqil al-Ummani]] and [[Ibn Junayd al-Iskafi]] were among the minority. Prominent scholars of fiqh in this period were [[Muhammad b. Ya'qub al-Kulayni]] (d. 328/940), [['Ali b. Husayn b. Musa b. Babawayh al-Qummi|'Ali b. Babawayh al-Qummi]] (d. 329 A.H./941), [[Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi]] (d. 367 A.H./ 977-978) and [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] (d. 381 A.H./ 991-992), who significantly contributed to the production of the oldest collections of jurisprudential hadiths.

With [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] (d. 413 A.H./ 1022) and [[al-Sharif al-Murtada]] (d. 436 A.H./ 1044-1045) and [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] (d. 460 A.H./ 1067), who wrote the first works concerning the principles (usul) of Imamiyya fiqh, a new movement began in [[Imamiyya]] directing the tendencies of Imamiyya scholars of [[fiqh]] to deductive fiqh (instead of hadithism) for centuries. The contrast between the two tendencies can be seen in the works of the above scholars. In his ''[[Awa'il al-maqalat]]'', al-Shaykh al-Mufid mentions scholars of deductive fiqh as "fuqaha" simpliciter, and hadithists as "ahl al-naql" (people of hadith), "as'hab al-athar" and the like. In an essay by al-Sharif al-Murtada, "as'hab al-hadith" is opposed to scholars of fiqh with a method of usul who were supported by him.