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Holy Shrine of Imam Ali (a): Difference between revisions
Holy Shrine of Imam Ali (a) (view source)
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==History of the Construction== | ==History of the Construction== | ||
With the deposal of the Umayyads, and the public discovery of the grave of Imam Ali (a), Dawud b. Ali al-Abbasi (d. 133/751) witnessed that many people were visiting the gravesite. As such, he installed a tombstone on top of the grave. However, after the establishment of the [[Abbasid caliphate]], their relationship with the [[Alawis]] changed and the grave became abandoned once again and the tombstone was destroyed.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī | With the deposal of the Umayyads, and the public discovery of the grave of Imam Ali (a), Dawud b. Ali al-Abbasi (d. 133/751) witnessed that many people were visiting the gravesite. As such, he installed a tombstone on top of the grave. However, after the establishment of the [[Abbasid caliphate]], their relationship with the [[Alawis]] changed and the grave became abandoned once again and the tombstone was destroyed.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 40.</ref> | ||
* Apparently, in approximately the 170/786<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī | * Apparently, in approximately the 170/786<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 41.</ref>, it was [[Harun al-Rashid]] who built the first shrine for Imam Ali (a) made from white bricks. He also gave orders for a building to be built on top of the grave from red clay, and for green fabric to be laid across the shrine.<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''Farḥat al-gharī'', p. 127.</ref> | ||
* In the same way that the Abbasid caliph, [[Mutawakkil]] (d. 247/861), destroyed the [[shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]], he also destroyed the shrine of Imam 'Ali (a) in Najaf.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī | * In the same way that the Abbasid caliph, [[Mutawakkil]] (d. 247/861), destroyed the [[shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]], he also destroyed the shrine of Imam 'Ali (a) in Najaf.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 43.</ref> After this, Muhammad b. Zayd al-Da'i (d. 287/900) rebuilt the grave, and furthermore, built a dome, walls, and fort for shrine.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 42-43.</ref> | ||
* Umar b. Yahya, renovated the shrine of Imam Ali (a) in 330/942 and he paid for the expenses to install a dome from his personal funds.<ref>Tamīmī, ''Madīnat al-Najaf'', p. 172.</ref> | * Umar b. Yahya, renovated the shrine of Imam Ali (a) in 330/942 and he paid for the expenses to install a dome from his personal funds.<ref>Tamīmī, ''Madīnat al-Najaf'', p. 172.</ref> | ||
* 'Adud al-Dawla al-Daylami (d. 372/982) renovated and constructed the building in such a way that it was completely unique in style for its era and he also set up [[endowment]]s for it. This building remained until 753/1352. It was in this year that the building was burned down and destroyed. It has been said that in this fire, a manuscript of Quran in three volumes written by Imam Ali (a) himself were also burned.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī | * 'Adud al-Dawla al-Daylami (d. 372/982) renovated and constructed the building in such a way that it was completely unique in style for its era and he also set up [[endowment]]s for it. This building remained until 753/1352. It was in this year that the building was burned down and destroyed. It has been said that in this fire, a manuscript of Quran in three volumes written by Imam Ali (a) himself were also burned.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 43-45.</ref> In addition to 'Adud al-Dawla, other Buyid rulers and their viziers, the Hamdanids, and some of the Abbasids ([[Mustansir al-Abbasi]]) also participated in the shrine's renovation and reconstruction.<ref>Āl Maḥbūbah, ''Māḍī l-Najaf wa ḥāḍiruhā'', vol. 1, p. 43-46.</ref> | ||
* In the year 760/1359, a new building was constructed that has not been attributed to any particular individual. However, apparently it was the work of Ilkhanates and many rules had a share in its building. [[Shah Abbas I]] restored the hall, dome, and courtyard of this building. | * In the year 760/1359, a new building was constructed that has not been attributed to any particular individual. However, apparently it was the work of Ilkhanates and many rules had a share in its building. [[Shah Abbas I]] restored the hall, dome, and courtyard of this building. | ||
* Shah Safi expanded the courtyard of the shrine. | * Shah Safi expanded the courtyard of the shrine. | ||