Al-Qasim b. Muhammad b. Abi Bakr: Difference between revisions

Qasim b. Muhammad b. Abi Bakr was born in [[Medina]] in [[36]]/656-57. His father, [[Muhammad b. Abi Bakr]] was the son of [[Abu Bakr]], the first [[caliph]]. He was Imam Ali's (a) adopted son and among his special companions. According to a famous report, his mother was the daughter of Yazdegerd III, the last Sasanid king. Thus, Qasim b. Muhammad is regarded as the cousin of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]], therefore it is said that Yazdegerd had three daughters, one of whom married to [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], one to Muhammad b. Abi Bakr and the third to [['Abd Allah b. 'Umar]].

According to famous historical reports, Qasim b. Muhammad was the father of Imam al-Sadiq's (a) mother and [[Umm Farwa bt. al-Qasim|Umm Farwa]], Imam al-Baqir's (a) wife, was one of her daughters. Qasim had two sons whose names were Muhammad and 'Abd al-Rahman. He also had a daughter whose name was Umm Hakim.

For Qasim, two [[teknonym]]s of Abu Muhammad and Abu 'Abd al-Rahman have been mentioned. His title is "Madani" due to his life in [[Medina]].

Qasim b. Muhammad grew up learning from [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and was considered among his companions. Some also regard him as the student of [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]]. There are expressions of approval and commendation about him in the words of [[Imams (a)]]. Imam [[al-Sadiq (a)]] regarded him among the three elders who had a great position before Imam al-Sajjad (a).

:"Sa'id b. Musayyib, Qasim b. Muhammad and Abu Khalid al-Kabuli were among narrators and Shias who were trustworthy before Imam al-Sajjad (a)."

:"These two were on the path of Alawi Wilaya and the true Islam."

In his ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari (book)|Sahih]]'', al-Bukhari has introduced him the most knowledgeable man of his time. Muhammad b. Sa'd, the author of ''Tabaqat al-kubra'', quotes from Muhammad b. 'Umar al-Waqidi and introduces Qasim b. Muhammad as a great, trustworthy and pious [[faqih]].

Ibn Hibban, Ibn Khallakan, Ibn Hajar and some other Sunni scholars have mentioned similar descriptions about Qasim b. Muhammad in their books. These expressions suggest the credit of Qasim b. Muhammad before Sunni scholars.

In his ''[[Al-Rijal (al-Tusi)|rijal]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] introduces Qasim b. Muhammad among [[Shia]] narrators of [[hadiths]]. Also, in his ''[[Majalis al-mu'minin]]'', [[Qadi Nur Allah Shushtari]] quotes from [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], among Shia scholars of [[rijal]], and introduces Qasim b. Muhammad a faqih and scholar among the companions of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]]. Further, in his ''[[Bihar al-anwar]]'', [['Allama al-Majlisi]] has mentioned Qasim b. Muhammad among Shia's trustworthy scholars. Also in his ''[[Qamus al-rijal]]'', [[Muhamamd Taqi Shushtari]] introduces Qasim b. Muhammad among pure Shias.

Qasim b. Muhammad was so famous in the knowledge of [[hadith]] and [[fiqh]] that about him Abu l-Zanad said:

:"I have not seen anyone in tradition more knowledgeable than him."

He was one of the seven scholars of fiqh in Medina and according to historical records, he was the reference for answering questions of his time. Also, his accuracy in keeping and transmitting hadiths is among his characteristics which [[rijal]] scholars have mentioned.

In his ''[[Qamus al-rijal]]'', [[Muhammad Taqi Shushtari]] has quoted from [[Tarikh al-Ya'qubi]] that after the martyrdom of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], when [[Aisha]], riding a horse, shouted, "I do not allow anyone be buried in the house of the [[Prophet (s)]]!" Qasim who was still a teenager went to her and said, "O aunt! The memory of the [[Battle of Jamal]] is not yet forgotten when you rode a camel! Do you want to do something so that people would say, "once again she has got on the horse and has lit fire of another mischief?!"

About the date of his demise, historical reports are different mentioning years between 101/719-20, 102/720-21, 108/76-78 and 112/730-31. The more famous report about his demise is in 101/719-20 in a place called Qudayd between [[Medina]] and [[Mecca]]. Qasim had made a will that he should be buried with his worn-on clothes.

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