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Shimr b. Dhi l-Jawshan: Difference between revisions
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==Role in the Tragedy of Karbala== | ==Role in the Tragedy of Karbala== | ||
When [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]] went to [[Kufa]] in 60/680 as a representative of [[Imam Husayn (a)]], Shimr got a commission from [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] not to let the people gather around Mulim b. 'Aqil. Fulfilling this task, Shimr gave a speech in which he called Muslim b. 'Aqil a rebel and warned the Kufans of the army of the central government in Sham. | When [[Muslim b. 'Aqil]] went to [[Kufa]] in 60/680 as a representative of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], Shimr got a commission from [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] not to let the people gather around Mulim b. 'Aqil. Fulfilling this task, Shimr gave a speech in which he called Muslim b. 'Aqil a rebel and warned the Kufans of the army of the central government in Sham. | ||
When Imam al-Husayn (a) arrived in Karbala, [['Umar b. Sa'd]], the commander of the Kufan army, wanted to find a peaceful solution for the conflict, But Shimr encouraged [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]], who seemed to be inclined to 'Umar b. Sa'd's intention, to go for violent measures. | When Imam al-Husayn (a) arrived in Karbala, [['Umar b. Sa'd]], the commander of the Kufan army, wanted to find a peaceful solution for the conflict, But Shimr encouraged [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]], who seemed to be inclined to 'Umar b. Sa'd's intention, to go for violent measures. | ||
In the afternoon of [[Muharram 9]], 61/680, Shimr arrived in Karbala with an army of four thousand soldiers and a threatening letter from 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad. When 'Umar b. Sa'd saw the letter, he criticized Shimr for destroying the chance of peace, but still complied with 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad's command and prepared for battle with Imam Husayn (a). Shimr became a commander of his army. | In the afternoon of [[Muharram 9]], 61/680, Shimr arrived in Karbala with an army of four thousand soldiers and a threatening letter from 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad. When 'Umar b. Sa'd saw the letter, he criticized Shimr for destroying the chance of peace, but still complied with 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad's command and prepared for battle with Imam al-Husayn (a). Shimr became a commander of his army. | ||
As Shimr was from the same tribe as [[Umm al-Banin]], the mother of [['Abbas b. 'Ali]], in the evening of [[Tasu'a]] he came close to the camp of Imam al-Husayn and addressed 'Abbas and his brothers as nieces and wanted them to abandon Imam al-Husayn (a) in return for a safe-conduct from 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad, but they refused and remained with Imam al-Husayn (a). | As Shimr was from the same tribe as [[Umm al-Banin]], the mother of [['Abbas b. 'Ali]], in the evening of [[Tasu'a]] he came close to the camp of Imam al-Husayn and addressed 'Abbas and his brothers as nieces and wanted them to abandon Imam al-Husayn (a) in return for a safe-conduct from 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad, but they refused and remained with Imam al-Husayn (a). | ||
===On the Day of 'Ashura=== | ===On the Day of 'Ashura=== | ||
In the morning of the day of 'Ashura', Shimr became the commander of the west wing of 'Umar b. Sa'd's army. When approaching the tents of Imam Husayn (a), he was faced with a ditch and burning firewood around the tents. This made him say rude words to the Imam (a). He also cut the Imam's speech for the Kufan army on the excellences of his family and the commands of the Prophet (s) to love his [[Ahl al-Bayt]]. | In the morning of the day of 'Ashura', Shimr became the commander of the west wing of 'Umar b. Sa'd's army. When approaching the tents of Imam al-Husayn (a), he was faced with a ditch and burning firewood around the tents. This made him say rude words to the Imam (a). He also cut the Imam's speech for the Kufan army on the excellences of his family and the commands of the Prophet (s) to love his [[Ahl al-Bayt]]. | ||
When [[Zuhayr b. Qayn]] started his speech to advise the people of Kufa and invited them to support Imam al-Husayn (a), Shimr threw an arrow to him and insulted him. | When [[Zuhayr b. Qayn]] started his speech to advise the people of Kufa and invited them to support Imam al-Husayn (a), Shimr threw an arrow to him and insulted him. | ||
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When most of the Imam al-Husayn's companions were killed and he was in the middle of the battle, Kufans attacked the tents. Shimr put his spear in the tent of the Imam (a) and called for fire to burn the tent. | When most of the Imam al-Husayn's companions were killed and he was in the middle of the battle, Kufans attacked the tents. Shimr put his spear in the tent of the Imam (a) and called for fire to burn the tent. | ||
===Murdering Imam Husayn (a)=== | ===Murdering Imam al-Husayn (a)=== | ||
Shimr commanded his soldiers to shoot the Imam's body with their arrows, and then attack him. There are different reports as to who murdered the Imam (a) and cut off his holy head. According to al-Waqidi, it was Shimr who did so and then stepped on the Imam's body with his horse. According to some reports he sat on the Imam's (a) chest and cut his holy head from behind. | Shimr commanded his soldiers to shoot the Imam's body with their arrows, and then attack him. There are different reports as to who murdered the Imam (a) and cut off his holy head. According to al-Waqidi, it was Shimr who did so and then stepped on the Imam's body with his horse. According to some reports he sat on the Imam's (a) chest and cut his holy head from behind. | ||
After murdering Imam Husayn (a) and attacking and burning his tents, Shimr intended to murder [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] as well, but he was stopped from doing so. | After murdering Imam al-Husayn (a) and attacking and burning his tents, Shimr intended to murder [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] as well, but he was stopped from doing so. | ||
===After 'Ashura=== | ===After 'Ashura=== | ||
On [[Muharram 11]], 61/680, 'Umar b. Sa'd commanded his soldiers to cut off the heads of the 72 martyrs of Karbala, and take them, under the supervision of Shimr and some other commanders, to 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad in Kufa. | On [[Muharram 11]], 61/680, 'Umar b. Sa'd commanded his soldiers to cut off the heads of the 72 martyrs of Karbala, and take them, under the supervision of Shimr and some other commanders, to 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad in Kufa. | ||
Ibn Ziyad, in turn, commissioned Shimr to take the heads and the captives to [[Yazid]] in Damascus. At the court of Yazid, Shimr gave an insulting speech about Imam Husayn (a) and his companions. | Ibn Ziyad, in turn, commissioned Shimr to take the heads and the captives to [[Yazid]] in Damascus. At the court of Yazid, Shimr gave an insulting speech about Imam al-Husayn (a) and his companions. | ||
After the return of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] to [[Medina]], Shimr went back to Kufa. It is said that in this period he would pray and ask God for forgiveness, but still he would justify his crime by calling it obedience to rulers. | After the return of [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] to [[Medina]], Shimr went back to Kufa. It is said that in this period he would pray and ask God for forgiveness, but still he would justify his crime by calling it obedience to rulers. | ||
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==Status in the Eyes of Sunnis== | ==Status in the Eyes of Sunnis== | ||
Shimr has narrated from his father, and Abu Ishaq al-Subay'i has narrated from Shimr. However, Sunni sources mention Shimr disparagingly, regarding him unqualified for narrating hadith because of his participation in the murder of Imam Husayn (a). | Shimr has narrated from his father, and Abu Ishaq al-Subay'i has narrated from Shimr. However, Sunni sources mention Shimr disparagingly, regarding him unqualified for narrating hadith because of his participation in the murder of Imam al-Husayn (a). | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
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[[id:Syimr bin Dzil Jausyan]] | [[id:Syimr bin Dzil Jausyan]] | ||
[[Category:Murderers of the martyrs of Karbala]] | [[Category:Murderers of the martyrs of Karbala]] | ||